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38603-User guide

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National Crime Victimization Survey, [United States], 2022 ICPSR 38603 United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics User Guide Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research P.O. Box 1248 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 www.icpsr.umich.edu Terms of Use The terms of use for this study can be found at: http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/studies/38603/terms Information about Copyrighted Content Some instruments administered for studies archived with ICPSR may contain in whole or substantially in part contents from copyrighted instruments. Reproductions of the instruments are provided as documentation for the analysis of the data associated with this collection. Restrictions on "fair use" apply to all copyrighted content. More information about the reproduction of copyrighted works by educators and librarians is available from the United States Copyright Office. NOTICE WARNING CONCERNING COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. -1- Study Description Citation Title Statement Title: National Crime Victimization Survey, [United States], 2022 Alternative Title: NCVS 2022 Identification No.: 38603 Responsibility Statement Authoring Entity: United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics Production Statement Producer: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Place of Production: Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Funding Agency: United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics Distribution Statement Distributor: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Series Statement Series Name: National Crime Victimization Survey Series Study Scope Subject Information Keyword(s): assault, auto theft, burglary, crime, crime costs, crime rates, crime reporting, crime statistics, offenders, offenses, property crimes, rape, reactions to crime, robbery, sexual offenses, victimization, victims Topic Classification(s): Social Institutions and Behavior, Crime and the Criminal Justice System Abstract The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), previously the National Crime Survey (NCS), has been collecting data on personal and household victimization through an ongoing survey of a nationally-representative sample of residential addresses since 1972. The survey is administered by the U.S. Census Bureau (under the U.S. Department of Commerce) on behalf of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (under the U.S. Department of Justice). The NCS and NCVS were both designed with four primary objectives:

  1. To develop detailed information about the victims and consequences of crime,
  2. To estimate the numbers and types of crimes not reported to the police,
  3. To provide uniform measures of selected types of crimes, and
  4. To permit comparisons over time and types of areas.

Beginning in 1992, the NCVS categorizes crimes as "personal" or "property" covering the personal crimes of rape and sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault and purse-snatching/pocket-picking; and the property -2- crimes of burglary, theft, and motor vehicle theft. Beyond a simple count of victimizations, the NCVS gathers details on the incident itself insofar as the victim can report them. Such details include the month, time, and location of the crime, the relationship between victim and offender, characteristics of the offender, self-protective actions taken by the victim during the incident and results of those actions, consequences of the victimization, type of property lost, whether the crime was reported to police and reasons for reporting or not reporting, and offender use of weapons, drugs, and alcohol. Basic demographic information, such as age, race, gender, and income, is also collected to enable analysis of crime by various sub-populations for select years. The Glossary (see Other Materials below) describes terms relevant to the NCVS. Analysts who are interested in the history of the 1992 redesign of the NCVS or are interested in conducting analyses using both NCS and NCVS data should refer to the NCVS Resource Guide (https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/pages/NACJD/NCVS/index.html) on the NACJD Web site. Summary Data Description Time Period: January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022 Date(s) of Collection: January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022 Country: United States Geographic Coverage: United States Geographic Unit: Region Unit of Analysis: Household, Individual, Crime Incident Universe: The NCVS target population is individuals 12 years of age or older living in households and group quarters within the United States and the District of Columbia. Excluded are persons who are crews of vessels, in institutions (e.g., prisons and nursing homes) or members of the armed forces living in military barracks. Interviews are translated for non-English speaking respondents where possible. Kind of Data: Survey data Comparisons Across Years Every 10 years, the U.S. Census Bureau (Census) conducts the official population count of the United States. In 2006 and 2016, redesigns of the NCVS sample were necessary to account for shifts in the population identified through the Decennial Census. Examination of data in 2006 and 2016 suggested that these sample redesigns had a significant impact on survey estimates, meaning that estimates for 2006 and 2016 are not comparable to other years. Care should be taken in interpreting trend results including data from 2006. See Criminal Victimization, 2006 Technical Notes for more information. For 2016, BJS worked with the U.S. Census Bureau to devise a methodology for creating a revised 2016 NCVS data file to allow for comparisons between 2016 data and prior (and future) data years. See Criminal Victimization, 2016: Revised for more information. 2020 Weighting Adjustment The 2020 NCVS applied temporary changes to the weighting methods to adjust for the changes in data collection procedures due to the coronavirus pandemic. For additional information, please see the documentation for the data from the 2020 NCVS, ICPSR Study 38090. NCVS Methodological Changes in 2016 From 2015 to 2016, the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) sample size increased by 41% (from 95,760 to 134,690 households interviewed) to facilitate the ability to produce aggregate state- and local-level victimization estimates for the largest 22 states. At the same time, the sample was adjusted to reflect the U.S. population counts in the 2010 decennial census (rather than being based on the 2000 decennial census, as was the case for the 2006 through the 2015 NCVS). In Criminal Victimization, 2016 (NCJ 251150, BJS web, December 2017), BJS concluded that the 2016 NCVS victimization rates could not be compared to 2015 or any prior year. BJS observed that "a comparison of the 2015 -3- and 2016 victimization estimates showed that the violent and property crimes had increased" but that "it was not possible to isolate ... the degree to which the change in rates from 2015 to 2016 resulted from the sample redesign rather than real changes in U.S. victimization levels." Subsequently, we worked to develop a viable solution that would permit comparisons between the 2016 NCVS and other years. See Criminal Victimization, 2016: Revised for more information. Data Anomalies NCVS Methodological Changes in 2006 and 2007 A number of methodological changes were implemented in the NCVS in 2006 that impacted the victimization rate estimates for that year. These effects were reversed in 2007, suggesting that the 2006 findings represent a temporary anomaly in the data. The changes and their impact upon the survey's estimates are described in Criminal Victimization 2006 Technical Notes, available online at http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv06.pdf. A detailed discussion of the analyses of the 2007 data by BJS and the U.S. Census Bureau are available in Criminal Victimization, 2007 at http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv07.pdf. The methodological changes implemented in 2006 that have been linked to the data anomaly for that year include: • The introduction of a new sample based on the 2000 decennial census; • A transition from paper-and-pencil interviewing (PAPI) to computer-assisted interviewing (CAPI); and • The use of first-time interviews in the new sample areas in the production of survey estimates. In 2007, three additional changes were made largely for budgetary reasons to the NCVS program: • The sample was reduced by 14% in July 2007; • First-time interviews from all sample areas were used in the production of 2007 estimates; and • Computer-assisted interviews from centralized telephone centers were discontinued in July 2007. Analyses of the 2007 estimates indicate that the program changes made in 2007 had relatively small impact on NCVS estimates. As discussed in Criminal Victimization, 2006, the substantial increases in victimization rates from 2005 to 2006 do not appear to be due to actual changes in crime during that period. Based on research completed to date, there is a high degree of confidence that survey estimates for 2007 are consistent with and comparable to those for 2005 and with 2008 through 2015. While the estimates for 2007 are close to the levels for 2005, they are substantially below the levels for 2006. NCVS Sample Reinstatement To restore the quality of the NCVS data, BJS and the U.S. Census Bureau (Census) implemented a sample reinstatement. The sample reinstatement project was designed to restore sample cases that were cut in the mid- 2000s due to budget constraints as a means of improving the precision of the national victimization estimates. The sample size was returned to levels last seen in the late 1990s to increase the precision of the estimates for crime. Beginning in October 2010, Census began restoring the sample to existing areas using existing field representatives. The sample size increased approximately 24%, from about 8,500 households per month to 10,500. The reinstatement was fully implemented by June 2011. FORM AND CONTENT OF NCVS DATA FILES The form and content of NCVS data files have changed over the years. A brief discussion of this is warranted. In particular, the concepts of collection-year versus data-year format and bounded versus unbounded interviews affect the data. Collection year versus data year Historically the NCVS data files were made available data-year format. Under the data-year format, crime incidents were analyzed based on the year that the incident actually occurred. Thus, given that the NCVS employs a six month retrospective reference period, 18 months of interviews were necessary to estimate a year of crime incidents. For example, a respondent interviewed in March, 2022 may indicate that a crime occurred in December, 2021. Under the data-year format that crime would be counted in 2021. -4- Under the collection-year format, crime incidents are reported based on when the interview was conducted, not when the crime occurred. In the previous example, the crime would be counted in 2022. Whereas the data-year format requires 18 months of interviews to estimate crime incidents, the collection-year format requires only 12 months. Therefore, estimates of crime can be reported in a more timely fashion under the collection-year format. NCVS data files made available under the data-year format included all of the data that comprise the collection- year format. However, the data-year format inherently resulted in delays in analyzing data and publishing results. All current BJS publications use the collection-year format. Consequently, BJS has decided to release a collection-year version of the NCVS. The NCVS data files have several variables that contain year information. Two of them are particularly important: V4015 (YEAR INCIDENT OCCURRED) and YEARQ (YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW). As their labels indicate they record different information. Under the collection-year format V4015 will contain more than one year, and YEARQ will contain only one year (recorded as yyyy.q to indicate both year and quarter of interview). The collection-year data files are prepared by using YEARQ to select records. NCVS data collections with titles such as NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY, YYYY [RECORD-TYPE FILES] are data-year format. Data collections with titles such as NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY, YYYY [COLLECTION YEAR RECORD-TYPE FILES] are collection-year format. Starting with 2009 data, the NCVS is released in collection-year format only. The 2009 and forward data collections are titled: NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY, YYYY. Refer to the 2009 codebook for more information on collection year versus data year. Bounded versus Unbounded Interviews NCVS households are interviewed a total of seven times at six-month intervals over a three-year period. From 1992-2005 the first interview was excluded from the traditional release of NCVS data (except for replacement households). The first interview is the bounding interview and is used to control for respondent telescoping. It is used to place reported crime incidents in time to avoid reporting them again in subsequent interviews. The traditional release of NCVS data files is bounded data-year files. This changed in 2006. The years 2006 and 2007 were a phase-in period when households new to the sample began having their first interviews included in the NCVS data files. Starting in 2008, all new households have their first interview included in the data; the data are unbounded. Data collections titled: NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY, YYYY [RECORD-TYPE FILES] are bounded for years 1992-2005; for 2006 and 2007 they are a mix of bounded and unbounded interviews; and for 2008 and onward they are unbounded. In anticipation of the NCVS data becoming unbounded, BJS made several years of NCVS data (1999-2006) available in unbounded format. This allowed users interested in methodological issues to work with both forms of the data. These data collections are titled: NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY: UNBOUNDED DATA, YYYY. For years where there are both bounded and unbounded formats of NCVS data available, the unbounded data file will contain more records. However, other than the additional records, the only difference between the unbounded data and the bounded data is the values of the weight variables. The household, person, and incident weights have all been adjusted to reflect the larger number of records in the unbounded file. Weighted estimates of housing units and population are comparable in the unbounded and bounded data, although not exactly the same because of rounding as the weights were recalculated. Crime victimizations estimated using the unbounded data will be higher than those estimated using the regular NCVS because more reported incidents are included with the data. ADDITIONAL DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS ADDED IN 2016 In July 2016, BJS added additional socio-demographic questions to the crime screener instrument (NCVS-1), specifically, respondent's veteran status, citizenship, disability status, sexual orientation, and gender identity. BJS also expanded the household income response categories. However, because these variables were only collected for half the year, they are not available on the 2016 Public Use Files (PUF) with the exception of disability status. These variables are included on the Restricted Use Files through the U.S. Census Bureau's Federal Statistical Research Data Centers (FSRDC). More information on the FSRDC is available at -5- (https://www.census.gov/fsrdc). Beginning in 2017, these variables are included in the Public Use Files. Currently, for these socio- demographic variables added to the NCVS in July 2016, previous responses stay with a person on the PUF even if they are not asked again at that next time-in-sample (TIS) interview. Therefore, once a person is asked these socio-demographic questions, those responses would be carried forward in subsequent interviews, and would appear on subsequent PUFs. Starting in July 2019, the sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) questions were administered only to crime victims age 16 or older. In addition, these questions will only be asked once of all victims during the time they remain in sample, rather than asking at their first, fifth, and seventh interview. From July 2016 to June 2019, these questions were administered to all respondents age 16 or older at their first, third, fifth, or seventh interview, or if they had not been asked the questions before. Because responses to the SOGI questions, like all other socio- demographic questions, are carried forward in subsequent interviews, the full effect of the July 2019 changes to the administration of these questions won't be apparent on the PUF until all the June 2019 cases are no longer in the NCVS sample, which happened in July 2022. Even after the July 2019 SOGI changes were implemented, some respondents with no crime incidents on the PUF will still have been asked the SOGI questions. This is a function of the data collection and editing process, and can happen for various reasons. Starting in January 2022, BJS reverted back to administering the SOGI questions to all respondents (not proxy respondents) age 16 or older, regardless of whether they completed a Crime Incident Report. As a result of this change, populations estimates can be generated and used to calculate crime rates by SOGI status. These questions are asked at the first, third, fifth, and seventh interviews or if the respondent had not been asked the questions before. Annual Updates to NCVS PUF Data users should always refer to the most recent versions of released NCVS data for updates or changes to Public Use Files. Record-Type Files Data from the National Crime Victimization Survey are now available from ICPSR in four record-type files: address, household, person, and incident. Previously NCVS data were available in a hierarchical format containing four record types. The use of four record-type files - each a rectangular file - simplifies the use of the data while maintaining all of the information and functionality present in the hierarchical format. The address and household record-type files contain information about the household as reported by the respondent and characteristics of the surrounding area as computed by the U.S. Census Bureau. The person record-type file contains information about each household member age 12 years and older as reported by that person or proxy, with one record for each qualifying individual. The incident record-type file contains information drawn from the incident report completed for each household incident or person incident mentioned during the interview. ID variables have been added to the record-type files to facilitate merging the separate files. Each of the four record-type files contains the variable YEARQ, which indicates the year and quarter an interview was conducted in, or was to be conducted in. This variable is necessary because NCVS ID variables are unique only within each six-month interview period. The address record-type file is merged to the household record-type file using YEARQ and IDHH (the household ID). The household record-type file is merged to the person record-type file also using YEARQ and IDHH (the household ID). The person record-type file is merged to the incident record-type file using YEARQ, IDHH (the household ID), and IDPER (the person ID). An example of matching the record-type files is included with this documentation in Other Materials below. The example demonstrates how to create the incident- level extract file included with this data collection. In addition to the single-year record-type files contained in this data collection, a separate data collection contains multi-year concatenated incident-level extract files. Methodology and Processing Data Collection Methodology Time Method: Rotating panel survey -6- Data Collector: United States Department of Commerce. U.S. Census Bureau Frequency of Data Collection: Semi-annually Sampling Procedure: Each month the U.S. Census Bureau selects respondents for the NCVS using a "rotating panel" sample design. Households are randomly selected and all age-eligible individuals become part of the panel. Once in the sample, respondents are interviewed every six months for a total of seven interviews over a three-year period. Typically the first interview is face-to-face and the remainder are by telephone. After the seventh interview the household leaves the panel and a new household is rotated in to the sample. Sample Design The NCVS sample consists of approximately 200,000 sample housing units selected with a stratified, multi stage cluster design. The NCVS sample is drawn from the decennial census. To take advantage of the availability of data from the most recent census, sample selection from the most recent census is phased in at approximately mid-decade. Prior to that, sample selection is based on the census before the most recent one. For example, prior to 1995, the sample was drawn from the 1980 decennial Census. From January, 1995 until December, 1997, the sample drawn from the 1990 Census was phased in. From January, 1998 until approximately 2005 the complete NCVS sample was drawn from the 1990 Census. In 2005, samples from the 2000 Census began to be phased-in. In 2015, samples from the 2010 Census began to be phased in. The sample of housing units within a PSU was selected in two stages. The first step of the sample design involves dividing the United States into 1,987 first-stage sample units or PSUs consisting of large metropolitan areas, counties, or groups of bordering counties. These areas are grouped together within each state using data from the 2010 Census on characteristics such as total land area, current and projected population counts, large metropolitan areas, and natural barriers, such as rivers and mountains. With the exception of some PSUs in Alaska, the required population size for a PSU was at least 7,500 persons. The preferred maximum land area was 3,000 square miles, but some PSUs exceeded this threshold because counties had a large geographic area and small population. These limits were chosen to provide sufficient workload for at least one interviewer per PSU while ensuring travel time for individual interviewers was not overly onerous. The next step is dividing the PSUs into sampling strata. Some PSUs are so large and therefore important to the estimates that they are included in every sample. They are known as self-representing (SR) PSUs because they represent themselves and no other PSUs. For NCVS, PSUs are identified as SR if the counties are within large Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). All SR PSUs make up their own sampling strata. The remaining PSUs are non-self-representing (NSR) and are grouped within state with similar NSR PSUs to form strata. The data used for grouping the NSR PSUs consist of decennial census demographic data, American Community Survey data, and administrative crime data. NSR PSUs are grouped to be as similar or homogeneous as possible. Just as the SR PSUs must be large enough to support a full workload, so must each NSR strata be of that size. The most efficient stratification scheme is determined by minimizing the between-PSU variance and the within-PSU variance. The first stage selection identifies a sample of PSUs, and this occurs once every ten years. The SR PSUs are automatically selected for sample or selected with certainty. The NSR PSUs are sampled with probability proportional to the population size using a linear programming algorithm. One PSU is selected from each NSR stratum. There was no effort to maximize the amount of overlap between 2010 and 2000 design PSUs. The 2010 design NCVS sample includes 339 SR PSUs and 203 NSR PSUs. These 542 PSUs include 933 counties and county equivalents, 505 of which are continuing areas because they were also in sample in the 2000 design NCVS. The remaining 428 counties and county equivalents are new to NCVS beginning with the 2016 data collection year. Because PSUs were redefined for the 2010 design, some sampled PSUs contain both new and continuing counties. Therefore, the concept of new or continuing first-stage sample areas must be applied at the county level and not at the PSU level. For second stage selection, a systematic random sample of housing units and GQs is selected within the first stage sample PSUs. The sample size is the number of housing units and GQs expected to result in enough completed person interviews to meet NCVS reliability goals. -7- Rotating Panel Design Because of the continuing nature of the National Crime Victimization Survey, a rotation scheme was devised to avoid interviewing the same household indefinitely. The sample of housing units is divided into six rotation groups, and each group is interviewed every six months for a period of three and a half years. Within each of the six rotation groups, six panels are designated. A different panel is interviewed each month during the six-month period. Until 2006, the first interview for a housing unit in a group was used only for bounding and was not included in the regular public use data. However, if a new household moved into a sample unit, the members of that household were interviewed and their unbounded interviews were included in the data. Thus, the number of incident reports associated with a household may be affected by its tenure in the sample. New households will have unbounded information while older units may display "time in sample" effects. Time in sample effects include telescoping and fatigue. Telescoping is a tendency to report incidents that occurred outside the period of interest, and fatigue is a tendency to report fewer incidents in later waves of a panel survey. See Census Sample Information and NCVS Rotation Chart in Other Materials below for an illustration of the NCVS rotation scheme. Mode of Data Collection: Telephone interviews, computer-aided telephone interviews, face-to-face interviews Type of Research Instrument: Three basic forms are used to collect the required data for the National Crime Victimization Survey. The control card contains the address of each sample unit and the basic household data, such as the names of all persons living there and their age, race, sex, marital status, education, etc. The basic screen questionnaire contains a set of questions used to elicit reports of crimes against the household and its members. The crime incident report contains a set of questions used to gather details (e.g., location of incident, relationship of victim to offender, extent of injuries and/or economic loss) on crimes reported in the Basic Screen Questionnaire. These forms are described in detail in the Glossary (see Other Materials below, under "Control Card", "Basic Screen Questionnaire", and "Incident Report"; also see Questionnaire Details in Other Materials below for information on the NCVS questionnaire and interviewer training). A number of changes have been made over time in the NCS and NCVS instruments and the procedures for administering them. For example, in some cases response categories were changed, question wording was altered, and questions were added or deleted. Major changes relating to the NCVS redesign are described in the NCVS Redesign document contained in the NCVS Resource Guide (https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/pages/NACJD/NCVS/index.html). Due to the changes that the National Crime Victimization Survey instrument has undergone over the years, a standard format for all files is not possible. Users are strongly urged to carefully review each variable used in their analyses. The variables that are relevant to an individual year of NCVS are contained in the current year's documentation. Variables no longer in use are excluded from the current individual year data files and documentation. As new questions are added to the NCVS, ICPSR attempts to add the variables to the data files so that they parallel the flow of the questionnaire. Inevitably, this means that new variables will be inserted between existing ones. The original NCVS variables were named V1000's for address variables, V2000's for household variables, V3000's for person variables, and V4000's for incident variables. Suffixes are added to new variables that are inserted between existing variables. The presence of a suffix does not mean that the variable is a continuation of the previous one. Rather, it is most likely a completely new variable. Actions to Minimize Nonresponse: Prior to an interview visit, each sample unit is sent a letter from the U.S. Census Bureau informing the household about the National Crime Victimization Survey. During each enumeration period, interviews are conducted with as many eligible household members age 12 and over as possible. Questions pertaining to the entire household are asked only once of the Household Respondent (see Glossary in Other Materials below), a single household member who could reasonably be expected to know the answers pertaining to the household. Individual Screen Questions on the Basic Questionnaires are asked of all household members age 12 or older. -8- Currently, 12 and 13 year olds are interviewed directly unless a knowledgeable household member insists on a proxy. (Prior to July, 1986, information about each household member 14 years and older was obtained by self- response; however, information about members 12 and 13 years old was obtained by a proxy from either the household respondent or some other knowledgeable household member.) The average face-to-face household interview lasts 25 minutes. Subsequent interviews are conducted primarily by telephone. However, in some cases subsequent interviews are conducted face-to-face for respondents without phones, who are difficult to reach by phone, or prefer that mode over the telephone. A sample unit for which an interview could not be obtained is classified as one of three non-interview types. Type A non-interviews consist of households occupied by persons eligible for interviews but from whom no interviews were obtained because, for example, no one was found at home in spite of repeated visits or the household refused to give any information. Because Type A non-interviews are considered avoidable, every effort is made to convert them to interviews. Type B non-interviews are for units which are unoccupied or which are occupied solely by persons who have a usual residence elsewhere (URE). Type C non-interviews are units ineligible for the sample because the unit is demolished, condemned, or no address was listed. Occasionally, the field representative is unable to obtain an interview for a particular household member in an otherwise interviewed household. This person is classified as a type Z person (see Glossary in Other Materials below under "Non-Interview" for more detail). Weighting: See Weights Details in Other Materials below. Address Versus Household: Once an address is selected, the "household" (persons 12 and over living at that address) is interviewed. If that household moves out and a different household moves in, the survey is conducted with this new household. That is, the survey maintains contact with the ADDRESS originally sampled, not necessarily the INDIVIDUALS originally sampled. The variable V1006 will change to indicate that a different household is being interviewed from the previous period. Original Variables and Allocated Variables: During the data collection process, responses may be keyed in incorrectly. For most variables, any invalid entry is recoded as missing or "Residue". For some variables, however, the interviewer's original keystroke entry is maintained in the dataset. These variables are called "Original" variables, each of which has a corresponding "Allocated" variable. Allocated variables result from a U.S. Census Bureau recoding scheme which forces any invalid entry into a valid code. Original variables may contain the original invalid entries. Variable labels in the PUF note whether the variable is "Original" or "Allocated." Multiple Response and Category Variables: Variable labels for multiple response questions are preceded by (LI) which indicates the "Lead in" question, (C) which indicates any number of category questions associated with the lead-in question, and (RESIDUE) which indicates the residue variable. Responses to the "Lead in" question may fit into any number of categories associated with it. The "Lead in" code indicates whether at least one positive response was obtained for any of the categories. Variables for each individual category follow the "Lead in" variable. If respondents answer "Yes" to the main question, but none of the categories is applicable, the Lead-in code is equal to 1, the category codes are equal to 0 and the residue code is equal to 8. Data Appraisal Information Response Rate: The 2022 NCVS data file includes 143,794 household interviews. Overall, 64% of eligible households completed an interview. Within participating households 226,962 persons completed an interview in 2022, representing an 82% response rate among eligible persons from responding households. See the Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey in the Other Materials section of this document for more information on response rates. -9- Estimates of Sampling Error: See Variance Details in Other Materials below. Data Access Dataset Availability Location: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Data Use Statement: Citation Requirement: Publications based on ICPSR data collections should acknowledge those sources by means of bibliographic citations. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for social science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. Deposit Requirement: To provide funding agencies with essential information about use of archival resources and to facilitate the exchange of information about ICPSR participants' research activities, users of ICPSR data are requested to send to ICPSR bibliographic citations for each completed manuscript or thesis abstract. Visit the ICPSR Web site for more information on submitting citations (http://www.icpsr.umich.edu). Data Files Description File-by-File Description Address Record-Type File File Name: Household Record-Type File Contents of Files: The address record-type files contain information about the household as reported by the respondent and characteristics of the surrounding area as computed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Missing Data: There are four missing data codes used in this collection:

  1. RESIDUE - This type of missing data is represented by 8's or a combination of 9's and 8's. Residue can

indicate a keying error which resulted in an out-of-range code, an incorrect or unusable answer by the respondent, or the absence of an entry for a question that should have been asked. There are two types of residue on multiple response variables on NCVS data files. The first type of residue occurs when the entire item was not ascertained. In this instance, there will be a code 8 on the lead-in variable, an 8 in each of the multiple response category variables, and an 8 on the residue variable for that multiple response question. The second type of residue occurs when there is a "yes" for the lead-in question but the specific categories of the multiple response items are not ascertained. In this situation there will be a code 1 on the lead-in variable and an 8 on the residue variable. The multiple response category variables will all have 0 entered.

  1. OUT OF UNIVERSE/BLANK - This type of missing data is represented by 9's. This code indicates that the

case is outside of the applicable range or universe of questions to be answered. For instance for V4127, "Received Medical Care for Injury", only victims who report being injured are asked whether they received medical care. All other victims are skipped past this question and are coded "9" on this variable. In BJS publications, Residue categories, such as "Don't know" are often included in tabulations and are thus not classed as missing data. Data users may choose to define these Residue codes as missing data if it is useful for their analytic purposes. See the Notes for a tabular summary of these two missing data codes and types.

  1. ITEM INVALID UNTIL YYYY Q# - This type of missing data is represented by -1. Variables with this code

were created during the data year, and the code of -1 means that the missing data is due to the item not being in use the full data year. The code distinguishes it from normal out of universe missing data. -10-

  1. ITEM INVALID AFTER YYYY Q# - This type of missing data is represented by -2. Variables with this code

were dropped from use during the data year. The code distinguishes it from normal out of universe missing data. Codes -1 and -2 are user specified missing values. MISSING DATA CODE TYPE OF MISSING DATA 99999 Out of Universe 8 or 98 or 998 Not Ascertained Residue: (A) Single Response Incorrect Response or Keying Error (B) Multiple Response

  1. Entire item Not Ascertained

a) Lead-in: coded 8 b) Each multiple response category variables: coded 8 c) Residue variable: coded 8

  1. "Yes" on Lead-In but Categories on Multiple Responses are Not

Ascertained a) Lead-in: coded 1 b) Multiple response category variables: coded 0 c) Residue variable: coded 8 Household Record-Type File File Name: Household Record-Type File Contents of Files: The household record-type file contains information about the household as reported by the respondent and characteristics of the surrounding area as computed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Unique Identifier: IDHH The variable IDHH - NCVS ID FOR HOUSEHOLDS - uniquely identifies a household within the data file. However, given that a year of NCVS data includes 18 months of interviews, and interviews are conducted every six months, the same IDHH may appear in the data file up to three times. It may also appear in the data file one or two times depending on attrition. The variable YEARQ - YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW (YYYY.Q) - in conjunction with IDHH uniquely identifies a household within a six month interview period. Person Record-Type File File Name: Person Record-Type File Contents of Files: The person record-type file contains information about each household member age 12 years and older as reported by that person or proxy, with one record for each qualifying individual. Unique Identifier: IDPER -11- The variable IDPER - NCVS ID FOR PERSONS - uniquely identifies a person within the data file. However, given that a year of NCVS data includes 18 months of interviews, and interviews are conducted every six months, the same IDPER may appear in the data file up to three times. It may also appear in the data file one or two times depending on attrition. The variable YEARQ - YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW (YYYY.Q) - in conjunction with IDPER uniquely identifies a person within a six month interview period. Incident Record-Type File File Name: Incident Record-Type File Contents of Files: The incident record-type file contains information drawn from the incident report completed for each household incident or person incident mentioned during the interview. Incidents vs. Victimizations: For personal crimes, the NCVS makes a basic distinction between "incidents" and "victimizations." The number of victimizations reflects how many criminal acts were experienced by NCVS survey respondents; the number of incidents reflects the number of criminal acts committed against NCVS respondents and others present during such incidents, as reported by survey respondents. If there was more than one victim, the incident weight is adjusted to compensate for the possibility that the incident could be reported several times by multiple victims and thus be over-counted. For example, if a survey respondent and two other people (non-respondents) were robbed during the same incident, the NCVS counts this as one-third of a personal incident and as one victimization. If all victims were respondents, this criminal act would be counted as one incident and three victimizations. Therefore, estimates of the number of personal incidents are usually lower than estimates of personal victimizations. Estimates of incidents and victimizations can be made by using weights. For personal crimes the variable "INCIDENT WEIGHT ADJUSTED FOR SERIES CRIMES" [SERIES_IWEIGHT] was computed by dividing the person's weight by the total number of persons victimized during the incident and is used to estimate incident totals. To calculate a victimization count, users should use the variable "ADJUSTED VICTIMIZATION WEIGHT" (WGTVICCY or WGTVICDY for collection year or data year respectively). To calculate a victimization count to match recent BJS reports, users should use variable "SERIES_WEIGHT" or the code to calculate series weights found in the Crime Estimate Details section in Other Materials below. Household Crimes: By definition household crimes are committed against the household as a whole. Therefore, a household crime can only have one "victim" -- the household. Accordingly, the victimization weight equals the incident weight for household crimes. Changes in the Definition of Theft: Due to a change in the NCVS definition of Theft, most property crimes are now classified as Household Theft (the exceptions are purse-snatching and pocket-picking). Therefore, the Household Weight should be used for all property theft without contact and the Person Weight should be used for all purse-snatching and pocket-picking crimes. The decision of whether to use the person weight or household weight has been incorporated into the adjusted victimization weights for collection year and data year (WGTVICCY and WGTVICDY). See Glossary in Other Materials below for details on the Theft redefinition. Type of Crime Code (TOC): During 1992 Quarters 1 and 2 the type of crime (TOC) "Unwanted Sexual Contact Without Force" (code "16" V4528 and V4529) did not exist. For this TOC and related crimes, therefore, comparisons of the 1992 data with future years should be avoided. 2022 Collection Year Incident-Level Extract File File Name: 2022 Collection Year Incident-Level Extract File Contents of Files: The incident-level extract file is not the same as the incident record-type file. The incident-level extract file is a file -12- created by prepending household and person variables to incident records using the YEARQ (YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW), IDHH (NCVS ID FOR HOUSEHOLDS), and IDPER (NCVS ID FOR PERSONS) variables as match keys. For data-year formats, this file has been "bounded" to contain incidents occurring within the specific calendar year, regardless of when the interview was conducted. Under the collection-year format, the incident-level extract file is not "bounded" based on when the incidents occurred; rather, it contains incidents reported in 2022, regardless of when they occurred. Example code for creating a collection year incident-level extract file is included in Matching Files to Create the Collection Year Incident- Level Extract File in Other Materials below. Other Materials Crime Estimate Details The method of producing estimates of victimization is different depending on whether the DATA-YEAR or COLLECTION-YEAR format is used. To produce rates of victimization under the COLLECTION-YEAR format, one only needs to identify the year that the interview was conducted. Producing estimates of victimization under the DATA-YEAR format is more complicated. Under the DATA-YEAR format, adjustments must be made to account for the rotational period of the sample design and the reported date of the incident. The table below shows the relationship between collection month and the related reference months. -13- NCVS REFERENCE PERIODS FOR ANNUAL ESTIMATES REFERENCE MONTH WITHIN BOUNDING PERIOD Collection Month JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB X MAR X X APR X X X MAY X X X X JUN X X X X X JUL X X X X X X AUG X X X X X X SEP X X X X X X OCT X X X X X X NOV X X X X X X DEC X X X X X X JAN X X X X X X FEB X X X X X MAR X X X X APR X X X MAY X X JUN X The above table illustrates the collection month from which information about a given calendar or reference year may be drawn due to the six-month bounding period. For this reason, a respondent may report a victimization incident which occurred up to six months before the time of the interview. When producing DATA-YEAR victimization estimates, one must identify incidents occurring in the reference year. To identify all the incidents which occurred in a reference year, all the incidents reported as having occurred before the beginning of that year must be excluded. Also, all the incidents reported in the following year as having occurred before the end of the reference year must be identified. Under the COLLECTION-YEAR format, when the interview is conducted determines when the victimization is counted. COMMENT The following is an example calculation of crime rates for COMMENT households and persons. The example uses SPSS as the COMMENT statistics package, and the calculations are on a COMMENT collection-year basis. COMMENT For the example we assume that the household, person, and incident COMMENT record-type files have been downloaded and renamed: hh_rec2.sav, COMMENT per_rec3.sav, and incid_rec4.sav respectively. COMMENT CALCULATE HOUSEHOLD VICTIMIZATIONS AND THE HOUSEHOLD COUNT COMMENT ON A COLLECTION YEAR BASIS. -14- COMMENT Household victimization count. get file = "incid_rec4.sav". COMMENT Select only property crimes (TYPE OF CRIME > 23). select if ( V4529 > 23 ). COMMENT To be consistent with BJS publications prior to 2012, exclude series crimes. COMMENT Exclude series crimes (use for data prior to 2012 only) COMMENT V4019 - ENOUGH DETAIL TO DISTINGUISH INCIDENTS. COMMENT select if ( V4019 ne 2 or missing(V4019) ). COMMENT To be consistent with BJS publications from 2012 on (Criminal COMMENT Victimizations, 2011), include series crimes and use the syntax below. COMMENT Include up to 10 occurrences in a series crime. do if (v4019=2). recode v4016 (11 thru 996=10). end if. execute. if ( v4019 = 2 ) WGTVICCY = WGTVICCY * v4016. COMMENT To be consistent with BJS publications for all years, exclude crimes COMMENT committed outside the U.S. select if ( V4022 ne 1 or missing(V4022) ). weight by WGTVICCY. frequencies variables = V4529. COMMENT The total (13,373,327) is the number of victimizations COMMENT against households on a collection year basis. COMMENT Household count. get file = "hh_rec2.sav". weight by WGTHHCY. COMMENT Use any variable for a frequency (V2006 - HOUSEHOLD NUMBER). frequencies variables = V2006. COMMENT The total (131,259,549) is the number of households on a COMMENT collection-year basis. COMMENT Thus the victimization rate for households (per thousand COMMENT households) is: COMMENT 13,373,327 COMMENT ------------------------ = 101.9 COMMENT (131,259,549/1,000) COMMENT . COMMENT CALCULATE PERSON VICTIMIZATIONS AND THE PERSON COUNT ON A COMMENT COLLECTION-YEAR BASIS. COMMENT Person victimization count. get file = "incid_rec4.sav". -15- COMMENT Select only crimes against persons (TYPE OF CRIME <= 23). select if ( V4529 <= 23 ). COMMENT To be consistent with BJS publications prior to 2012, exclude series crimes COMMENT and crimes committed outside the U.S. COMMENT Exclude series crimes (use for data prior to 2012 only) COMMENT V4019 - ENOUGH DETAIL TO DISTINGUISH INCIDENTS. select if ( V4019 ne 2 or missing(V4019) ). COMMENT To be consistent with BJS publications from 2012 on (Criminal COMMENT Victimizations, 2011), include series crimes and use the syntax below. COMMENT Include up to 10 occurrences in a series crime. do if (v4019=2). recode v4016 (11 thru 996=10). end if. execute. if ( v4019 = 2 ) WGTVICCY = WGTVICCY * v4016. COMMENT To be consistent with BJS publications for all years, exclude crimes COMMENT committed outside the U.S. select if ( V4022 ne 1 or missing(V4022) ). weight by WGTVICCY. freq vars = V4529. COMMENT The total (6,772,351) is the number of victimizations COMMENT against persons. COMMENT Person count. get file = "per_rec3.sav". weight by WGTPERCY. COMMENT Use any variable for frequency (V3018 - SEX ALLOCATED). frequencies variables = V3018. COMMENT The total (282,304,639) is the number of persons age 12 and COMMENT older on a collection-year basis. COMMENT Thus the victimization rate for persons (per thousand COMMENT persons) is: COMMENT 6,772,351 COMMENT -------------------- = 24.0 COMMENT ( 282,304,639/1,000 ) COMMENT . INCIDENT-LEVEL EXTRACT FILE In the examples above the victimization counts were calculated using the incident record-type file. The incident- level extract file (not the same as the incident record-type file) can also be used to calculate victimizations. Data-Year Files -16- CONSTRUCTING ADDITIONAL NCVS DATA FILES - DATA-YEAR FORMAT This data collection includes 2022 NCVS data files constructed on a collection-year basis. Data-year files for the previous year - 2021 - can be constructed by using the current files, the previous year's files, and the statistical software syntax that follows. A common use of the NCVS is to estimate victimization rates. These rates can be estimated on both a collection-year and a data-year basis. For either basis this involves determining estimates of the number of households, the number of persons, and the number of household and personal victimizations. DATA-YEAR HOUSEHOLD FILE Creating a 2021 data-year household file involves concatenating the 2021 and 2022 collection-year household files, subsetting the resulting file to include only records for interviews conducted from January 2021 through June 2022, and calculating the household weight to reflect the households' time in sample. In constructing the 2021 data-year household file records from interviews conducted in January through June 2022 need to be included along with records from interviews conducted in 2021. This is because of the six-month retrospective interview period; respondents interviewed in June of 2022 may report victimizations that occurred in December 2021. The household weight needs to be constructed such that it represents the households' opportunity to report a crime incident. For example, a household interviewed in June 2022 has an opportunity to report crimes occurring in one month of 2021 - December. Whereas a household interviewed in December of 2021 has an opportunity to report crimes occurring in six months of 2021 - June through November. Variable V2116 (HOUSEHOLD WEIGHT) is adjusted to reflect the varying opportunities to report crime incidents based on the households' time in the NCVS sample. The SPSS code below is an example of how to prepare a data-year household file. --- BEGIN SPSS SYNTAX FOR CREATING A 2021 DATA-YEAR HOUSEHOLD FILE. Concatenate the 2021 and 2022 collection-year household record-type files. add files /file = "household2021CY.sav" /file = "household2022CY.sav" . The data year consists of ALL the 2021 collection-year records and the FIRST SIX MONTHS' of the 2022 collection-year records. select if ( YEARQ >= 2021.1 and YEARQ <= 2022.2 ). Adjust the six month household weight (V2116) to account for time in sample. YEARQ - YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW. V2130 - MONTH ALLOCATED FROM PANEL/ROTATION NUMBER. do if (YEARQ=2021.1 and v2130=01). compute WGTHHDY=0. else if (YEARQ=2021.1 and v2130=02). compute WGTHHDY=(V21161/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.1 and v2130=03). compute WGTHHDY=(V21162/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.2 and v2130=04). compute WGTHHDY=(V21163/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.2 and v2130=05). compute WGTHHDY=(V21164/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.2 and v2130=06). compute WGTHHDY=(V21165/12). -17- else if (YEARQ=2021.3 or YEARQ=2021.4 and (v2130=07 or v2130=08 or v2130=09 or v2130=10 or v2130=11 or v2130=12)). compute WGTHHDY=(V21166/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.1 and v2130=01). compute WGTHHDY=(V21166/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.1 and v2130=02). compute WGTHHDY=(V21165/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.1 and v2130=03). compute WGTHHDY=(V21164/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.2 and v2130=04). compute WGTHHDY=(V21163/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.2 and v2130=05). compute WGTHHDY=(V21162/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.2 and v2130=06). compute WGTHHDY=(V21161/12). end if. Save the 2021 data-year household file. The file is currently unweighted. save outfile = "household2021_DY.sav". Weight the data by the adjusted household weight. weight by WGTHHDY. Run a frequency on any variable. freq vars = V2001. NOTE - A warning message about a zero value for a weight is normal. It is not an error. RESULT: The 2021 household count on a data year basis is: 129,669,277. --- END SYNTAX. DATA-YEAR PERSON FILE Creating a 2021 data-year person file involves the same steps as described above for creating a household file. The 2021 and 2022 collection-year person files are concatenated, subsetted to include only records from January 2021 through June 2022, and the person weight calculated to reflect the households' time in sample. --- BEGIN SPSS SYNTAX FOR CREATING A 2021 DATA-YEAR PERSON FILE. Concatenate the 2021 and 2022 collection-year person record-type files. add files /file = "person2021CY.sav" /file = "person2022CY.sav" . The data year consists of ALL the 2021 collection-year records and the FIRST SIX MONTHS' of the 2022 collection-year records. select if ( YEARQ >= 2021.1 and YEARQ <= 2022.2 ). Adjust the six month person weight (V3080) to account for time in sample. YEARQ - YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW. V3025 - MONTH INTERVIEW COMPLETED. do if (YEARQ=2021.1 and V3025=01). compute WGTPERDY=0. else if (YEARQ=2021.1 and V3025=02). compute WGTPERDY=(V30801/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.1 and V3025=03). compute WGTPERDY=(V30802/12). -18- else if (YEARQ=2021.2 and V3025=04). compute WGTPERDY=(V30803/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.2 and V3025=05). compute WGTPERDY=(V30804/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.2 and V3025=06). compute WGTPERDY=(V30805/12). else if (YEARQ=2021.3 or YEARQ=2021.4 and (V3025=07 or V3025=08 or V3025=09 or V3025=10 or V3025=11 or V3025=12)). compute WGTPERDY=(V30806/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.1 and V3025=01). compute WGTPERDY=(V30806/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.1 and V3025=02). compute WGTPERDY=(V30805/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.1 and V3025=03). compute WGTPERDY=(V30804/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.2 and V3025=04). compute WGTPERDY=(V30803/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.2 and V3025=05). compute WGTPERDY=(V30802/12). else if (YEARQ=2022.2 and V3025=06). compute WGTPERDY=(V30801/12). end if. Save the 2021 data-year person file. This file is unweighted. save outfile = "person2021_DY.sav". Weight the data by the adjusted person weight. weight by WGTPERDY. Run a frequency on any variable. freq vars = V3001. NOTE - A warning message about a zero value for a weight is normal. It is not an error. RESULT: The 2021 person count on a data year basis is: 279,499,176. --- END SYNTAX. DATA-YEAR INCIDENT FILE Creating a 2021 data-year incident file is different from creating the household and person files. As with the previous examples, the 2021 and 2022 incident files are concatenated together. Unlike the previous examples, the file is not subsetted based on when the interviews were done. Rather, it is subsetted based on the year that the incidents occurred. To create a 2021 data-year incident file only incidents occurring in 2021 are selected. The collection-year victimization weight does not need to be adjusted. However, to reinforce that this is now a data-year file a new weight is created and specifically indicated data year. Victimization rates published by BJS often exclude series crimes and crimes committed outside of the U.S. This needs to be taken into consideration to tie to BJS publications. --- BEGIN SPSS SYNTAX FOR CREATING A 2021 DATA-YEAR INCIDENT FILE. Concatenate the 2021 and 2022 collection-year incident record-type files. add files /file = "incident2021CY.sav" /file = "incident2022CY.sav" . Select only incidents OCCURRING in 2021. -19- V4015 - YEAR INCIDENT OCCURRED. select if ( V4015 = 2021 ). In the subsetted file the data-year victimization weight is the same as the collection-year victimization weight. numeric WGTVICDY (F12.5). variable labels WGTVICDY "ADJUSTED VICTIMIZATION WEIGHT - DATA YEAR". compute WGTVICDY = WGTVICCY. Save the 2021 data-year incident file. This file is unweighted. save outfile = "incident2021_DY.sav". To be consistent with BJS publications prior to 2012, exclude series crimes (use only with data prior to 2012). V4019 - ENOUGH DETAIL TO DISTINGUISH INCIDENTS. select if ( V4019 ne 2 or missing(V4019) ). Exclude crimes outside the U.S. - this is a BJS convention. Do this in order to tie to BJS publications for all years. V4022 - IN WHAT CITY, TOWN, VILLAGE. select if ( V4022 ne 1 or missing(V4022) ). To be consistent with BJS publications from 2012 on (Criminal Victimizations, 2011), include series crimes and use the syntax below. Include up to 10 occurrences in a series crime. do if (v4019=2). recode v4016 (11 thru 996=10). end if. execute. if ( v4019 = 2 ) WGTVICDY = WGTVICDY v4016. Weight the data by the adjusted victimization weight. weight by WGTVICDY. Run a frequency on the TYPE OF CRIME (V4529) variable. freq vars = V4529. RESULT - The total victimization count on a data-year basis is: 15,607,478. --- END SYNTAX. DATA-YEAR INCIDENT-LEVEL EXTRACT FILE Data analysts are often interested in examining crime incidents (victimization) while taking into consideration characteristics of the person and the household. One way to do this is to prepend the household and person variables that are related to the crime incident records. This requires merging three files to create a Data-Year Incident-Level Extract File. The following example builds on the examples above. The files that are used are already data-year files. -20- Consequently the resulting extract file will be a data-year file. --- BEGIN SPSS SYNTAX FOR CREATING A 2021 DATA-YEAR INCIDENT-LEVEL EXTRACT FILE. Two merges are done. The first merges the household variables onto the person record using the YEARQ (YEAR AND QUARTER OF INTERVIEW) and IDHH (NCVS ID FOR HOUSEHOLDS) variables. In the match files statement the "table" indicates that the household file will be used as a one-to-many match. For example, a given household record may match to several person records, and the same household information will be copied onto all of the matching person records. It is possible that a household will have no matching person records. In these instances using a table specification prevents creating a new record with only household variables and no person variables. Thus the table specification copies household variables onto all of the matching person records, but it does not create a new record when there is not a match. This issue is more prominent when merging household and person variables onto crime incident records. match files /table = "household2021_DY.sav" /file = "person2021_DY.sav" /by YEARQ IDHH . Now merge the "in-process" file (denoted by the asterisk) created above with the incident record file. The table in the match files statement is the in-process file of person records with household variables prepended to them. match files /table = * /file = "incident2021_DY.sav" /by YEARQ IDHH IDPER . Save the 2021 data-year incident-level extract file. This file contains incident records where the incident occurred in

  1. Household and person variables are prepended to the incident

records. save outfile = "incident2021_DYextract.sav". Since the resulting file is incident level, it may be used to estimate victimizations just as with the previously created data-year incident file. To be consistent with BJS publications prior to 2012, exclude series crimes (use only with data prior to 2012). select if ( V4019 ne 2 or missing(V4019) ). Exclude crimes outside the U.S. - this is a BJS convention. -21- Do this in order to tie to BJS publications for all years. select if ( V4022 ne 1 or missing(V4022) ). To be consistent with BJS publications from 2012 on (Criminal Victimizations, 2011), include series crimes and use the syntax below. Include up to 10 occurrences in a series crime. do if (v4019=2). recode v4016 (11 thru 996=10). end if. execute. if ( v4019 = 2 ) WGTVICDY = WGTVICDY * v4016. Weight the data by the adjusted victimization weight. weight by WGTVICDY. Run a frequency on the TYPE OF CRIME (V4529) variable. freq vars = V4529. RESULT - The total victimization count on a data-year basis is: 15,607,478. --- END SYNTAX. Matching Files to Create the Collection Year Incident-Level Extract File COMMENT The following is an SPSS example of matching the household, COMMENT person, and incident record-type files. It shows how the COMMENT collection year incident-level extract file contained with COMMENT this dataset was constructed. COMMENT For the example we assume that the household, person, and COMMENT incident record-type files have been downloaded and renamed: COMMENT hh_rec2.sav, per_rec3.sav, and incid_rec4.sav respectively. COMMENT Match the household records onto the corresponding person COMMENT records. match files /table = "hh_rec2.sav" /file = "per_rec3.sav" /by YEARQ IDHH . COMMENT Match the resulting file onto the corresponding incident COMMENT records. match files /table = /file = "incid_rec4.sav" /by YEARQ IDHH IDPER . execute. COMMENT In the above match files statements the "table" indicates COMMENT that the specified file should be used as a one-to-many COMMENT match. For example, a given household record may match to COMMENT several person records, and the resulting household-person COMMENT records may match to several incident records. However, the COMMENT resulting household-person records may not match to any COMMENT incident records - most persons do not have crime COMMENT incidents. In those instances the "table" specification also COMMENT prevents those records from being added to the resulting COMMENT file. Hence, the resulting file will be comprised of COMMENT incident records with the household and person information -22- COMMENT prepended to them. COMMENT Recode the variable victimization weight for data year COMMENT (WGTVICDY) to zero to prevent inadvertently using it. recode WGTVICDY ( else = 0 ). COMMENT Save the resulting incident-level extract file. save outfile = "incident.sav" /keep V2001 YEARQ IDHH IDPER V2002 to TYPEINTV_TIS7 V3001 to V3098 V4001 to SERIES_IWEIGHT. COMMENT The above save command finalizes the incident-level extract COMMENT file and places the variables in a specified order. Weights Details Because the data collected by the National Crime Victimization Survey represent the total U.S. population 12 years and older, records can be weighted to produce population estimates from the sample cases. Weights are carried in survey records and are numbers which one adds or accumulates to obtain universe estimates of particular events. The final weight is a multiplier that indicates how many times a particular sample record is to be counted. Traditionally, the NCVS has provided three classes of weights -- household, personal, and incident -- and the appropriate weight to select for an analysis depends on the type of crime, victim, or unit of analysis involved. There are multiple weights within each of these three classes of weights. These weights are defined as: • HOUSEHOLD WEIGHT: This weight is attached to the household record-type file and is the weight of the "Principal Person" in the household. In husband-wife households, this is the weight for the wife, excluding the within-household non-interview adjustment (see Components Of Weights below). For other households, the household weight is that of the individual identified as owning, buying, or renting the dwelling (the "Reference Person"), excluding the within-household non-interview adjustment. This weight, after proper adjustment, is used to generate the population of households which is also used to form the denominator in the calculation of property crime rates. Household weights are V2116 and WGTHHCY. • PERSON WEIGHT: Attached to the person record-type file, this variable provides an estimate of the population represented by each person in the sample. Person weights are most frequently used to compute estimates of crime victimizations of persons in the total population. This weight, after proper adjustment, is used to generate the population of persons which is also used to form the denominator in the calculation of personal crime rates. Person weights are V3080 and WGTPERCY. • INCIDENT WEIGHT: This weight is attached to the incident record-type file. For personal crimes, it is derived by dividing the person weight of a victim by the total number of persons victimized during an incident as reported by the respondent. For property crimes, the incident weight and the household weight are the same, because the victim of a property crime is considered to be the household as a whole. The incident weight is most frequently used to compute estimates of the number of crimes committed against a particular class of victim (e.g., by victim race or Hispanic origin, age, or sex). VICTIMIZATION, HOUSEHOLD, AND PERSON WEIGHTS The sample weights V2116 (household weight) and V3080 (person weight) included with the data have been constructed by the U.S. Census Bureau to be representative of the national household and population age 12 or older at the time of interview. Since the sample is interviewed every six months, the sample weights must be adjusted for use in creating annual estimates to reflect the average population size during the entire reference year. The resulting adjusted weights are WGTHHCY (adjusted household weight) and WGTPERCY (adjusted person weight). In addition, the value of the victimization weight depends on whether the crime is against a household or a person. Six weights are included with the data that have all of the relevant adjustments incorporated to create national estimates of victimization, household counts, and person counts. Refer to the NCVS Technical Documentation (www.bjs.gov) for a detailed description of how each weight is created. Table 1 shows the distribution of these six weights. -23- Table 1: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Weight Distributions Weight Min 1st Quartile Mean Median 3rd Quartile Max Sum WGTPERCY 98 682 1,244 1,065 1,599 12,109 282,304,639 Person Victimization (SERIES_WEIGHT) 309 1,337 3,113 2,194 3,468 60,908 6,786,936 Person Incident (SERIES_IWEIGHT) 65 1,240 2,932 2,004 3,356 43,069 6,392,133 WGTHHCY 83 533 913 796 1,215 5,326 131,259,549 Household Victimization (SERIES_WEIGHT) 197 980 1,823 1,466 2,378 47,798 13,426,686 Household Incident (SERIES_IWEIGHT) 197 980 1,823 1,466 2,378 47,798 13,426,686 Source: U.S. Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. Victimization and incident weights can be larger than sample unit weights because they are for different time periods. Each household and person is counted once per year, while victimizations are measured separately across the two six month periods. Therefore, the unbounded victimization weights are twice as large as the household and person weights for each individual sample unit. Incident weights are equal to victimization weights unless the crime incident involved more than one person – a concept that only applies to personal crimes. It does not apply to household crimes because the victim of a household crime is counted as one victim: the affected household. The weighted sums represent the total person/household populations and total number of victimizations and incidents. The variables WGTVICCY is the adjusted victimization weight for collection year. This weight is included on the incident record-type file and used to calculate an estimate of victimizations. In a calculation of victimization rate this weight is used to determine the numerator. WGTVICCY is not adjusted for series crimes. The variable WGTHHCY is the adjusted household weight for collection year. This weight is included on the household record-type file and used to calculate an estimate of households covered by the NCVS. In a calculation of HOUSEHOLD victimization rate - which requires selecting only crimes against households (property crimes) - this weight is used to determine the denominator. The variable WGTPERCY is the adjusted person weight for the collection year. This weight is included on the person record-type file and used to calculate an estimate of persons covered by the NCVS. In a calculation of PERSON victimization rate - which requires selecting only crimes against persons (violent crimes and personal larceny) - this weight is used to determine the denominator. Adjusted household and person weights, included on the household and person record-type files respectively, will be zero in certain circumstances. Noninterviewed households and persons will have zero weight for both collection year and data year. In addition, the adjusted household and person weights for the COLLECTION YEAR will be zero for the last six months of the 18 month period that makes up an individual NCVS data year. This is because the collection year only includes the 12 months of interviews that occurred during the calendar year. The adjusted victimization weight, included on the incident record-type file, for COLLECTION YEAR (WGTVICCY) will be zero for the last six months of the 18 month period that makes up an individual NCVS data year. Again, this is because the collection year only includes the 12 months of interviews conducted during the calendar year. In the incident record-type file, WGTVICCY will be greater than zero for the 12 months of the calendar year and zero for the remaining six months. Under the collection-year format, victimizations are counted based on when the interview occurred not on when the incident occurred, and they are counted for the 12 calendar months of interviews. In the incident record-type file, the adjusted victimization weight for DATA YEAR will be zero in some circumstances. Under the data-year format a victimization is counted based on the year the crime incident -24- actually occurred, not when the interview was conducted. Consequently, if an interview was conducted in February 2022 and a crime was reported as having occurred in October 2021, then the value of WGTVICDY for 2022 will be zero. However, the weight will be greater than zero for the 2021 data year. The adjusted household, person, and victimization weights were added to the NCVS data so that analysts would not need to compute them directly. Those interested in the calculations necessary to compute the adjusted weights should refer to the NCVS Resource Guide. The resource guide also contains victimization, household, and person counts for collection-year and data-year formats. An example of calculating crime rates using weighted counts of victimizations, households, and persons is included in the Crime Estimate Details section of this documentation. SERIES INCIDENTS WEIGHTING BJS uses victimization weight in reports to account for the number of persons present during an incident and for repeat victims of series incidents. Incidents are distinguished from victimizations in that one criminal incident may have multiple victims or victimizations. SERIES_WEIGHT is the victimization weight adjusted for series crimes. SERIES_IWEIGHT is the incident weight adjusted for series crimes. The weight counts series incidents/victimizations as the actual number of incidents/victimizations reported by the victim, up to a maximum of 10 incidents/victimizations. Series victimizations/incidents are similar in type but occur with such frequency that a victim is unable to recall each individual event or describe each event in detail (for example, intimate partner violence or domestic violence may be a series victimization). Survey procedures allow NCVS interviewers to identify and classify these similar victimizations/incidents as series and to collect detailed information on only the most recent incident in the series. In 2022, about 1.5% of all victimizations and 3.3% of all violent victimizations were series incidents. Weighting series incidents/victimizations as the number of incidents/victimizations up to a maximum of 10 produces more reliable estimates of crime levels, while the cap at 10 minimizes the effect of extreme outliers on the rates (see code for weight in the Crime Estimate Details section of this documentation). Additional information on the series enumeration is detailed in the report Methods for Counting High Frequency Repeat Victimizations in the National Crime Victimization Survey, NCJ 237308, BJS website, April 2012, http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/mchfrv.pdf. USE OF WEIGHTED V. UNWEIGHTED DATA BJS analyses of NCVS data typically utilize weighted data. However, analysts have used both weighted and unweighted data to examine victimization-related research questions. Generally, using weighted data increases variance, but decreases sampling bias and bias that is introduced through unequal probabilities of selection and observation. Weighted data are more typically used to compute representative population estimates of victimization dynamics and to compare victimization patterns over time. Unweighted data have been used to develop and explore predictive models of victimization. However, the analyst must assume that the model is insensitive to small temporal variations in the composition of the NCVS sample and reporting rates and that variables in the model are unrelated to time, if multiple years of data are utilized (see Weighting And Deriving Longitudinally Representative Data below). COMPONENTS OF WEIGHTS The final weight (household, V2116; person, V3080; or incident, SERIES_IWEIGHT) adjusts for unequal probabilities of selection and observation, and for known age, sex, and race ratios based on the Adjusted Decennial Census Population Totals. Specifically, the final person and incident weights are the product of the values of the following six components weights. Household weights exclude the within-household non-interview adjustment.

  1. BASE WEIGHT: The inverse of the national sampling rate for the stratum of that unit (person or

household).

  1. WEIGHTING CONTROL FACTOR: Adjusts for any sub-sampling due to unexpected events in the field,

such as new construction, area segments larger than anticipated, and other deviations from the overall stratum sampling rate.

  1. HOUSEHOLD NON-INTERVIEW ADJUSTMENT: Adjusts for nonresponse at the household-level by

increasing the weights of interviewed households most similar to households not interviewed in terms of -25- race, MSA status of residence, and urban/suburban/rural status of residence. This inflates the weight value assigned to interviewed households so that they represent themselves and non-interviewed households. The non-interviewed cases are assigned a weight of zero, thereby excluding them from population estimates.

  1. WITHIN-HOUSEHOLD NON-INTERVIEW ADJUSTMENT: Adjusts for non-response at the person-level

by increasing the weight of interviewed persons most similar to persons not interviewed in terms of region, age, race, sex, and household composition. The adjustment inflates the weight value assigned to completed interviews, so that they represent themselves and sampled individuals who were not interviewed. The non-interviewed cases are assigned a weight of zero.

  1. FIRST STAGE RATIO ESTIMATES FACTOR: Adjusts for differences between characteristics of the

sample non-self-representing (NSR) primary sampling units (PSUs) and independent measures of the population NSR PSUs. (For self-representing PSUs this factor is set to 1). This factor adjusts for PSU differences on region, MSA status, urban/suburban/rural status, and racial composition.

  1. SECOND STAGE RATIO ESTIMATE FACTOR: A post-stratification factor defined for each person to

adjust for the difference between weighted counts of persons (using the above five weight components) and independent estimates of the number of persons, within certain age by race by sex categories. These independent estimates are based on the Census population controls adjusted for the undercount. The weights discussed above (household, V2116; person, V3080; and incident, SERIES_IWEIGHT) are not the same as the adjusted household, person, and victimization weights. The adjusted weights, both collection-year and data-year versions, were calculated using V2116 and V3080 as necessary. It is the adjusted weights for households, persons, and victimizations (WGTHHCY, WGTHHDY, WGTPERCY, WGTPERDY, WGTVICCY, and WGTVICDY) that should be used to directly calculate counts of households, persons, and victimizations on either a collection-year or data-year basis. WEIGHTING AND DERIVING LONGITUDINALLY REPRESENTATIVE DATA Not only are weights useful for calculating cross-sectional estimates, but they play a crucial role in ensuring that any analysis of NCVS data over time is accurate. When the analyst plans to compare NCVS data across time, it is important to bear in mind the following cautions regarding the use of weights and unweighted data: The NCVS sample size has fluctuated over the years, particularly during the phase-in period of the NCVS questionnaire. (During the completion of the NCVS phase-in during 1993, the number of sample cases also changed monthly from January to June.) Consequently, attempts to compare unweighted cases across years may produce artifactual differences that are due to variations in sample size and not to any underlying temporal changes in victimization patterns. Weights compensate for these variations in sample size across years. Any attempt to compare victimization counts and patterns across time should utilize weighted data to eliminate sample size variation as a confounding factor in the analysis. Although the NCVS has a rotating panel design, it is important to recognize that NCVS weights are cross- sectional, not longitudinal. That is, they are intended to provide estimates that are representative of the population of individuals and households at the time an interview was taken. They do not adjust for changes in the composition of any panel of NCVS respondents over time or for panel attrition and should not be used for this purpose in any analysis that involves controlling for these changes to a panel. Variance Details DIRECT VARIANCE CALCULATION Although generalized variance functions are useful for calculating population estimates of NCVS data, they are not well adapted to more complex statistical modeling and testing. A number of methods for calculating variances for complex sample designs directly from the data have been developed over the last decade, and these are better suited for statistical modeling. However, data files must provide either clustering information or "pseudo-strata" that will allow the dataset to be subsetted for multiple "replicate" calculations. NCVS public use files have been updated to provide variables containing pseudo-strata and half sample coding - V2117 and V2118. With this enhancement, software can now be used with the public use data files to calculate direct variances. Additional information can be found in the User's Guide to National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Direct Variance Estimation. GENERALIZED VARIANCES -26- The 2022 data files contain 8 sets of replicate weights:

  1. HHREPWGT1-HHREPWGT160 (6-month household replicate weights)
  2. HHREPWGTCY1-HHREPWGTCY160 (household replicate weights adjusted for 12-month collection

period)

  1. PERREPWGT1-PERREPWGT160 (6-month person replicate weights)
  2. PERREPWGTCY1-PERREPWGTCY160 (person replicate weights adjusted for 12-month collection

period)

  1. SERIESINCREPWGT1-SERIESINCREPWGT160 (series incident replicate weights)
  2. SERIESVICREPWGT1-SERIESVICREPWGT160 (series victimization replicate weights)
  3. INCREPWGT1-INCREPWGT160 (non-series incident replicate weights)
  4. VICREPWGT1-VICREPWGT160 (non-series victimization replicate weights)

Generalized variance functions (GVF) provide a simple way to estimate the variance of any NCVS estimate based on the value of the estimate. The Census Bureau creates GVF parameters by fitting all NCVS estimates to a model that predicts the relative variance of the crime rate as a function of the crime rate. The methodology used to form the replicate weights is not traditional orthogonal replicates, but instead uses Fay’s methodology. This requires an additional adjustment option in statistical software packages in order to accurately calculate standard errors. Example syntax code in SUDAAN is as follows - REPWGT HHREPWGTCY1-HHREPWGTCY160/ADJFAY=4; Example syntax code in SAS is as follows - VARMETHOD=BRR(Fay); WEIGHT WGTHHCY; repweights HHREPWGTCY1-HHREPWGTCY160; Before the 1992 NCVS redesign implementation, a set of standard errors was estimated using the Taylor Expansion Method and was generalized to be applicable to all survey estimates. Generalized curves were produced from subsets of computed standard errors, and formulae developed for these curves, which would allow analysts to calculate the standard error of any survey estimate. These formulae and the constant applicable for each year and general domain of crime have been provided for each year of published NCS data. In the 1992-1997 NCVS data, a Jackknife Repeated Replication procedure was used to estimate standard errors, and a new set of formulae and constants was provided to calculate standard errors. Study of NCVS data had determined that the design effect was not constant across all survey estimates and that the new procedures provided a more accurate method for computing standard errors. Beginning in 1998, a Balanced Repeated Replication procedure was used to estimate standard errors. During GVF calculations, estimates are removed from processing if they have absolute studentized residuals above 3.0 and absolute measure of influence (DFFITS) values above 0.22. A complete list of estimates that were removed from the data during iterative GVF modeling is included in the Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. Four formulae are available to calculate the appropriate standard error, depending on the type of estimate involved. Each formula requires the analyst to use a set of constants that varies between year and domain of crime. Table 2 presents the current and two previous years' NCVS GVF parameters for overall and domain estimates of person and property crimes. -27- Comparisons of direct and GVF variance estimates of household and person victimizations are also included in the Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. The GVF parameters perform reasonably well for small estimates, but tend to overestimate the variance for larger estimates. This is most notable in the person domain estimates. When making comparisons to estimates from previous years, use the year-to-year correlation coefficients in Appendix A of the Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. Refer to the NCVS Technical Documentation for more on how to use GVF parameters and correlation coefficients to estimate variances. The 2013 NCVS Technical Documentation also includes GVFs for years 2008 to 2013. Additional information can be found in the NCVS Technical Documentation on the BJS website, www.bjs.gov. Questionnaire Details QUESTIONNAIRE PARTS Rather than asking a simple yes/no question ("Have you been victimized by crime?"), the NCVS questionnaire is made up of two parts: the "Screening Section" and the "Incident Report." The Screening Section describes criminal incidents using everyday language in order to ascertain whether the respondent has been victimized during the six months prior to interview. Any positive responses are followed by an Incident Report, a series of detailed questions on the incident itself. The screening section is a series of questions and cues describing various behaviors and features of a criminal incident. For example, to elicit reports of aggravated assault one screen question asks: "Has anyone attacked or threatened you in any of these ways: with any weapon, for instance, a gun or knife; with anything like a baseball bat, frying pan, scissors, or stick, by something thrown, such as a rock or bottle..." Because the NCVS measures both property and personal crime, a separate Screening Section is administered for each. The Household Respondent (see Glossary) is asked to report on crimes against the household as a whole (e.g. burglary, motor vehicle theft) as well as personal crimes against him/herself. Other members of the household are asked only about personal crimes, although if they report crimes against the household not already reported by the Household Respondent an Incident Report is filled out. If any Household or Individual screen question elicits a positive response, an Incident Report is filled out to gather details of the victimization. The incident report is designed to obtain detailed data on the characteristics and circumstances of the victimization. Items such as time and place of occurrence, injuries suffered, medical Table 2: National Crime Victimization Survey Generalized Variance Function Parameters Year Parameter Set # Description a b c 2022 1 Overall Person Crime Estimates -0.00017101 5,590 2.541 2 Person Crime Domain Estimates -0.00038364 3,991 6.208 3 Overall Property Crime Estimates -0.00012374 2,536 1.196 4 Property Crime Domain Estimates -0.00012797 2,767 1.225 2021 1 Overall Person Crime Estimates -0.00030659 2,185 4.992 2 Person Crime Domain Estimates -0.00049937 1,913 8.229 3 Overall Property Crime Estimates -0.00009503 2,761 0.838 4 Property Crime Domain Estimates -0.00012910 2,601 1.239 2020 1 Overall Person Crime Estimates -0.00026442 6,177 4.039 2 Person Crime Domain Estimates -0.00068320 2,338 11.25 3 Overall Property Crime Estimates -0.00013449 2,998 1.256 4 Property Crime Domain Estimates -0.00015281 2,890 1.473 Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from 2020-2022 National Crime Victimization Survey interviews. -28- expenses incurred, number, age, race, and sex of offenders, relationship of offenders to victim (stranger, casual acquaintance, relative, etc.), and other detailed data relevant to a complete description of the incident are included in the report. This information is used during subsequent computer processing to determine whether the incident fits into one of the crimes within the scope of the survey and to place the incident in the appropriate category (see Glossary for NCVS Crime Classification Schemes and Crimes). FIELD REPRESENTATIVES Field representatives' (FRs) instructions are explicit and detailed concerning the administration of the questionnaires, adherence to question wording, and the use of probes. The questions and all short cues accompanying the questions are read in full. Field representatives are instructed to read these questions and cues only, and offer response categories only as a last resort. Field representatives are explicitly instructed to avoid reading the answer categories for the question, "How were you threatened?" if at all possible. Residue is used in the codebook documentation to designate those cases where the respondent could not or did not provide an answer, or for some reason the response given did not fall into the predetermined categories. Field representatives receive extensive training prior to any field work. The quality of interviewing is maintained by periodic direct observation of all field representatives, office edits of completed work, and verification of their work by re-interviewing a sample of completed sample units. FRs also measure errors in coverage of the population resulting from missing units, incorrect address listing, etc. The Bureau of the Census circulates a series of periodic updates dealing with the field procedures followed by the National Crime Victimization Survey field representatives. Census Sample Information and NCVS Rotation Chart Census Sample Information and NCVS Rotation Chart The NCVS is a panel, or longitudinal, survey in which persons in each housing unit or GQ are interviewed every six months, for a total of seven interviews. The NCVS interviews are conducted continuously throughout the year in a design that divides the NCVS sample into seven rotating groups. Within each of the seven rotating groups, six panels are designated, each of which is interviewed in a given month and every six months thereafter, either in-person or by telephone, for a total of seven interviews. New sample units rotate into the sample on an ongoing basis to replace outgoing households that have been in sample for the 3-year period. The rotation chart in Figure 2 illustrates the sampling and interviewing schedule for eighteen months of NCVS interviewing. The years along the top indicate when the sample was selected, and the years and months along the left side are when the sample cases are interviewed. The two-digit numbers represent the panel and rotation numbers assigned to each sample unit at the time of sampling. In July through December 2019, for example, 2015 rotation 5 cases were removed from the sample and 2018 rotation 5 cases were added to the sample. Sample cases in panel 3 within 2018 rotation 5 (the two-digit number 35 in the 2018 column) began interviewing in September 2019, are interviewed again in March 2020, and will interview every six months until their seventh and final interviews September 2022 (not pictured). -29- Figure 2. NCVS Rotation Chart for January 2019 through June 2020 Interview Year and Month Sampling Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2019 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 15 16- 25 26- 35 36- 45 46- 55 56- 65 66- 17 11- 27 21- 37 31- 47 41- 57 51- 67 61- 12 13- 22 23- 32 33- 42 43- 52 53- 62 63- 14 24 34 44 54 64 JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 16- 26- 36- 46- 56- 66- 17 11- 27 21- 37 31- 47 41- 57 51- 67 61- 12 13- 22 23- 32 33- 42 43- 52 53- 62 63- 14 15 24 25 34 35 44 45 54 55 64 65 2020 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 17 11- 27 21- 37 31- 47 41- 57 51- 67 61- 12 13- 22 23- 32 33- 42 43- 52 53- 62 63- 14 15 24 25 34 35 44 45 54 55 64 65 16 26 36 46 56 66 Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Crime Victimization Survey, 2016 Measuring Rape and Sexual Assault In 2016, The Government Accountability Office (GAO) issued findings and recommendations from study 16-546, “Sexual Violence Data: Actions Needed to Improve Clarity and Address Differences Across Federal Data Collection Efforts.” A key recommendation was that in order to enhance the clarity and transparency of sexual violence data, federal agencies should ensure that details about the survey items used to generate these estimates are made publicly available. This section describes the variables that feed into the NCVS measures of rape and sexual assault obtained in variable v4529 (Type of Crime (TOC) Code, NEW). When classifying a crime as a rape or sexual assault, the Census Bureau assign the codes in a specific order of importance. Codes 1-4 (rape or sexual assault categories) are assigned first, and then codes 5-14 are assigned (in no particular order) before codes 15-16 (rape or sexual assault categories) are assigned. Finally, code 17 is assigned before codes 18-19 (rape or sexual assault categories) are assigned. Because of this specificity and detail in assigning codes, a user may not get the same TOC as what the Census Bureau came up with. Variable Name and Value Description TOC 1 – Completed Rape IFV4045 =1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4094 = 1 How attacked? = Rape OR V4112 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Rape injuries THEN V4529 = 1 Completed rape TOC 2 – Attempted Rape IF V4045 =1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4095 = 1 How attacked? = Attempted rape OR -30- V4113 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Attempted rape injuries OR V4078 = 1 How threatened? = Verbal threat of rape THEN V4529 = 2 Attempted rape TOC 3 – Sexual Attack with Serious Assault IF V4045 = 1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4096 =1 How attacked? = Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape OR V4114 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape OR V4082 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) OR V4083 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact without force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) OR V4050 = 1 What was the weapon? = Any weapon type OR V4050 = 3 What was the weapon? = Indicates weapon but no weapon type was provided OR V4050 = 7 What was the weapon? = Indicates weapon but no other specify was provided OR V4119 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Knocked unconscious OR V4120 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Bruises, black eye, cuts, scratches, swelling, chipped teeth AND V4138 >= 2 and <= 200 Hospital? = Hospital stay between 2-200 days THEN V4529 = 3 Sexual attack with serious assault TOC 4 – Sexual Attack with Minor Assault V4045 = 1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4096 = 1 How attacked? = Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape OR V4114 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape OR V4082 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) OR V4083 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact without force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) AND V4119 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Knocked unconscious OR V4120 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Bruises, black eye, cuts, scratches, swelling, chipped teeth OR V4110 = 1 Injuries suffered? = Indicated injury but did not specify injury type OR V4082 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) OR V4083 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact without force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) AND V4089 = 1 How threatened? = Followed or surrounded OR V4090 = 1 How threatened? = Tried to hit, slap, knock down, grab, hold, trip, jump, push, etc. THEN -31- V4529 = 4 Sexual attack with minor assault TOC 15 – Sexual Assault without Injury V4045 = 1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4096 = 1 How attacked? = Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape OR V4082 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) THEN V4529 = 15 Sexual assault without injury TOC 16 – Unwanted Sexual Contact without Force (classified as sexual assault) V4045 = 1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4083 = 1 How threatened? = Unwanted sexual contact without force THEN V4529 = 16 Unwanted sexual contact without force TOC 18 – Verbal Threat of Rape (classified as rape) V4045 = 1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4078 = 1 How threatened? = Verbal threat of rape THEN V4529 = 18 Verbal threat of rape TOC 19 – Verbal Threat of Sexual Assault (classified as sexual assault) V4045 = 1 Victim present? = Yes AND V4081 = 1 How threatened? = Verbal threat of sexual assault other than rape THEN V4529 = 19 Verbal threat of sexual assault NCVS measurement of rape or sexual assault The NCVS uses a two-stage measurement approach in the screening and classification of criminal victimization, including rape or sexual assault. In the first stage of screening, survey respondents are administered a series of short-cue screening questions designed to help respondents think about different experiences they may have had during the reference period. (See NCVS-1 at https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/ncvs22_bsq.pdf) This design improves respondents’ recall of events, particularly for incidents that may not immediately come to mind as crimes, such as those committed by family members and acquaintances. Respondents who answer affirmatively to any of the short-cue screening items are subsequently administered a crime incident report (CIR) designed to classify incidents into specific crime types. (See NCVS-2 at https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/ncvs22_cir.pdf) First stage of measurement. Two short-cue screening questions are specifically designed to target sexual violence:

  1. Other than any incidents already mentioned, has anyone attacked or threatened you in any of these

ways— a. with any weapon, such as a gun or knife b. with anything like a baseball bat, frying pan, scissors, or stick c. by something thrown, such as a rock or bottle d. by grabbing, punching, or choking e. any rape, attempted rape, or other types of sexual attack f. any face-to-face threats g. any attack or threat or use of force by anyone at all? Please mention it even if you are not -32- certain it was a crime.

  1. Incidents involving forced or unwanted sexual acts are often difficult to talk about. Other than any

incidents already mentioned, have you been forced or coerced to engage in unwanted sexual activity by— a. someone you did not know b. a casual acquaintance c. someone you know well? Respondents may screen into a CIR if they respond affirmatively to another short-cue screening question. For instance, a separate screening question cues respondents to think of attacks or threats that took place in specific locations, such as at home, work, or school. Respondents who recall a sexual victimization that occurred at home, work, or school and answer affirmatively would be administered a CIR even if they did not respond affirmatively to the screening question targeting sexual violence. Second stage of measurement. The CIR is used to collect information on the attributes of each incident. The key attributes of sexual violence that are used to classify a victimization as a rape or sexual assault are the type of attack and physical injury suffered. Victims are asked if “the offender hit you, knock[ed] you down, or actually attack[ed] you in any way;” if “the offender TR[IED] to attack you;” or if “the offender THREATEN[ED] you with harm in any way?” The survey participant is classified as a victim of rape or sexual assault if he or she responds affirmatively to one of these three questions and then responds that the completed, attempted, or threatened attack was— • rape • attempted rape • sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape • verbal threat of rape • verbal threat of sexual assault other than rape • unwanted sexual contact with force (e.g., grabbing or fondling) • unwanted sexual contact without force (e.g., grabbing or fondling). If the victim selects one of these response options to describe the attack, he or she is also classified as a victim of rape or sexual assault if the injuries suffered as a result of the incident are described as— • rape • attempted rape • sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape Coercion. The CIR does not ask respondents if psychological coercion was used, nor make any reference to the victim being unable to provide consent (e.g., in incidents involving drugs or alcohol use). One screening question targeted to rape and sexual assault asks respondents if force or coercion was used to initiate unwanted sexual activity. The final classification of incidents by the CIR results in the following definitions of rape and sexual assault used in the NCVS: Rape. Coerced or forced sexual intercourse. Forced sexual intercourse means vaginal, anal, or oral penetration by the offender(s). This category could include incidents where the penetration was from a foreign object such as a bottle. It includes attempted rape, threatened rape, male and female victims, and both heterosexual and same- sex incidents. Sexual assault. A wide range of victimizations, separate from rape, attempted rape, or threatened rape. These crimes include attacks or threatened attacks involving unwanted sexual contact between the victim and offender. Sexual assaults may or may not involve force and include such things as grabbing or fondling. -33- Glossary This glossary describes definitions and procedures currently employed in the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). These definitions and procedures reflect a major redesign of the survey implemented in two stages: "Near-Term" changes and "Long-Term" changes. Generally, the "Near-Term" changes refer to improvements made to the Crime Incident Report and implemented in 1986. The "Long-Term" changes refer to improvements made to the Screening Section that were fully implemented in 1993 and where "Long-Term" changes created a break in series by affecting the likelihood that a victimization would be reported. Data collected before this break are referred to as NCS, and data gathered afterwards as NCVS. Specific changes are noted (by "NCS NOTE" and "NCVS NOTE") where relevant and indicate when the changes were implemented in the field. See NCVS Redesign document in the NCVS Resource Guide for a description of why and how these changes were made. A ADDRESS SEGMENT See: Segment AGE Age is determined by asking the respondent for month, day, and year of birth. From this birth date, the field representative determines the respondent's age as of the last day of the month previous to the interview month. The respondent is asked to verify the calculated age. This age is used to determine a respondent's eligibility for the survey according to the following rules:

  1. under 12: not interviewed (though the number of such children living in the household is asked of the

household respondent)

  1. 12 and older: universe for interviews
  2. 16 and older: additional questions are asked

NCS NOTE: Prior to July, 1986, 12- and 13-year-olds were interviewed by proxy respondent (a respondent who answers questions for another person). As of July 1986, respondents age 12 and older are interviewed directly, unless they are ill or otherwise unavailable, or a knowledgeable adult objects to the interviewing of 12and 13- year-olds in the household. See also: Interview, Type of ASSAULT The NCVS defines assault as an unlawful physical attack, whether aggravated or simple, upon a person. It includes attempted assaults with or without a weapon, but excludes rape, attempted rape, and sexual assaults (these are categorized separately). Assaults also exclude attacks involving theft or attempted theft (these are classified as robbery). Severity of assaults are classified into two major sub-categories:

  1. Simple Assault: an attack without a weapon resulting either in minor injury (e.g., bruises, black eyes,

cuts, scratches, swelling) or an undetermined injury requiring less than two days of hospitalization. It also includes attempted assault without a weapon and verbal threats of assault.

  1. Aggravated Assault: an attack or attempted attack with a weapon, regardless of whether or not an injury

occurred, and attack without a weapon when serious injury results. Serious injury includes broken bones, loss of teeth, internal injuries, loss of consciousness, and any injury requiring two or more days of hospitalization. See also: Rape, Sexual Assault, Crimes, Robbery ARMED FORCES See: Military Status ATTACK -34- Some form of actual physical contact between the victim and the offender. If something was thrown at the victim but did not hit him/her or if s/he was shot at but not struck by the bullet, s/he is not considered to have been attacked, but threatened. See also: Threat ATTEMPT Definitions of attempted crimes vary by type of crime. See entries for individual crimes for definition. AUTO THEFT See: Motor Vehicle Theft B BASIC SCREEN QUESTIONNAIRE A set of questions used to elicit reports of crimes against the household and its members (for a list of the types of crimes measured by the NCVS, see CRIMES). The screening is also used to obtain characteristics of the household and individual household members 12 years of age and older. The screen questionnaire is composed of several types of items:

  1. Cover page for household identification items (e.g.: address, segment number) and general information

(e.g.: number of members in the household, type of living quarters)

  1. Personal characteristics items for obtaining general information on persons (e.g.: age, marital status,

sex, race)

  1. Household screen questions, asked only of the Household Respondent, to elicit information on whether

any property crimes were committed during the reference period

  1. Individual screen questions, asked of all household members 12 and older including the Household

Respondent, to elicit information on whether any crimes against individual household members were committed during the reference period

  1. Questions dealing with household and individual vulnerability to crime.

The household and individual screen questions are designed to describe all crimes within the scope of the NCVS using everyday language (not legal or technical definitions). Multiple examples of features likely to accompany a criminal incident are provided as cues to jar respondents' memories and to provide a more complete picture of the kinds of incidents included in the survey. If a respondent answers yes to any of the screen questions or cues, a complete Incident Report is filled out and the crime is classified according to the NCVS Crime Classification scheme. See also: Household Screen Questions, Individual Screen Questions, Questionnaire Forms, Interviewing Sequence, NCVS Crime Classification NCVS NOTE: Beginning in January 1993, significant changes to the household and individual screen sections were implemented. See the NCVS Redesign document in the NCVS Resource Guide for a discussion of these changes. BOUNDING PROCEDURE A technique used in the NCVS to establish a reference point during the first interview to avoid recording duplicate reports of incidents in subsequent interviews. The first interview conducted at the household is considered a bounding interview. Data collected from this interview do not become part of the final dataset but are compared with incidents reported in the second interview. If the interviewer determines that a newly-reported incident is the same incident that has already been reported in the bounding interview, the incident is eliminated. Incidents reported in this second interview then become the new reference point for comparison with incidents reported in the third interview, and so on. NCVS NOTE: Reporting procedures have been slightly modified. Previously, interviewers collected information on -35- incidents only within the 6-month reference period which ends on the last day of the month preceding the interview if respondents reported very recent incidents -- those that occurred after the reference period ended but before the interview actually took place -- details on the incident were not recorded at that time but during the subsequent interview. Deferring the Incident Report may have resulted in less accurate recall during the subsequent interview. To address this concern, NCVS procedures were modified to allow an Incident Report to be filled out even if the crime occurred after the 6-month reference period. Data on these incidents are held and tabulated along with data from the subsequent interview. NOTE: In the NCS National Samples of 1972 and the first half of 1973, the first-time interviews were unbounded. Bounded interviews started in January 1973 and July 1973 for the first rotation groups; thus, by July 1973, bounded interviews were being conducted in all returning rotation groups. Because of the large number of unbounded interviews, the 1972 National Sample files have not been released. Before 2007, the initial interview for a person or sample unit was excluded from the estimates. This interview was unbounded, meaning it did not have a prior interview to frame the reference period. In order to minimize over- reporting, the first interview was not used in estimates and was only used as a bounding interview for the second interview. For budgetary reasons, since January 2007, the bounding interview has been included in the computation of annual estimates. A bounding weighting adjustment is applied to compensate for the use of the first interview and the potential inclusion of victimizations that are out of the reference period. New construction cases and replacement households entering the sample during the second through seventh interview are not bounded, and do not receive the bounding weighting adjustment. See also: Sample Rotation, Reference Period BURGLARY One of the six major types of crimes covered by the NCVS, burglary is unlawful or forcible entry or attempted entry of a residence. This crime usually, but not always, involves theft. The illegal entry may be by force, such as breaking a window or slashing a screen, or may be without force by entering through an unlocked door or an open window. As long as the person entering has no legal right to be present in the structure, a burglary has occurred. Furthermore, the structure need not be the house itself for a burglary to take place; illegal entry of a garage, shed, or any other structure on the premises also constitutes household burglary. If breaking and entering occurs in a hotel or vacation residence, it is still classified as a burglary for the household whose member or members were staying there at the time the entry occurred. See also: Crimes, Forcible Entry, Unlawful Entry Without Force, Attempted Forcible Entry C CENTRAL CITY The incorporated city (or cities) which is central to an urbanized area and/or a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). It is bounded by city limits. A central city or the combined central cities must have a population of 50,000 or more. See also: Urbanized Area, Metropolitan Statistical Area, Place Description Code CHECK DIGIT In the NCVS National Sample, the check digit is computed on the nine digits of the sample number PSU, and segment number. The check digit is part of the control number which uniquely identifies a sample unit. See also: Control Number Since July 1986, the five elements of the control number have been scrambled to preserve confidentiality. CHILDREN UNDER 12, CRIMES AGAINST Because of the complexity of the NCVS questionnaire and the standardized interviewing procedures, crimes against children under 12 are not measured by the NCVS. In keeping with NCVS crime definitions, however, there is one exception: if items belonging to a child were stolen and there was no contact between the offender and a household member, the incident is treated as a property crime, provided the incident occurred at or near the parent's place of residence. -36- CLASS OF WORKER The employment status of a respondent. Categories include:

  1. Private Employee: persons who work for a private employer for wages, salary, commission, tips, piece-

rates, or pay in kind. This applies regardless of the occupation at which the employee worked, whether general manager, file clerk, or porter. Also includes persons working for pay for settlement houses, churches, unions, and other private non-profit organizations.

  1. Government Employee: persons who work for any branch of federal, state or local governments. This

includes persons who were elected to paid federal offices and members of the Armed Forces. It also includes employees of international organizations and employees of foreign governments.

  1. Self-Employed: persons who work for profit or fees in own business, farm, shop, office, etc. This does

not apply to managers, superintendents, or other executives hired to manage a business.

  1. Working Without Pay: persons working without pay on a farm or business operated by a related member

of the household. Room and board and a cash allowance are not counted as pay for these family workers; however, if the worker receives money which is definitely considered to be wages for work performed, he or she should be considered a private employee. See also: Industry Code, Occupation Code CLOSEOUT This refers to the time period in which either interviewers or the regional offices try to obtain interviews from non- interviewed persons prior to transmitting the questionnaire data for keying. CLUSTER A group of four housing units. Clustering is done so that selected sample units are in relatively close geographic proximity in order for interviews to be carried out in an efficient manner. Because of this clustering, the variance estimates are slightly larger than they would be if the sample design used a simple random sample selection scheme within the sample PSUs. See: Segment COLLECTION QUARTER A calendar quarter of the year (three months) during which interviews are conducted in the NCVS. For example, the first collection quarter consists of interviews conducted in January, February, and March. The six-month reference period for the January interviews is July 1 through December 31. The reference period for February interviews is August 1 through January 31, and so on. Because the reference period is six months long and because interviews are bounded (see "Bounding" above), 18 months of data collection (or 6 Collection Quarters) are necessary to yield one full year's worth of (bounded) data under the DATA-YEAR format. See also: Reference Period, Bounding Procedure (NCVS Note) COMPLETE SAMPLE FILES NCVS Data files containing data for both interviewed and non-interviewed households, victims and non-victims. The files are hierarchical in structure, consisting of four record types:

  1. Address ID records
  2. Household records
  3. Person records
  4. Incident records (including series incidents)

The National Complete Sample files are arranged by the quarter in which the interviews were conducted (collection quarters). COMPUTER-ASSISTED TELEPHONE INTERVIEWING (CATI) -37- Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) involves bringing interviewers into a centralized telephone facility to conduct the survey over the phone by reading questions off of a computer screen and entering responses directly into the computer. CATI stores information provided by the respondent as the survey progresses, automatically presenting the interviewer with the appropriate next question in the survey sequence. CATI software is designed with automated internal consistency checks to alert the interviewer of responses that may need to be clarified with the respondent. The CATI technique is contrasted with the field technique, in which interviewers around the country conduct telephone or face-to-face interviews and record responses in pencil on a printed questionnaire. CATI is not utilized for the following circumstances:

  1. All NCVS interviews for the first (of seven) scheduled interviews for households in sample will be

conducted in person so as establish and maintain rapport with respondents. No household will receive its initial NCVS contact from a CATI facility.

  1. Respondents without access to a telephone or who refuse during the interview to receive subsequent

interviews by telephone will continue to be interviewed in person.

  1. To minimize disruption of field interviewer staffing and workloads and to avoid elimination of some

single-interviewer Primary Sampling Units (PSUs), CATI is fully implemented only in PSUs that are covered by more than one field representative. On single field representative PSUs, only half are eligible for CATI, and in these PSUs only half the segments are assigned to CATI interviewing. NCS/NCVS NOTE: Phase-in of CATI began in 1987. From 1987 to 1992, 5 to 10 percent of the NCS sample used CATI. From 1992 on, CATI was used for 30 percent of the NCVS sample. Since 2007, CATI has been discontinued as a mode. CONFIDENTIALITY The law (U.S. Code 34, Sections 10131, 10231, and 10134) provides that all information given to the U.S. U.S. Census Bureau for this survey must be held in confidence and may be used only for statistical purposes. The Bureau may not release any statistics which might disclose the identity of any individual or household. This protection explains why public data often do not provide the level of detail many researchers might wish. Current restrictions prohibit identification of less than 0.5% of the sample, when releasing individual or microdata. CONTROL CARD The control card (sometimes referred to as the "cover sheet") is one of four basic forms used to collect the NCVS data. It is the first form the interviewer completes during the initial interview and is updated on each subsequent interview as long as the household is in the sample. It contains the address of each sample unit and the basic household data, such as the names of all persons living there and their age, race, sex, marital status, education, etc. In addition, such items as family income, tenure of the unit, and pertinent information about non-interviewed units are included on the Control Card. The Control Card also serves as a record of visits, telephone calls, reasons for interview and non-interview, etc. See also: Interviewing Sequence, Questionnaire Forms CONTROL NUMBER A control number is assigned to each sample unit. In the National Sample, the control number is composed of five elements: the sample, PSU, Segment number, Check Digit, and Serial Number. Since July 1986, these five elements have been scrambled together to preserve confidentiality. See also: PSU, Segment Number, Check Digit, Serial Number, Identification Code, Sample Designation CRIME INCIDENT REPORT A set of questions used to gather details (e.g.: location of incident, relationship of victim to offender, extent of injuries and/or economic loss) on crimes reported in the Basic Screen Questionnaire. This information is used to categorize the incident (see NCVS Crime Classification). Details from the Incident Report also serve as a database for analysis of crime (e.g.: susceptibility to crime). One Crime Incident Report is completed for each incident reported in answer to the screen questions (with the exception of "Series Crimes;" see the section - Type of Research Instrument for details on series crimes incident reports). The following conditions must be met before a series incident is reported: (1) incidents must be of the same type or very similar in detail; (2) there must be at -38- least six incidents in the series (this threshold was changed from three incidents to six incidents in January 1993); and (3) the respondent must not be able to recall dates and other details of the individual incidents well enough to have reported them separately. Interviewers are instructed to try through probing to get individual reports whenever possible and only accept series reports as a last resort. See also: Questionnaire Forms, Series Incident Report, Interviewing Sequence NCS NOTE: The Crime Incident Report was significantly modified in 1986 to provide more information on characteristics of the crime incident. See the NCVS Redesign document in the NCVS Resource Guide. CRIMES The National Crime Victimization Survey focuses on measuring the extent of victimization by the major crimes commonly referred to as rape, robbery, assault, burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft. The survey does not provide measures for other offenses such as murder, kidnapping, shoplifting, fraud, gambling, etc. NCVS NOTE: Prior to January, 1993, the NCVS defined 32 distinct types of crime. The NCVS modifications redefined some crimes (Theft and Series Crimes) and added crimes not previously measured (Sexual Assault other than Completed and Attempted Rape, and Vandalism). Since 2009, the NCVS no longer collects information about vandalism. See the NCVS Redesign document in the NCVS Resource Guide. TYPES OF CRIME, LISTED IN ORDER OF SERIOUSNESS (The Seriousness Hierarchy)

  1. Crimes of Violence
  2. Completed Rape
  3. Attempted Rape
  4. Sexual Assault with Serious Assault
  5. Sexual Assault with Minor Assault
  6. Completed Robbery with Injury from Serious Assault
  7. Completed Robbery with Injury from Minor Assault
  8. Completed Robbery without Injury
  9. Attempted Robbery with Injury from Serious Assault
  10. Attempted Robbery with Injury
  11. Attempted Robbery without Injury
  12. Completed Aggravated Assault with Injury
  13. Attempted Aggravated Assault with Weapon
  14. Threatened Assault with Weapon
  15. Simple Assault Completed with Injury
  16. Sexual Assault without Injury
  17. Unwanted Sexual Contact without Force

NCS Note: This category did not exist during Quarters 1 and 2, 1992. Comparisons of the 1992 data for this crime category with future years should be avoided.

  1. Assault without Weapon without Injury
  2. Verbal Threat of Rape
  3. Verbal Threat of Sexual Assault
  4. Verbal Threat of Assault
  5. Purse-snatching/pocket-picking
  6. Completed Purse-Snatching
  7. Attempted Purse-Snatching
  8. Completed Pocket-Picking
  9. Property Crimes
  10. Completed Burglary, Forcible Entry
  11. Completed Burglary, Unlawful Entry without Force
  12. Attempted Forcible Entry
  13. Completed Motor Vehicle Theft

-39-

  1. Attempted Motor Vehicle Theft
  2. Completed Theft Less than $10
  3. Completed Theft $10 to $49
  4. Completed Theft $50 to $249
  5. Completed Theft $250 to Greater
  6. Completed Theft Value NA
  7. Attempted Theft

See also: NCVS Crime Classification Scheme D DATA COLLECTION OR ENUMERATION PERIOD The length of time allotted to interviewers for completing their assigned workload for a survey or census; commonly referred to as the interview period. For the NCVS, households are enumerated during the first two weeks of every month. See also: Household Status, Enumeration DISABILITY STATUS The NCVS defines disability as the product of interactions among individuals' bodies; their physical, emotional, and mental health; and the physical and social environment in which they live, work, or play. A disability exists where this interaction results in limitations of activities and restriction to full participation at school, work, home, or in the community. E ED See: Enumeration District (ED) EDUCATION Current education level of household members listed on the control card. Respondents are asked the highest grade or year of regular school attended, and whether that year was completed. Regular schools include all graded public, private, parochial schools, colleges, universities, and professional schools which advance a person toward an elementary or high school diploma, or a college degree. Regular schools do not include vocational, trade, business, correspondence, or other specialized schools, unless credits obtained are accepted in the regular school system. For persons still attending regular school, highest grade attended is the one in which they are currently enrolled. Education questions, which are on the control card, are asked routinely at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th visits only. EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT The highest year completed. This is a recoded variable for use in BJS published reports. It is classified as follows: Never attended or kindergarten, Elementary, High School, College, and N.A. Post-graduate work is coded as "College." ENUMERATION The process of obtaining information about selected units of study in a survey or census. ENUMERATION DISTRICT (ED) A small geographic area with well-defined boundaries set up for the 1990 Census and containing about 250 households. A single PSU contains numerous EDs. In the NCVS National Sample, each selected ED is subdivided into clusters of four households, and a sample of these clusters is systematically selected. All four -40- households in the cluster are selected to be in the sample. See also: Primary Sampling Unit (PSU), Cluster ENUMERATION PERIOD See: Data Collection Period ESTIMATE A numeric value obtained from a sample used to describe the measurement which would be obtained if a complete census were carried out. An estimate of a total for a population is obtained by multiplying the value for a sampled record by a systematically designed weight which has the effect of inflating the sample count to represent the total population. Multiple factors are used to compute this weight (see the section on - Weights). Basically, the sample count is inflated by the reciprocal of its probability of selection. Each estimate has its own unique variance and standard error which express the precision of the estimate. See also: Variance, Weight, Standard Error ETHNICITY A household respondent's self-reported statement of the national, cultural, or linguistic group with which each member of the household identifies. Currently, the NCVS gathers data on Hispanic ethnicity only. See also: Race ETHNICITY OF OFFENDER The ethnicity of offender as perceived and reported by the respondent. Categories are whether offender was Hispanic or Latino. When recording the ethnicity of multiple offenders, categories are: mostly Hispanic or Latino, mostly non-Hispanic, equal number of Hispanic and non-Hispanic, and don't know. See also: Race of offender EXTRA UNITS Household units or OTHER units which are discovered at time of interview or during updating and are not already entered on the listing sheet for the segment.

  1. Area Segments:

a. In Area segments, EXTRA units must be in the same structure or on the same property as the sample unit being interviewed. b. In Special Places within Area segments, an EXTRA unit must be within the specific address of the original unit.

  1. In Address and Special Place segments, EXTRA units must be within the specific address of the sample unit

being interviewed, but need not be within the same structure or on the same property.

  1. In Permit segments, EXTRA units must be within the specific address of the sample unit being interviewed

and must be within the same structure. When housing units or OTHER units which qualify as EXTRA units are discovered, they are interviewed and allocated to the sample without bias. See also: Segment, Housing Unit, Other Unit, Special Places, Listing, Household Status, Updating F FINAL WEIGHT A final adjustment factor used to inflate each sample observation so that it properly represents the population. The final weight is a factor of six component weights and ratio adjustments (see section Weights). For personal crimes, the final weight equals the person weight times five adjustment factors; for property crimes, the final weight equals the household weight times these adjustment factors. -41- See also: Household Weight, Person Weight FORCIBLE ENTRY A form of burglary in which force is used to gain entrance; e.g., by breaking a window or slashing a screen. Forcible entry may or may not be accompanied by theft or property damage. Evidence of force must be physical and visible, i.e., able to be seen after the occurrence of the incident. An open or unlocked door is not physical, visible evidence. See also: Burglary, Unlawful Entry Without Force, Attempted Forcible Entry G GROUP QUARTERS Census term used to describe living quarters occupied by five or more persons unrelated to the head of household. Quarters with no designated head but with six or more unrelated persons are also group quarters. Some quarters occupied by fewer than six persons may also be group quarters by definition; e.g., living quarters in dormitories occupied by students. Group quarters were selected from Census listings. See also: Housing Unit, Other Unit, Special Place H HATE CRIME From 2003-2009, hate crime variables V4526AA (source code 910), V4526HA1 (Source Code 915), V4526HA2 (SC916), V4526HA3 (SC917), V4526HA4 (SC918), V4526HA5 (SC919), V4526HA6 (SC920), V4526HA7 (SC 921), V4526HA8 (SC922), and V4526HA9 (SC908), were suppressed from the public use files. During this time, the hate crime recode (V4526I) was created to designate an incident as a hate crime, a possible hate crime, or not a hate crime. Beginning in 2010, all hate crime variables were included in the public use files and the hate crime recode (V4526I) was removed. The statements below can be used to create a recode comparable to the hate crime recode. Please note that in keeping with the definition of hate crime used by the Hate Crime Statistics Act (HCSA) of 1994 (28 U.S.C '534'), crimes that were committed because of gender bias were not included in the hate crime recode. In 2009, the HCSA was expanded to include crimes committed because of bias against the victim's gender or gender identity. The hate crime recode is set to 1 (incident is a hate crime) when there is an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), V4526H (SC913), and there is also an entry of 1 in V4526HA2 (SC916), V4526HA3 (SC917), or V4526HA4 (SC918). The hate crime recode is set to 2 (incident is a possible hate crime) when there is an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), V4526H (SC913), and there is also an entry of 1 in V4526HA5 (SC919), V4526HA6 (SC920), or V4526HA7 (SC921), but there is not an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526HA2 (SC916), V4526HA3 (SC917), and V4526HA4 (SC918). The hate crime recode is set to 3 (incident is not a hate crime) when there is an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), V4526H (SC913), but there is not an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526HA2 (SC916), V4526HA3 (SC917), V4526HA4 (SC918), V4526HA5 (SC919), V4526HA6 (SC920), and V4526HA7 (SC921). The hate crime recode is also set to 3 when there is not an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), and V4526H (SC913), but there is an entry of 1 in V4526E (SC900) or an entry of 1 or 2 in V4526AA (SC910). The hate crime recode is set to 4 (don't know lead-in of V4526AA (SC910)) when there is not an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), and V4526H (SC913), and there is not an entry of 1 in V4526E (SC900) but there is an entry of 3 in V4526AA (SC910). -42- The hate crime recode is set to 8 (no valid entry in V4526AA (SC910)) when there is not an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), and V4526H (SC913), and there is not an entry of 1 in V4526E (SC900) but there is an entry of 8 in V4526AA (SC910). The hate crime recode is set to 9 (out of universe) when there is not an entry of 1 in any of the following variables: V4526A, V4526B, V4526C, V4526D (SC896-SC899), V4526F (SC901), V4526G (SC911), and V4526H (SC913), and not an entry of 1 in V4526E (SC900) and not an entry of 1, 2, 3, or 8 in V4526AA (SC910). Following is a list of all the hate crime related variables. Variable Source Code Description V4526A SC896 HATE CRIME: RACE (START 2003 Q1) V4526B SC897 HATE CRIME: RELIGION (START 2003 Q1) V4526C SC898 HATE CRIME: ETHNICITY (START 2003 Q1) V4526D SC899 HATE CRIME: DISABILITY (START 2003 Q1) V4526E SC900 HATE CRIME: GENDER (START 2003 Q1) V4526F SC901 HATE CRIME: SEXUALITY (START 2003 Q1) V4526HA9 SC908 EVER TELL POLICE YOU THOUGHT INCIDENT WAS A HC (START 2010 Q1) V4526AA SC910 SUSPECT INCIDENT JUST DISCUSSED WAS HATE CRIME OR CRIME OF PREJUDICE OR BIGOTRY (START 2010 Q1) V4526G SC911 HATE CRIME: ASSOCIATE (START 2003 Q1) V4526H SC913 HATE CRIME: PERCEPTION (START 2003 Q1) V4526HA1 SC915 EVIDENCE OF HC - OFFENDER TARGET YOU FOR CHARACTERISTICS/REGLIGIOUS BELIEFS (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA2 SC916 EVIDENCE OF HC - OFFENDER USE ABUSIVE LANGUAGE (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA3 SC917 EVIDENCE OF HC - OFFENDER USE HATE SYMBOLS (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA4 SC918 EVIDENCE OF HC - POLICE CONFIRM YOU TARGETED FOR CHARACTERISTICS/RELIGIOUS BELIEFS (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA5 SC919 EVIDENCE OF HC - KNOW IF OFFENDERS PREVIOUSLY DID SIMILAR CRIMES (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA6 SC920 EVIDENCE OF HC - DID INCIDENT OCCUR NEAR HOLIDAY, EVENT, LOCATION ASSOCIATED WITH PARTICULAR GROUP (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA7 SC921 EVIDENCE OF HC - HAVE OTHER HC HAPPEND TO YOU OR IN NEIGHBORHOOD (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA8 SC922 EVIDENCE OF HC - BELIEVE INCIDENT WAS HC BUT NOT ENOUGH EVIDENCE (START 2010 Q1) V4526HA8 SC922 EVIDENCE OF HC - BELIEVE INCIDENT WAS HC BUT NOT ENOUGH EVIDENCE (START 2010 Q1) HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD Prior to 1979, one person in each household was designated as "head," usually the person reported by the members of the household to be the head. Beginning in 1979 a non-head of household approach was instituted and interviewers were instead instructed to designate a "reference person" -- the household member who owns, is buying, or is renting the housing unit. The reference person may be any one household member 18 years of age or older -- usually the first person listed in the household membership. If all household members are under 18, the interviewer will choose the person identified as owning or renting the living quarters. -43- See also: Reference Person, Relationship to Reference Person HOUSEHOLD A group of occupants of a sample unit who meet the criteria for household membership. See also: Sample Unit, Household Member HOUSEHOLD CRIME See: Household Victimization; This classification of crime has been revised in the NCVS and is now labeled "property crimes". HOUSEHOLD INCIDENT See: Household Victimization; This classification has been revised in the NCVS and is now labeled "property crimes." HOUSEHOLD INCOME The sum of income received by all household members (14 years of age or older) living in a sample housing unit. The income may include wages, salaries, net income from business, farm or rent, pension, dividends, interest, social security payments, alimony, public assistance, child support, and any other money received by household members age 14 or older, and other money income (not identified as income are such things as room and board, insurance payments, lump sum inheritances, occasional gifts, money from selling property, withdrawals from savings accounts, or tax refunds) for the 12-month period immediately preceding the month of interview. It is not the calendar year unless the month of the interview was January. Family income questions are asked routinely during the first, third, fifth, and seventh interviews only. HOUSEHOLD MEMBER Persons in a sample unit are members of the household if:

  1. their usual place of residence at the time of the interview is the sample unit, and
  2. they have no usual place of residence elsewhere. Usual place of residence must be specific living quarters held

by the person, to which s/he is free to return at any time, and at which s/he usually lives and sleeps. Household members not only include members of the family, but may also include: lodgers, servants, other employees who live in the unit and consider it their usual place of residence. Usual residents also include persons who live in the sample unit but are temporarily absent. Armed Forces members are considered household members if they are stationed nearby and usually sleep in the sample unit. Students attending school away from home are not considered household members at their parents' home. See also: Household, Sample Unit HOUSEHOLD NUMBER Identifies the sequence of households that occupy a particular address. The household interviewed at the initial visit receives a household number of "l". If members of that household change, but at least one household member remains at the address during subsequent interviews, the household number remains a "1". If a new family moves into a sample unit being interviewed for a second time, the household number will be "2" indicating that this is a different household from that previously interviewed. See also: Household Status HOUSEHOLD RESPONDENT A household member chosen by the interviewer who appears to be the most knowledgeable about the household -44- composition and is able to answer the household screen questions dealing with crimes against the household. This person is generally 18 years of age or older; however, if no one in the household is at least 18 years of age, the interviewer will choose someone who appears to be knowledgeable about the entire household. The household respondent is not necessarily the reference person or the principal person. See also: Reference Person, Principal Person HOUSEHOLD SCREEN QUESTIONS These questions ask about any crimes against the household, such as actual or attempted break-ins, theft of household goods, and motor vehicle thefts. These screen questions are asked of the Household Respondent only and are used to determine whether a Crime Incident Report should be completed. See also: Basic Screen Questionnaire, Individual Screen Questions, Crime Incident Report HOUSEHOLD STATUS Consists of the following categories:

  1. Same household as last enumeration, if the same household was interviewed during the previous interview

period.

  1. Replacement household since last enumeration if the former occupants have moved and the unit is now

occupied by a new household.

  1. Previous non-interview or not in sample before -- for an interviewed unit that was previously non-interviewed for

any reason, for a unit in its first period of enumeration, or for an EXTRA unit being interviewed for the first time. See also: Extra Units, Enumeration HOUSEHOLD THEFT See: Theft HOUSEHOLD VICTIMIZATION A specific criminal act as it affects the household. This NCS class of crime has been replaced by a revised classification -- property victimization in the NCVS. The NCS defined household crimes as burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft. Each criminal act against a household is considered to involve a single victim: the affected household (therefore, the terms household victimization and household incident are synonymous). If any household member is attacked or threatened during the crime, it is considered a personal crime and reports are taken from each person who was personally victimized. Typically, household victimizations were reported by the Household Respondent. However, any interviewed member could report household crimes in response to individual screen questions. See also: Personal Victimization, Household Screen Questions, Property Victimization NCVS NCVS NOTE: Beginning in January 1993, information on vandalism against a household was also collected. Beginning in 2009 the NCVS no longer collected information on vandalism against the household. HOUSEHOLD WEIGHT In the NCVS the household weight equals the person weight of the "Principal Person." The weight for the principal person in husband-wife households equals the weight for the wife, excluding the within-household non-interview adjustment. For non-husband-wife households, the principal person weight equals the weight for the reference person, excluding the within-household non-interview adjustment. See also: Principal Person, Person Weight, Reference Person, Weight, Incident Weight, Non-interview Adjustment HOUSING UNIT -45- A group of rooms or a single room, occupied as separate living quarters. Separate living quarters exist when the occupants do not live and eat with any other persons in the structure, AND when there is either direct access from the outside or through a common hall, OR complete kitchen facilities for this unit only. Vacant rooms or groups of rooms, which are intended for occupancy as separate living quarters, are also considered housing units. A unit has complete kitchen facilities when it has an installed sink with piped water AND a range or cooking stove AND a mechanical refrigerator. All units in the National Sample are defined as either being a housing unit or an OTHER unit. See also: Group Quarters, Living Quarters, Extra Unit, Household, Occupied Housing Unit, Vacant Housing Unit, Other Unit I IDENTIFICATION CODE A sample designation and control number assigned to each sample unit. See also: Sample Designation, Control Number INCIDENT A specific criminal act involving one or more victims and offenders. In the NCVS, victims may be persons 12 years of age or older or households. An incident is technically distinct from a victimization; in criminal acts against persons, the number of victimizations is determined by the number of victims. Hence, one incident may comprise several victimizations. See also: Crimes, Victimization, Household Victimization, Personal Victimization, Personal Incident INCIDENT REPORT See: Crime Incident Report INCIDENT WEIGHT For personal crimes the incident weight is computed by dividing the person's weight by the total number of persons victimized during an incident as reported by the respondent. For example, if a respondent reports having been robbed at the same time as two friends, three people are considered to have been victimized by the robbery incident. The incident weight in this case would be computed by dividing the person weight by three. For household crimes, the incident weight and the household weight are the same, since there can be only one household that sustains a crime incident. See also: Weight, Household Weight, Person Weight, Victimization INCOME See: Family Income INDIVIDUAL SCREEN QUESTIONS A set of questions asked of each household member 12 years of age and older. These questions are designed to elicit reports of both violent crimes (rape, sexual assault, robbery, simple and aggravated assault) and purse- snatching or pocket-picking committed against individual household members. A Crime Incident Report is completed for each crime recorded in the Individual Screen Questions. See also: Basic Screen Questionnaire, Household Screen Questions, Crime Incident Report INDUSTRY CODE NCS NOTE: Prior to March 1986, a three-digit numeric code was assigned to persons using the 1970 or 1980 -46- Alphabetic Index of Industries and Occupations, based on the kind of business or industry at the location where the person works. For unemployed persons, the industry code was assigned on the basis of the last job held within 5 years. Industry coding was discontinued in March 1986. See also: Occupation Code, Class or Worker, Major Activity INJURY Bodily hurt or damage sustained by a victim as a result of criminal assault. The types of injuries suffered are used to distinguish between serious and minor assaults. Serious injuries include knife or gunshot wounds, broken bones, loss of teeth, and loss of consciousness. A completed rape is classified as a serious injury. Minor injuries include bruises, black eyes, cuts, scratches, swelling. Other injuries that can't be identified as serious or minor are distinguished by the amount of hospitalization required. Injuries suffered from an attack during a crime incident include any and all PHYSICAL (bodily) damage experienced by the victim such as broken bones, bruises, cuts, internal injuries, and so on. Emotional and psychological trauma are not included. INTERVIEW PERIOD See: Enumeration Period INTERVIEW PROCEDURES Before the scheduled field interview, a letter informing each household about the NCVS and the interviewer's impending visit is sent to each sample unit. The initial contact between the interviewer and the household is a personal visit, at which time interviews are obtained for as many household members 12 years or older as possible. For those eligible household members not interviewed during the initial visit to the household, interviewers make telephone callbacks to obtain interviews. During the initial interview, respondents are asked if they would be willing and able to conduct subsequent interviews by phone. If they answer yes, all but the fifth are done by phone. In 1987 computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) was used for some phone interviews. Since 2007 CATI has been discontinued as a mode. Prior to March 1986, three of the seven interviews (the second, fourth, and sixth) were done by phone whenever possible. Prior to January 1980, all interviews were done face-to-face. See also: Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI), Interviewing Sequence, Noninterview Procedures INTERVIEW, TYPE OF The NCVS uses a combination of personal and telephone interviews, and uses proxy interviews where necessary.

  1. Personal Interviews: A face-to-face interview between survey interviewer and respondent usually taking place in

the respondent's home. Each enumeration period, initial interviews in a household are conducted in person. Follow-up interviews to reach persons not available at the time of the initial visit may be made by telephone.

  1. Telephone Interviews: A telephone interview between survey field representative and respondent. The

respondent usually conducts the interview from his/her home; the field representative may be calling from a field office or from a centralized telephone facility. Telephone interviewing is used to: a) conduct interviews with respondents willing and able to be interviewed over the telephone for all but the first and fifth interview, and b) conduct interviews with household members not available for interview at the time of the initial personal interview at the household

  1. Self Respondent: A person who answers questions for him/herself. Information about each household member is

usually obtained by self-response; that is, each of these persons is interviewed for him/herself.

  1. Proxy Respondent: A proxy respondent is a respondent who answers questions for another person.

NCVS NOTE: Prior to July, 1986, information about each household member aged 12 and 13 was obtained by asking the questions for these persons of the household respondent or some other knowledgeable household member. Currently, unless a knowledgeable household member objects, 12- and 13-year-olds are interviewed directly by the interviewer. If a particular household member 12 or older is physically or mentally unable to answer the individual questions, or is temporarily absent and is not expected to return before the enumeration closeout date, the interviewer is instructed to accept information from another knowledgeable household member. -47- See also: Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) INTERVIEWING SEQUENCE The general interview sequence for the NCVS is to:

  1. Fill a Control Card for the Unit.
  2. Interview the household respondent. This involves asking all appropriate personal characteristics and Basic

Screen Questions (for the individual AND the household).

  1. For each incident against the household or the individual, an Incident Report is completed.
  2. Interview all other eligible household members. This involves asking all appropriate personal characteristics and

Basic Screen Questions (from the Individual Screen section only)

  1. For each incident reported by individual household members, an incident report is filled out. An entire interview is

completed for a household member before proceeding with the next person. See also: Interview Procedures, Control Card, Basic Screen Questionnaire, Crime Incident Report L LAND USE Designated as urban or rural, based on Census classification criteria. Urban areas are places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, boroughs, villages, and towns (except towns in New England, New York, and Wisconsin); the densely settled urban fringe, whether incorporated or unincorporated, or urbanized areas; and unincorporated places of 2,500 or more inhabitants. All remaining areas are classified as rural. See also: Rural, Urban LARCENY See: Theft LIFESTYLE The Individual Screen Section begins with a series of questions on lifestyle and frequency of behaviors that have shown some association with crime victimization. Such behaviors include shopping, spending the evening away from home, and riding public transportation. (See: Individual Screen Section, Items 30, 31 and 32) LINE NUMBER A two-digit number assigned during the interview to identify each individual in a household. Line numbers serve to link Control Card data to the Personal Characteristics data, and both of these to the Incident Reports data. LISTING A procedure used to note the exact location of every place where people live or might live within a given address or segment. Interviewers record street names, house numbers, apartment numbers, and unit locations. This list is then used to select sample units randomly. In general, listing is done by observation guided by detailed and extensive procedures, and varies somewhat depending on the type of segment. See also: Updating, Segment, Extra Units LIVING QUARTERS This is a general term for structures occupied or intended for human occupancy. Living quarters are classified as either housing units or OTHER units. Six types of housing units are distinguished for NCVS: -48-

  1. House, apartment, flat: includes such housing units as an apartment over a garage or behind a store, janitor's

quarters in an office building, and housing units in converted barns or sheds, as well as ordinary houses and apartments.

  1. Housing unit in a non-transient hotel, motel, etc. All separate living quarters in non-transient hotels, motels, etc.,

are housing units by definition.

  1. Housing unit permanent in transient hotel, motel, etc. Occupied or intended for occupancy by permanent guests

or resident employees.

  1. Housing units in rooming house.
  2. Mobile home or trailer: includes those with permanent foundations.
  3. Housing unit not specified above. Five types of OTHER units are distinguished for NCVS:

a) Quarters, not housing unit, in rooming or boarding house. b) Unit not permanent in transient hotel, motel, etc. Quarters not occupied or intended for occupancy by permanent guests or resident employees. c) Vacant tent site or trailer site. d) Student quarters in a college dormitory. e) Not specified above (e.g.: quarters for nurses, quarters in bunkhouses. See also: Housing Unit, Other Units, Special Places, Transient/Nontransient, Place of Residence, Tenure M MARITAL STATUS The NCVS defines five categories of marital status:

  1. Married: includes common-law marriage
  2. Widowed
  3. Divorced
  4. Separated: those married persons who have a legal separation or who have parted because of marital discord,

but have not yet obtained a divorce. Those who have parted temporarily for reasons other than marital discord (such as employment, Armed Forces, etc.) are recorded as married.

  1. Never Married: includes all children under 14, and persons who have never been married or whose only

marriages have been annulled. MEDICAL CARE Victims who were injured during an incident are asked whether they received any medical care for their injuries. NOTE: Prior to 1979, medical care included only treatment rendered by trained professionals. In 1979 this was changed to include paraprofessionals, non-professionals and self-treatment. MEDICAL EXPENSES, TOTAL AMOUNT OF This is the total amount of medical expenses which results directly from the victim's injuries in the incident. Included are such items as doctor and hospital bills, ambulance services, and any special devices or aids the victim was forced to obtain as a result of the injury. If the victim is still undergoing treatment for injuries related to the incident, the total amount of medical expenses is an estimate of the total projected medical expense. METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines this as a population nucleus of 50,000 or more, generally consisting of a city and its immediate suburbs, along with adjacent communities having a high degree of economic and social integration with the nucleus. MSAs are designated by counties, the smallest geographic units for which a wide range of statistical data can be obtained. However, in New England, MSAs are designated by cities and towns since these subcounty units are of great local significance and considerable data is available for them. Currently, an area is defined as an MSA if it meets one of two standards:

  1. a city has a population of at least 50,000
  2. the Census Bureau defines an urbanized area of at least 50,000 people with a total metropolitan population of at

least 100,000 (or 75,000 in New England). -49- The Census Bureau's definition of urbanized areas, data on commuting to work, and the strength of the economic and social ties between the surrounding counties and the central city determine which counties not containing a main city are included in an MSA. For New England, MSAs are determined by a core area and related cities and towns, not counties. A metropolitan statistical area may contain more than one city of 50,000 and may cross State lines. MILITARY STATUS Determined for males and females 18-65 years of age. "In Armed Forces" includes those serving on active duty at the time of the interview in U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, or the reserve branch of any of the above only if currently on active duty status for several months. Also includes commissioned officers of the U.S. Public Health Service who are attached to any branch of the Armed Forces, and National Guardsmen on active duty. Cadets in U.S. Military academies also are considered to be with the Armed Forces. MINOR ASSAULT See: Robbery, Sexual Assault MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT Stealing or unauthorized taking of a motor vehicle, including attempted thefts. A motor vehicle is defined as an automobile, truck, motorcycle, or any other motorized vehicle legally allowed on public roads or highways. MOTOR VEHICLES, TOTAL NUMBER OF All motor vehicles owned during the reference period are counted, including those sold, given away, junked, stolen, or abandoned. Motor vehicles used SOLELY by a recognizable business are not included, nor are vehicles loaned to the respondent for private use by a business, unless the respondent owns the business. Motor vehicles used by a student, owned by his/her parents, and kept away from home are not included. MULTI-STAGE SAMPLING A process used to select sample units. The NCVS sample was selected using two stages. In the first stage, Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) were selected. In the second stage, a sample of addresses was selected within the sample PSUs. See "Sample Design" for a full description. See also: Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) N NCVS CRIME CLASSIFICATION SCHEME Crimes reported in the NCVS are classified using three main factors:

  1. Details respondents provide in the Incident Report
  2. Type of Crime Categories (see "CRIMES")
  3. Seriousness Hierarchy (see "CRIMES")

Details of the incident are reviewed in order to place the incident in a Type of Crime Category. If the incident matches a category, that Type of Crime code is assigned. If the incident fits more than one Type of Crime category, the Seriousness Hierarchy is used to arrive at a single Type of Crime code for each incident. An example of this is a break-in that could be classified as both a burglary and an assault (e.g.: if a resident encountered the burglar and was physically assaulted). Assault is higher than Burglary on the Seriousness Hierarchy, thus the incident would be coded as an Assault. However, all details collected from the Incident Reports are preserved and available for users to create their own classification scheme. NON-INTERVIEW -50- For various reasons, interviewers are unable to obtain interviews for all sample units. Such units are classified as non-interviews and are handled as follows:

  1. TYPE A: when an interview for an eligible household is not obtained for some reason such as refusal. These

consist of households occupied by persons eligible for interview but from whom no interviews are obtained because: a. no one is at home in spite of repeated visits b. the entire household is temporarily away during all of the interview period c. the household refuses to give any information d. the unit cannot be reached due to impassable roads e. interview is not conducted due to a serious illness or death in the family f. the interviewer is unable to locate the sample unit. Every effort is made to avoid this type of non-interview in order to keep the unit and maintain a representative sample. A Non-Interview adjustment is applied to interviewed household and person weights so that Type A units are represented in the sample.

  1. TYPE B: when an interview is not obtained because the unit is ineligible for interview at the present time (such as

a vacancy) but could become eligible in the future. These consists of units which are not eligible for interview because: a. unit is a vacant regular housing unit b. unit is vacant and used for storage of household furniture c. unit is occupied by persons usually residing elsewhere d. unit unfit for habitation or to be demolished e. unit under construction and not ready for occupancy f. unit temporarily converted to business or storage g. address identifies an unoccupied tent or trailer site h. permit granted but construction not started i. household consists entirely of persons who are ineligible for the survey. Since these units might become eligible in the future, they are revisited in subsequent periods that the unit is in the sample. If they become eligible, the household is interviewed. The sample size is sufficiently large to allow for Type B Non-Interviews.

  1. TYPE C: when the unit is physically ineligible. These consist of units not eligible for sample because:

a. no address was listed on the sample line of the listing sheet b. unit demolished by time of enumeration c. house or trailer has been moved d. unit converted to permanent business or storage e. unit has been merged with another unit f. unit condemned and unoccupied g. outside the segment boundary h. built after April 1, 1980, 1990, 2000 (based on decennial census) i. permit was abandoned. The sample size is sufficiently large to allow for Type C Non-Interviews.

  1. TYPE Z: when a particular member is not interviewed in an otherwise interviewed household, i.e.: a within-

household non-interview. These occur when the interviewer is unable to obtain an interview for a particular household member in an otherwise interviewed household, e.g., the person is never available, refused, or is physically or mentally unable to answer and no proxy is available. For this type of non-interview person, only a few personal characteristic items are filled in on the Basic Screen Questionnaire. A Non-Interview adjustment is applied to interviewed person weights to account for within-household non-interviews. See also: Basic Screen Questionnaire NON-INTERVIEW/NON-RESPONSE ADJUSTMENTS Adjustments made to the weights of interviewed households and persons in order to compensate for those -51- households and persons not interviewed. A household non-interview adjustment accounts for occupied sample units qualified to participate in the survey, but from which an interview was not obtained (Type A Non-Interview). A within-household non-interview adjustment accounts for eligible persons who were not interviewed in an interviewed household (Non Type Z Non-Interview.) See section - Weight for a full description. See also: Household Weight, Person Weight, Final Weight O OCCUPIED HOUSING UNIT A housing unit is considered occupied if it is the usual place of residence of the person or persons living in it at the time of the interview. See also: Place of Residence, Housing Unit OFFENDER The person(s) who committed or was/were believed by the respondent to have committed the crime. OPERATION OF BUSINESS For the purposes of the NCVS, a distinction is made between two types of businesses: recognizable and unrecognizable. A recognizable business is one that is observable and identifiable from the outside by a sign or some other indication. Crimes involving any recognizable business, such as property stolen from the business, are not included in the NCVS. Only the loss of personal property of the respondent or of another household member, or personal threat or injury to the respondent or other household member(s) is included if a crime involves a recognizable business. An unrecognizable business has no outside identification, such as a sign in the yard or window, which indicates that it is a business. An example of an unrecognizable business is a mail order business run from the home, if there is no sign outside the house advertising the business. Crimes involving unrecognizable businesses, including property stolen from the business, are included in the NCVS estimates. OTHER UNITS Refers to living quarters which do not qualify as housing units. OTHER units are located in special places such as institutions, dormitories, and boarding houses where the residents have their own rooms, groups of rooms, or beds, and also have some common facilities such as a dining room, lobby, or living room or recreational areas. Some of the rooms, groups of rooms, etc., in these places are always classified as OTHER units, even though they have direct access or complete kitchen facilities. Other rooms or groups of rooms are classified as OTHER units if they do NOT meet the housing unit definition. All units in the NCVS sample are defined as either being a housing unit or an OTHER unit. See also: Housing Unit, Living Quarters, Special Places, Group Quarters, Extra Units OUT OF UNIVERSE Out of Universe (or INAP) is used in the codebook documentation to designate those items on the questionnaire that were not appropriate for certain respondents (based on information gathered throughout the interview) and therefore should not have been asked. For example, hospital tenure questions are not asked of victims who were not injured. See also: Residue P PANEL A systematically selected group of sample units comprising one-sixth of the entire NCVS sample. Each panel is interviewed twice per year (at six-month intervals, e.g.: January and July) for three years total during the panel's -52- time in sample. See also: Sample Rotation PANEL NUMBER In the National Sample, an identification number (l-6) assigned to each case in the sample identifying the months in which the unit is to be interviewed (e.g., Panel 1 housing units are interviewed in January and July ). The panel number is the first digit of the segment number. See also: Segment Number PERSON WEIGHT A variable associated with each person in the sample to provide an estimate of the population represented by each person. The person weight is calculated as the product of six factors, whose values depend on the characteristics of the household or the person:

  1. Base Weight
  2. Weighting Control Factor
  3. Household Non-interview Adjustment
  4. Within-Household Non-interview Adjustment
  5. First-Stage Factor
  6. Second-Stage Factor

For a complete description of these factors, see section - Weight Details. See also: Weight, Household Weight, Incident Weight, Non-interview Adjustments PERSONAL CRIMES See: Personal Incident, Personal Victimization. PERSONAL INCIDENT A specific criminal act involving one or more persons as victims of one or more offenders. The NCVS defines crimes against persons as rape, sexual assault, robbery, simple or aggravated assault, and purse- snatching\pocket-picking. The NCVS makes a general distinction between an Incident and a Victimization. The number of victimizations reflects how many criminal acts were experienced by NCVS survey respondents; the number of incidents reflects the number of criminal acts committed against NCVS survey respondents and others present during such incidents as reported by survey respondents. If there were more than one victim, the incident weight is adjusted to compensate for the possibility that the incident could be reported several times by multiple victims and thus be over-counted. For example, if a survey respondent and two other people (non-respondents) were robbed during the same incident, the NCVS counts this as one-third of a personal incident but one victimization. If all victims were respondents, this criminal act would be counted as one incident and three victimizations. Therefore, estimates of the number of personal incidents are usually lower than estimates of personal victimizations. See also: Personal Victimization, Victimization, Incident Weight PERSONAL INTERVIEWS See: Interview, Type of PERSONAL VICTIMIZATION A specific criminal act as it affects one victimized person. The NCVS defines crimes against persons as rape, sexual assault, robbery, simple or aggravated assault, and purse-snatching/pocket-picking. Estimates of the number of personal victimizations are determined by the number of victims of such acts as reported by the survey respondent. Ordinarily, the number of victimizations is somewhat higher than the number of incidents because -53- more than one person may be victimized during certain incidents, and because details of personal crimes occurring during the course of a commercial crime, as related to the victimized person, are reflected in these estimates. See also: Personal Incident, Victimization, Incident PLACE The term place refers to a concentration of population, regardless of the existence of legally prescribed units, powers, or functions. However, most of the places identified in the census are incorporated as cities, towns, villages, or boroughs. In addition, the larger unincorporated places are identified as places. Places are classified in the National Sample files by a two-digit place size code and a one-digit place description code. See also: Place Size Code, Rural, Urban PLACE DESCRIPTION CODE A code used in NCVS files to identify the type of place in which a sample unit is located. See also: Central City, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area PLACE OF OCCURRENCE The following detailed place of occurrence categories are used to describe more specifically where the incident occurred:

  1. In respondent's home or lodging

a. In own dwelling, own attached garage, or enclosed porch b. In detached buildings on own property, such as detached garage, storage shed, etc. c. In vacation home/second home d. In hotel or motel room respondent was staying in

  1. Near own home

a. Own yard, sidewalk, driveway, carport, unenclosed porch (does not include apartment yards) b. Apartment hall, storage area, laundry room (does not include apartment parking lot or garage) c. On street immediately adjacent to own home

  1. At, in, or near a friend's/relative's/neighbor's home

a. At or in home or other building on their property b. Yard, sidewalk, driveway, carport (does not include apartment yards) c. Apartment hall, storage area, laundry room (does not include apartment parking lot/garage) d. On street immediately adjacent to their home

  1. Commercial places

a. Inside restaurant, bar, nightclub b. Inside other commercial building, such as, store, bank, gas station c. Inside office, factory, or warehouse

  1. Parking Lots/Garages

a. Commercial parking lot/garage b. Noncommercial parking lot/garage c. Apartment/townhouse parking lot/garage

  1. School

a. Inside school building b. On school property (school parking area, play area, school bus, etc.)

  1. Open Areas, on street or public transportation

a. In apartment yard, park, field, playground (other than school) b. On street (other than immediately adjacent to own/friend/relative/neighbor's home) c. On public transportation or in station (bus, train, plane, airport, depot, etc.)

  1. Other

Crimes that occur outside the United States are identified on question 4a of the incident report form; however, BJS does not tally these crimes in its annual report. NCVS NOTE: Prior to January 1993, enclosed and unenclosed porch were not explicitly asked. -54- PLACE OF RESIDENCE Specific living quarters held by respondent, to which s/he is free to return at any time, AND at which s/he usually lives and sleeps. Not necessarily the same as legal residence or voting residence. Also described as "Usual Place of Residence". See also: Living Quarters, Occupied Housing Unit, Vacant Housing Unit PLACE SIZE CODE A code used to identify the population size range for the place in which the sample unit is located. NOTE: Places under 2,500 are considered rural by definition. See also: Place POCKET-PICKING Theft or attempted theft of property or cash directly from the victim by stealth, without force or threat of force. POLICE INFORMED A question on the Crime Incident Report asks: "Were the police informed of this incident in any way?" The "police" include all regular police and sheriff's departments at the city, county, state, or federal level of government. Also included are specialized police forces authorized to make arrests in a special area or jurisdiction, e.g., campus police, park police, transit police, harbor police, and airport police. Excluded are security guards, fish and game wardens, and such officers without authority to make police arrests. PRESENCE OF WEAPON See: Weapon PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT (PSU) Survey estimates are based on data obtained from a stratified, multi-stage cluster sample. The primary sampling units (PSUs) composing the first stage of the sampling were counties, groups of counties, or large metropolitan areas. Large PSUs were included in the sample automatically and are considered to be self-representing (SR). The remaining PSUs, called non-self-representing (NSR), were combined into strata by grouping PSUs with similar demographic characteristics, as determined by the census. One PSU was selected from each stratum by making the probability of selection proportionate to the population of the PSU. Since July 1986, the PSU is scrambled with four other elements into a control number, to preserve confidentiality. See: Control Number PRINCIPAL PERSON In husband/wife living arrangements, this person is the wife. In non-husband/wife living arrangements, this person is the reference person. The principal person's demographic characteristics are used in forming the household weight. See also: Head of Household, Household Respondent PROPERTY CRIME Property crimes include burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft. The category includes both attempted and completed crimes. Property crime corresponds roughly to the NCS classification of Household Crime, except that crimes formerly classed as personal larceny without contact are now classed as thefts and thus property crimes. The household weight is the correct weight to use with any property crime. -55- PROPERTY VICTIMIZATION A specific criminal act that may be classified as a property crime. Each criminal act against a household is considered to involve a single victim: the affected household. If any household member is attacked or threatened during the crime, it is considered a personal crime, and reports are taken from each person who was personally victimized. Typically, property victimizations are reported by the Household Respondent. However, any interviewed member may report property crimes in response to individual screen questions. See also: Personal Victimization, Household Screen Question PSU NUMBERS "PSU numbers" are three-digit codes which identify each PSU, and are part of the Control Number which uniquely identifies each sample unit. For purposes of confidentiality, these numbers have been scrambled on the public use files. PROXY RESPONDENT See: Interview, Type of. PURSE-SNATCHING Theft or attempted theft of properties or cash directly from the victim by stealth without force or threat of force. Q QUESTIONNAIRE FORMS There are three basic forms used to collect the data required for the NCVS:

  1. Control Card
  2. Basic Screen Questionnaire (Personal Characteristics, Household and Individual Screen Sections)
  3. Crime Incident Report

See section Type of Research Instrument for more detail on these forms and procedures. See also: Basic Screen Questionnaire, Control Card, Crime Incident Report, Interview Procedures R RACE Respondent's self-reported race. The categories are: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Other. See also: Ethnicity RACE OF OFFENDER The race of offender as perceived and reported by the respondent. Categories are White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Don't know. When recording the racial designation(s) of multiple offenders, categories are: Mostly White, Mostly Black or African American, Mostly American Indian or Alaska Native, Mostly Asian, Mostly Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, Equal number of each race, and Don't Know. NCVS NOTE: Categories of race of offender (single and multiple) were modified in 1986. Categories of race of offender (single and multiple) were expanded in 2012 to add American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. -56- RAPE One of the six major types of crime covered by the NCVS, rape is defined as: "Forced sexual intercourse and includes both psychological coercion as well as physical force. Forced sexual intercourse means vaginal, anal, or oral penetration by the offender(s). This category also includes incidents where the penetration is from a foreign object such as a bottle." Respondents are asked a series of questions in the Basic Screen Section about attack, rape, attempted rape, sexual attack, and forced or coerced unwanted sex. These questions are asked directly and are accompanied by cues about the offender (casual acquaintance, co-worker, neighbor, friend, relative, etc.). If the respondent replies in the affirmative to any of these questions or cues, an Incident Report is filled out to gather details. In gathering these details, interviewers are instructed to ask "Do you mean forced or coerced sexual intercourse?" to determine whether the incident should be recorded as a rape. If the respondent requests clarification of the terms "rape" or "sexual intercourse", interviewers may read the definition from the manual above. NCVS NOTE: Prior to January 1993, the Basic Screen Questionnaire did not ask direct questions about rape and related sexual attacks. Rapes may have been reported in response to any screen question, especially those which asked about attacks, threats, and attempted attacks. Since the questions did not ask directly about rape, it was up to the respondent to acknowledge any such incidents as warranting "yes" responses and to specify that a rape occurred in response to questions on the incident form. Rape sub-categories included completed and attempted rape only. Beginning in January 1993, the categories of rape and sexual attack were expanded. See the NCVS Redesign document in the NCVS Resource Guide for a complete discussion of these changes. See also: Crimes, Assault RECODE A single code, mechanically derived by combining codes for several related items, used for convenience and efficiency in tabulating data. RECOGNIZABLE BUSINESS See: Operation of Business REFERENCE PERIOD The period of time for which respondents are asked to recall victimizations experienced. The NCVS uses a reference period of six months. For crime tabulation purposes, the reference period is exactly six months ending on the last day of the month prior to the interview; for data collection purposes, the length of the reference period varies slightly, depending on the exact day of interview. For example, for interviews taking place in July, the reference period for tabulating victimizations is January 1 through June 30. For data collection purposes, respondents are asked to report on incidents beginning January 1 and ending on the day prior to interview. In cases where victimizations are reported as having occurred during the month in which the interview takes place, an Incident Report is filled out but the data on the victimization(s) are held and tabulated with crimes reported in the following reference period (in this case, July 1 through January 31). See also: Collection Quarter, Bounding Procedure REFERENCE PERSON The person identified by the household respondent as owning, buying, or renting the living quarters. This person will generally be at least 18 years of age or older; however, if no one in the household is 18 years of age, the interviewer will choose the person who is identified as owning or renting the living quarters. The reference person replaces the former concept of "head of household" and is not necessarily the same as the household respondent or principal person. See also: Household Respondent, Principal Person, Head of Household, Relationship to Reference Person -57- REINTERVIEW A reinterview is a second interview of a previously interviewed sample unit, with the purpose of evaluating some aspect of the original interview. It re-asks a small subsample of the original respondents all or a portion of the questions from the original interview and refers to the same time point as the original interview. For NCVS, a member of the supervisory staff or a supervisory field representative conducts the reinterview and compares the reinterview answers to the original answers. The reinterviewer uses this comparison primarily to detect and deter falsification. Falsification occurs when field representatives intentionally falsify interviews or misclassify noninterviews. The reinterviewer can also use reinterview data to do the following:

  1. Detect system-wide problems. For example, inadequate training, deficient procedures, and poor

questionnaire design

  1. Monitor interviewer performance, give feedback, and decide when an interviewer needs additional

training. RELATIONSHIP TO REFERENCE PERSON Once interviewers have established the reference person in a household, other household members are identified by their precise relationship to the reference person, e.g., wife, husband, son, daughter, step-son, step-daughter, father, mother, grandson, daughter-in-law, aunt, nephew, lodger, servant, hired hand, visitor, and so on. See also: Reference Person RESIDENCE See: Place of Residence RESIDUE Used in the codebook documentation to designate those cases where the respondent could not or did not provide an answer, or for some reason the response given did not fall into the predetermined categories. Attempts were made during the edits to convert such cases into valid codes based on the presence or absence of certain key elements. See also: Out of Universe RESPONDENT A person selected to be part of the NCVS sample who participates in the survey. See also: Interview, Type of RESPONSE RATE The rate at which selected sample units participated in the survey. The response rate is generally calculated by dividing the number of sample units participating in the survey by the number of sample units selected. ROBBERY One of the six major crime categories, robbery is defined as completed or attempted theft, directly from a person, of property or cash by force or threat of force, with or without a weapon. There are two main subcategories of robbery: WITH INJURY and WITHOUT INJURY. ROBBERY WITH INJURY is theft or attempted theft from a person, accompanied by an attack, either with or without a weapon, resulting in injury. ROBBERY WITH INJURY may be further classified as occurring with serious or minor assault. As used in the NCVS classification hierarchy, SERIOUS ASSAULT is a form of assaultive violence in which the attack is either carried out with a weapon, or results in serious injury, such as broken bones, internal injuries, loss of consciousness, or an undetermined injury requiring 2 or more days of hospitalization. This definition is equivalent to that for aggravated assault, except that an aggravated assault is classified when other forms of victimization, such as theft of property or sexual attack, are not present during the same incident. An injury is classified as resulting from a MINOR ASSAULT if it is the consequence of an attack carried out without a weapon and results in minor injury, such as bruises, black eye, -58- cuts, and scratches or an undetermined injury requiring less than 2 days of hospitalization. This definition is equivalent to that for completed simple assault, except that a completed simple assault is classified when other, more serious forms of victimization are not present during the same incident. See also: Theft, Assault ROTATION See: Sample Rotation, Rotation Group Number ROTATION DESIGN See: Sample Rotation, Rotation Group Number ROTATION GROUP NUMBER A number used to place the sample unit in the rotation scheme. The rotation group number is denoted by the hundreds digit of the four-digit segment number assigned to each sample unit. Each rotation group is a systematic one-sixth sample of all current NCVS housing units as well as a one-sixth sample of the sample interviewed each month. See also: Segment Number, Sample Rotation RURAL All remaining areas not falling into one of the following categories:

  1. Places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated into cities, boroughs, villages, and towns (except towns

in New England, New York, Wisconsin)

  1. Densely settled urban areas
  2. Unincorporated places of 2,500 or more inhabitants.

See also: Urban, Place, Land Use S SMSA See: Metropolitan Statistical Area SAMPLE A selection of units of a population from which estimates about the general population are made. If sample units are chosen according to laws of probability and randomization, inferences may be made from the sample to the general population within specified margins of error. For the NCVS a stratified cluster sample was used whereby each element of the population has a known chance of being included in the sample, allowing such inference to be made. See also: Estimate SAMPLE DESIGNATION A portion of the identification codes assigned to each sample unit in the NCVS, consisting of the letter "J" and two digits. The letter distinguishes NCVS surveys from other Census surveys, and the digits identify the sequence and source of selection of sample addresses. For example, the first sample selected was designated as J01. See also: Identification Code, Control Number SAMPLE ROTATION -59- The following rotation scheme is used for the NCVS: each sample of approximately 50,000 households is divided into six rotation groups. When the rotation plan became fully operative in January 1977, households in a particular rotation group and sample were interviewed once every six months for three years, the first interview being only for the purpose of bounding. Each rotation group is further divided into six panels or months. Thus l/6th of each rotation group is interviewed each month during a six-month period. One rotation group enters the sample every six months, while the corresponding rotation group from a previous sample is phased out. This enables preservation of the overall sample size and survey procedures while averting undue imposition to, and biases in, reporting by respondents through repeated interviews. See also: Bounding Schedule, Panel, Rotation Group Number SAMPLE UNIT A unit selected for inclusion in a sample or a census. See also: Sample, Housing Unit, Other Units, Special Places SCREEN QUESTION NUMBER On each Crime Incident Report, the number of the screen question that elicited the report of the incident is recorded. See also: Individual Screen Question, Household Screen Questions SCREEN QUESTIONNAIRE See: Basic Screen Questionnaire SEGMENT A string of clusters of sample units in the same PSU selected to be part of the NCVS sample. Sample units are located in one type of segment, depending on the type of Enumeration District in which the segment is located:

  1. Address Segments consist of completely recorded specific addresses selected from the Decennial

Census list, in address type Enumeration Districts.

  1. Special Place Segments consist of special places (e.g.: dormitories, rooming houses) in address type

Enumeration districts which can be identified from Census listings.

  1. Area Segments consist of relatively small designated areas of land with well-defined boundaries, such

as streets, roads, rivers, or railroad tracks in area type Enumeration Districts. The interviewer lists all of the living quarters in a designated segment, and a sample of these is selected for interview.

  1. New Construction Segments represent units built since the Census.

See also: Enumeration District, Extra Units, Listing, Segment Number, Serial Number, Updating SEGMENT NUMBER Part of the Control Number assigned to each sample unit. In the NCVS Sample it consists of four digits: the thousands digit identifies the panel; the hundreds digit identifies the rotation group; tens and units digits together (the serial number) identify clusters which are numbered sequentially starting with "01" in each panel and rotation combination. Since July 1986, the segment number has been scrambled into the control number with other control number elements to preserve confidentiality. See also: Segment, Control Number, Panel Number, Rotation Group Number, Enumeration District, Serial Number SELF-EMPLOYED See: Class of Worker -60- SELF-RESPONDENT See: Interview, Type of SELF-WEIGHTING The result of a sampling procedure in which all units have an equal probability of being selected in the sample. Because each unit has an equal probability of selection, the inverse of that probability of selection is the weight itself, with no need for weighting adjustment factors due to the design. See also: Weight, Sample SERIAL NUMBER A unique two-digit number assigned in sequence within each segment to each sample household in the NCVS. It is used for administrative control, and is part of the Control Number. Since July 1986, the serial number has been scrambled into the control number to preserve confidentiality. See also: Segment, Control Number SERIES INCIDENT REPORT Six or more incidents similar in nature for which the respondent is unable to recall dates and other details of the individual incidents well enough to report them separately. If a reported series of incidents meets this description the following information is recorded:

  1. The incident is marked as a series crime.
  2. An estimate of the number of times the incident occurred is asked of the respondent.
  3. Details of the most recent incident in the series are gathered in the Crime Incident Report.
  4. Information on the nature of the series is gathered (e.g.: how many times the incident occurred, whether

all incidents occurred in the same place, the victim/offender relationship, how similar the incidents were to each other, and whether the problem persists). NCVS NOTE: Prior to January 1993, series crimes were defined as three or more incidents similar in nature for which the respondent was unable to recall dates and other details separately for each incident. Also, details described in point #3 were added. See the NCVS Redesign document in the NCVS Resource Guide for a description of this redefinition. SERIOUS ASSAULT See: Robbery, Sexual Assault SERIOUSNESS HIERARCHY See: Crimes, NCVS Crime Classification Scheme SEXUAL ASSAULT A wide range of victimizations, separate from rape or attempted rape. These crimes include attacks or attempted attacks generally involving (unwanted) sexual contact between victim and offender. Sexual assaults may or may not involve force, such as grabbing or fondling, for example and may also include verbal threats. Sexual assaults resulting in injury are further classified by the seriousness of the attack. A sexual assault with SERIOUS ASSAULT is a form of assaultive violence in which the attack is either carried out with a weapon, or results in serious injury, such as broken bones, internal injuries, loss of consciousness, or an undetermined injury requiring 2 or more days of hospitalization. This definition is equivalent to that for aggravated assault, except that an aggravated assault is classified when other forms of victimization, such as theft of property or sexual attack, are not present during the same incident. A sexual attack with MINOR ASSAULT is the classification of an attack carried out without a weapon and which results in minor injury, such as bruises, black eye, cuts, and scratches or an undetermined injury requiring less than 2 days of hospitalization. This definition is equivalent to that for completed simple assault, except that a completed simple assault is classified when other, more serious forms of -61- victimization are not present during the same incident. See also: Rape, Assault SIMPLE ASSAULT See: Assault SPECIAL PLACE SEGMENT See: Segment SPECIAL PLACE Places in which the occupants have special living arrangements. Special places include: correctional institutions; homes for the aged, infirm, or needy; mental institutions; nursing, convalescent, or rest homes; specialized hospitals; Armed Forces installations; boarding and rooming houses; convents and monasteries; dormitories and other residences at schools; missions; halfway houses; hotels and motels; nurse's homes; private residential clubs and tourist camps; recreational, educational and religious camps; tent and trailer camps; migratory workers' camps; vacation cabins; YMCAs and YWCAs; and so on. Special places may include housing units and OTHER units. For example, a dormitory consisting of rooms for students and an apartment for a resident manager would include both OTHER units and a housing unit. Living quarters within special places are designated as either Staff Units, Non-staff Units, or Unclassified Units, as determined by occupancy or intended occupancy. Non-staff Units are located in certain special places and are defined as the persons for whom the special places are being operated, OR the units in which these persons live, such as rooms or suites or rooms. Non-staff units are never interviewed for the NCVS. Staff Units are located in the same types of places which contain Non-staff Units and are defined as the houses, apartments, rooms, or suites of rooms occupied or intended for occupancy by resident employees and their families, if any. Unclassified Units are located in certain special places and are the houses, apartments, rooms, etc. occupied or intended to be occupied by all persons. Staff Units and Unclassified Units are interviewed. See also: Living Quarters, Group Quarters, Other Units, Extra Units STANDARD ERROR An expression of sampling error which states the amount of deviation of an estimate because a sample was drawn instead of a census taken. Standard error is a measure of how precise the sample estimate is compared to the true value that would have been obtained if the entire population was measured. A measure of standard error is calculated in the following way: under any given sample design, there are many possible samples of the same size that could be drawn. In theory, each of these possible samples could actually be drawn, estimates could be calculated for each, and the average of these estimates could be computed. The difference between the estimate derived from the sample that actually was drawn and the average of the estimate calculated if all possible samples were drawn is called sampling deviation. The standard error of a sample estimate is a measure of the variation among these estimates from all possible samples, and thus is a measure of the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. An estimate of the standard error of a sample estimate can be computed from the data obtained in the sample. See also: Variance, Estimate STANDARD METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA (SMSA) See: Metropolitan Statistical Area STRATA Groups of Non-self-representing (NSR) PSUs which have specified characteristics in common. The process of making these groupings is called stratification. NSR PSUs were stratified by combining PSUs with similar population characteristics which include: -62-

  1. Crime rate (based on Uniform Crime Report data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation)
  2. Percent urban
  3. Average value of owned housing units
  4. Average rent of rented housing units

T TARGET POPULATION The population that sample estimates are designed to describe. The NCVS estimates crime levels and victimization rates for the population of households and of individuals 12 years of age and older living in households and group quarters in the United States and the District of Columbia. Excluded are persons who are crews of vessels, in institutions (e.g., prisons and nursing homes), or members of the armed forces living in military barracks. TELEPHONE INTERVIEWS See: Interviews, Type of TENURE Manner in which living quarters are held.

  1. Owned or being bought: if owner or co-owner is a household member of the unit, even if the unit is

mortgaged or not fully paid for. Owner need not be head of household. A cooperative apartment or condominium unit is owned or being bought only if the owner lives in it.

  1. Rented for cash: if any money rent is paid or contracted for by any persons.
  2. Without cash rent: Includes units not owned, being bought, or rented for cash; usually provided in

exchange for services or as a gift. See also: Living Quarters THEFT Completed or attempted theft of property or cash without personal contact. Incidents involving theft of property from within the same household would classify as theft if the offender has a legal right to be in the house (such as a maid, delivery person, or guest). If the offender has no legal right to be in the house, the incident would classify as a burglary. Theft is classified as a property crime, and the household weight should be used for estimates. This definition applies only from January 1993. Before that date, theft was classified as household (household larceny) or personal (personal larceny without contact, personal larceny with contact, i.e., pocket-picking or purse- snatching). The primary distinguishing attribute of personal and household larceny was location, with thefts away from the home classed as personal and thefts at home defined as household. See also: Crimes, robbery, forcible entry, unlawful, entry, attempted forcible entry, burglary, motor vehicle theft THREAT A threatening situation is one in which there was no physical contact between the offender and victim but the victim felt that physical harm could have occurred. This includes nonverbal threats, e.g., brandishing a weapon, and verbal threats of physical harm which are made in person. Threats made over the telephone or threatening letters are not included. See also: Attack TIME LOST FROM WORK Number of cumulative days all affected household members were absent from work due to a crime. It can be time lost because injuries sustained in the incident kept the victim from returning to work immediately, or time taken off work by a household member to do things related to the incident such as visiting a doctor, reporting the incident to the police, seeing an insurance agent, or testifying in court. Since 1979, victims are asked in more detail about -63- their work time losses. TRANSIENT/NONTRANSIENT A transient place is a special place in which more than 25 percent of the rooms, suites, or cabins are occupied or intended for occupancy by transient guests. Transient guests usually stay less than a month and pay at daily rates. A nontransient place is one in which 75 percent or more of the rooms, suites, or cabins are occupied or intended for occupancy by nontransient (permanent) guest or resident employees. Permanent guests usually stay a month or more at reduced monthly or weekly rates. See also: Living Quarters U UA See: Urbanized Area (UA) UNCLASSIFIED UNITS See: Special Place UNEMPLOYED In the NCVS, civilians age 16 and older who were not "at work" during the reference week are considered unemployed if they were available for work and:

  1. had been "looking for work" within the past four weeks
  2. were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid-off or
  3. were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days.

See also: Major Activity UNIT SEGMENT See: Segment UNLAWFUL ENTRY (WITHOUT FORCE) A form of burglary in which the offender has no legal right to be on the premises, even though no force was used to gain entrance. See also: Burglary, Forcible Entry, Attempted Forcible Entry UNRECOGNIZABLE BUSINESS See: Operation of Business UPDATING Addition to, and correction of, original listing sheets which insures that every unit in the segment has a chance to be selected for interview. Remodeled, no longer existing, replacement, demolished, converted-to-commercial, merged, newly-constructed, and converted-to-residential structures or units moved into are accounted for in updating procedures. Permit segments are not updated. See also: Listing, Segment URBAN -64- Census designation for persons living in places of 2,500 or more inhabitants incorporated as cities, boroughs, villages, and towns (except towns in New England, New York and Wisconsin); the densely settled urban fringe, whether incorporated or unincorporated, or urbanized areas; and unincorporated places of 2,500 or more inhabitants. See also: Rural, Place, Land Use URBANIZED AREA (UA) A broad geographical location containing a central city (or twin cities) of 50,000 or more inhabitants and the surrounding closely settled incorporated and unincorporated areas. It differs from an SMSA chiefly in excluding the rural portions of counties in an SMSA and those places separated from the densely populated fringe by rural territory. The boundaries are not considered permanent. Urbanized areas may not be uniquely identified with NCVS data files. See also: Central City, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, Place Description Code V VACANT HOUSING UNIT A housing unit where no persons are residing during the interview period, or any persons found living there usually reside elsewhere. See also: Housing Unit, Place of Residence VALUE OF PROPERTY TAKEN Excludes stolen cash and does not include property stolen from non-household members or recognizable businesses, nor does it include stolen checks, credit cards, travelers checks, cashier's checks, etc. VANDALISM Deliberate, intentional damage to or destruction of household property (e.g.: breaking windows, slashing tires, painting graffiti on walls). VARIANCE A statistic equal to the standard error squared used to express the precision of an estimate. See also: Standard Error, Estimate VICTIM In the NCVS, the person or household involved in a criminal act during the specified reference period, for whom an Incident Report was completed. See also: Victimization VICTIM-OFFENDER RELATIONSHIP The respondent is asked to specify one of six broad categories indicating how well the victim knew the offender in a crime incident in which the victim was present:

  1. Stranger: someone the victim had never seen before
  2. By sight only: someone the victim had seen before, but had not said more than "hello" to
  3. Casual acquaintance: someone the victim knew well enough to say more than "hello" to
  4. Well-known: someone the victim had considered as such. The victim's judgment alone distinguishes

-65- between "casual acquaintances" and "well known". Well-known offenders are classified as relatives or non-relatives.

  1. Relative: by type of relationship. Subcategories are:

a. spouse at times of incident b. ex-spouse at time of incident c. parent or step-parent d. own child or step-child e. brother/sister f. other relative (specified by respondent) 1979 NOTE: The category "ex-spouse" was added as a separate category in 1979. Prior to that, interviewers were instructed to code "ex-spouse" as "other relative".

  1. Non-relative (i.e.: friends or close acquaintances). Subcategories are:

a. boyfriend, girlfriend, ex-boyfriend, ex-girlfriend b. friend or ex-friend c. roommate, boarder d. schoolmate e. neighbor f. someone at work, customer g. other non-relative (specified by respondent) In crime incidents involving multiple offenders, the respondent may specify whether the offenders were:

  1. All strangers to the victim
  2. All relatives (by type of relationship)
  3. Some relatives (by type of relationship)
  4. All known
  5. Some known

VICTIMIZATION A specific criminal act as it affects a single victim. In criminal acts against persons, the number of victimizations is determined by the number of victims of such acts. Each criminal act against a household is assumed to involve a single victim, the affected household. See also: Crimes, Incident, Victim, Victimization Rate, Household Victimization, Personal Victimization VICTIMIZATION RATE A measure of crime occurrence among population groups at risk. Rates can be calculated for the general population (e.g.: the number of criminal victimizations per 1,000 persons or households) or for any crime type and demographic measure (e.g.: the number of burglaries per 1,000 urban households or the number of robberies per 1,000 males). As used in BJS publications:

  1. For crimes against persons, the victimization rate is computed on the basis of the number of

victimizations per 1,000 resident population age 12 and over

  1. For crimes against households, victimization rates are calculated on the basis of the number of incidents

per 1,000 households. See the separate note on computation of rates. See also: Weight, Victimization W WEAPON Items such as guns (pistols, revolvers, rifles, shotguns, etc.) and knives are always considered weapons. Other objects are not considered weapons unless they are used as weapons; if the respondent felt threatened by the object, then it is considered a weapon. The following items are not considered as weapons for the purposes of the NCVS: mace, tear gas, items of food, small empty cans, animals, parts of the body, BB and tear gas guns (except when used as clubs). Weapons other than guns or knives, e.g., rocks, clubs, etc., are not individually identifiable -66- in the data files. WEIGHT A factor applied to a sample element that allows computation of the size of the population the element represents. When a sample is interviewed, each incident or victimization represents a probable percentage of all cases if the total population were to be interviewed. Accordingly, each case is assigned a numerical coefficient, or weight, expressing its relative importance in a frequency distribution equaling that of the sample to the whole. Thus, multiplying each case by its assigned weight and summing over all cases provides an estimate of the entire population. Because there are different proportions in the samples of households, persons and incidents with respect to all possible households, persons, and incidents in the surveys, there are different weights for each. See also: Household Weight, Incident Weight, Person Weight, Estimate, Self-Weighting WORKING Working for pay or profit; working without pay on family farm or business; or working on jury duty, if being paid for it. See also: Major Activity DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 census.gov June 21, 2023 MEMORANDUM FOR Heather N. Brotsos Chief, Victimization Statistics Unit Bureau of Justice Statistics Through: Meagan M. Meuchel Survey Director, National Crime Victimization Survey From: Anthony G. Tersine, Jr. Chief, Demographic Statistical Methods Division Subject: Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey The purpose of this memorandum is to record and communicate the source and accuracy of the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). This document provides quality measures and nonresponse bias analysis in accordance with the U.S. Census Bureau’s Quality Standards. The U.S. Census Bureau reviewed the underlying data product for this report for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied to this release. CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082. If you have any questions about this document, please contact Forest Krueger at forest.krueger@census.gov or 301.763.5061, Zackary Scalyer at zackary.scalyer@census.gov or 301.763.0445. Attachment: Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. cc: Rachel Morgan (BJS) Jennifer Truman Steven Bittner (ADDP) Edward Madrid Emily Mohn Megan Ruhnke Christopher Seamands Scott Raudabaugh (DSD) James Farber (DSMD) David Hornick Forest Krueger Consuela Payton Zackary Scalyer DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Page intentionally left blank DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Demographic Statistical Methods Division Sample, Design, and Estimation Pool Source and Accuracy Statement for the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Version 1.0 June 21, 2023 Forest Krueger Zackary Scalyer James Farber, Assistant Division Chief David V. Hornick, Lead Scientist i DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1 SOURCE OF THE DATA ........................................................................................................... 1 KEY MEASURES................................................................................................................................ 1 SAMPLE DESIGN............................................................................................................................... 1 WEIGHTING .................................................................................................................................... 2 ACCURACY OF THE ESTIMATES............................................................................................... 3 RESPONSE RATES ............................................................................................................................. 4 Overall Response Rates ........................................................................................................... 5 Response Rates by Domain ..................................................................................................... 7 Respondent Distributions ........................................................................................................ 9 Modeled Response Estimates ............................................................................................... 11 ITEM RESPONSE AND IMPUTATION RATES ........................................................................................... 14 COVERAGE .................................................................................................................................... 15 SAMPLE ATTRITION......................................................................................................................... 16 VARIANCE ESTIMATION ....................................................................................................... 17 DIRECT VARIANCE ESTIMATION ......................................................................................................... 17 GENERALIZED VARIANCE FUNCTION ................................................................................................... 18 SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 19 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 20 ii DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Tables Table 1: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Weight Distributions ............................................ 3 Table 3: Response Rates and Standard Errors for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Households ........................................................................................................................... 7 Table 4: Weighted Response Rates and Standard Errors for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Persons ..................................................................................................................... 9 Table 5: Weighted Respondent Distributions for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Households ......................................................................................................................... 10 Table 6: Respondent Distributions for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Persons ............... 11 Table 7: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Response Model Observations and C-Statistics. 12 Table 8: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Modeled Response Estimates ............................ 13 Table 11: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Person Coverage Ratios by Race/Ethnicity/Age and Sex ............................................................................................................................... 16 Table 12: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Attrition Rates by Time in Sample ................... 17 Table 13: Coefficient of Variation (CV) of 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Key Estimates . 18 Table 14: National Crime Victimization Survey Generalized Variance Function Parameters ............. 19 Table 15: Correlations for comparing 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Estimates to Previous Years .................................................................................................................... 22 Table 16: Model Variables for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Nonresponse Bias Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 23 Figures Figure 1: National Crime Victimization Survey Annual Workloads........................................................ 2 Figure 2: Annual Weighted National Crime Victimization Survey Response Rates ............................... 6 Figure 3: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Overall Property Crimes . 27 Figure 4: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Domain Property Crimes 28 Figure 5: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Overall Person Crimes .... 29 Figure 6: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Domain Person Crimes ... 30 1 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Introduction The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is a nationally representative household survey sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). It is the nation's leading source of information on criminal victimization, both reported and not reported to police. The U. S. Census Bureau (Census Bureau) serves as the primary data collection organization for the NCVS by conducting interviews and processing sample data on a monthly basis. This source and accuracy statement presents quality measures and nonresponse bias analysis from the NCVS interviews collected in 2022. The Census Bureau and BJS follow statistical quality standards and data quality guidelines to ensure the utility, objectivity, and integrity of all statistical information released to sponsors and the public. Any NCVS quality measures that do not meet the Census Bureau quality standards are noted in this report. For detailed documentation of the Census Bureau statistical quality standards, refer to the Census Bureau website (www.census.gov). For detailed documentation of the BJS data quality guidelines, refer to the BJS website (www.bjs.ojp.gov). For a detailed description of NCVS sample design, data collection, weighting, and estimation, refer to the NCVS Technical Documentation on the BJS website (www.bjs.ojp.gov). Source of the Data Key Measures The NCVS provides estimates of the number and rate of victimizations in a year for all crime categories. These estimates are created for the entire United States as well as for smaller domains defined by demographic characteristics of the victim or whether the crime was reported to the police. The key measures for the NCVS are rates and totals for: • crimes of violence, • serious violence (rape/sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault), • property crimes, and • crimes not reported to the police. Key domains are: • sex, • race/Hispanic origin, and • age. Sample Design The NCVS is a panel, or longitudinal, survey in which persons at each housing unit or group quarters address are interviewed every six months, for a total of up to seven interviews. The annual workloads presented in Figure 1 count every interview attempt at each sampled 2 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 address, so many addresses are counted twice within a year. The annual workload increased from 256,500 in 2021 to 257,500 in 2022. Figure 1: National Crime Victimization Survey Annual Workloads Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 1996-2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. Weighting The NCVS uses six sets of weights to create estimates of the population, crime victimizations, and crime incidents1 for households and persons. Refer to the NCVS Technical Documentation (www.bjs.ojp.gov) for a description of how each weight is created. Starting in 2020, the NCVS implemented a new extreme weight adjustment that will apply to all future NCVS cycles. The purpose of this adjustment is to reduce the impact on the estimates from respondents who report an unusually high number of victimizations. Extreme cases are identified as any single interview where the respondent reported at least 11 incidents (including series incidents2 up to ten times) and the sum of final victimization weights for the interview is in the top three percent among all victims of the same crime type3. The victimization weights for extreme cases are capped at the 97th percentile among all victims of the same crime type. Final person and household weights are adjusted by the same factor for 1 Incidents are distinguished from victimizations in that one criminal incident may have multiple victims or victimizations. 2 Series crimes are high frequency, repeat victimizations. When one type of crime occurred more than five times within one six-month period, the different incidents were similar to each other, and the respondent could not recall details to distinguish the different incidents from each other, respondents were recorded as having experienced series crimes and details were collected about the most recent incident only. 3 Crime categories used to identify extreme household interviews are all property, burglary/trespassing, motor vehicle theft, and other theft. Crime categories used to identify extreme person interviews are all violent, rape/sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault. An interview is flagged as extreme if it meets extreme criteria within at least one crime type. 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Annual HU Workload Year 3 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 extreme cases, and the removed weights are allocated to all other respondents (including victims and non-victims). This adjustment is done at the national level after the population ratio adjustment, so population totals for individual states and demographic groups are slightly different from independent population controls used in the ratio adjustment. Table 1 shows the distribution of the six final weights used in the NCVS. Table 1: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Weight Distributions Weight Min 1st Quartile Median Mean 3rd Quartile Max Sum Person 98 682 1,065 1,244 1,599 12,109 282,304,639 Person Victimization 309 1,337 2,194 3,113 3,468 60,908 6,786,936 Person Incident 65 1,240 2,004 2,932 3,356 43,069 6,392,133 Household 83 533 796 913 1,215 5,326 131,259,549 Household Victimization 197 980 1,466 1,823 2,378 47,798 13,426,686 Household Incident 197 980 1,466 1,823 2,378 47,798 13,426,686 Source: Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. Victimization and incident weights can be larger than sample unit weights because they are for different time periods. Two full six-month samples are used to produce estimates for a whole year. When counting crimes, the total crimes in the year are counted, regardless of the six- month period within which they occurred. However, when counting total persons or households, only the equivalent of one full sample is counted and the weights are adjusted by one half. Therefore, the unbounded single victimization weights are twice as large as the household and person weights for each individual sample unit. Incident weights are equal to victimization weights unless the crime incident involved more than one person – a concept that does not apply to household crimes. The weighted sums represent the total person/household populations and total number of victimizations and incidents. Accuracy of the Estimates A sample survey estimate has two types of error: sampling and nonsampling. The accuracy of an estimate depends on both types of error. The nature of the sampling error is known given the survey design; the full extent of the nonsampling error is unknown. Since the NCVS estimates come from a sample, they may differ from counts or rates based on an enumeration of the entire population using the same questionnaires, instructions, and interviewers. For a given estimator, the difference between an estimate based on a sample and the estimate that would result if the sample were to include the entire population is known as sampling error. Standard errors, which are presented below, are primarily measures of the magnitude of sampling error. However, they may include some nonsampling error. For a given estimator, the difference between the estimate that would result if the sample were to include the entire population and the true population value being estimated is known as nonsampling error. There are several sources of nonsampling error that may occur during the 4 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 development or execution of the survey. It can occur because of circumstances created by the interviewer, the respondent, the survey instrument, or the way the data are collected and processed. For example, nonsampling errors could occur because: • The interviewer records the wrong answer, the respondent provides incorrect information, the respondent estimates the requested information, or an unclear survey question is misunderstood by the respondent (measurement error). • Some individuals who should have been included in the survey frame were missed (coverage error). • Responses are not collected from all sample units, or the respondent is unwilling to provide information (nonresponse error). • The values are estimated imprecisely for missing data (imputation error). • Data may be incorrectly keyed, coded, or recoded (processing error). To minimize these errors, the Census Bureau applies quality control procedures during all stages of the production process including the design of the survey, wording of questions, review of the work of interviewers and coders, and statistical review of reports. This section describes the sources of nonsampling error that can be examined and measurements of sampling error. In accordance with Census Bureau and Office of Management and Budget Quality Standards (U.S. Census Bureau, 2023; Office of Management and Budget, 2006), this section also includes an assessment of nonresponse bias in the 2022 NCVS. All significance testing uses α=0.05. All counts are rounded to the nearest hundred, and weighted sums are rounded to the nearest thousand. Unweighted and weighted values may not sum to overall totals due to rounding. Rates and significance testing are based on unrounded numbers. All comparisons in this report are significant unless stated otherwise. Response Rates The NCVS has two different levels of unit response: household and within-household (or person). If no persons within the household complete the person interview, the sample unit is considered a household nonresponse. If at least one person completes the person interview, the household is a sufficient partial response (not complete, but enough information to be considered a response). If all persons in the household complete person interviews, the household is a complete response. Person interviews are considered within-household response provided the person completes the screener questions and the crime incident report questions (if applicable). If two or more screener questions are not answered for any reason, the person is converted to within-household nonresponse in post data collection processing. The following sub-sections present overall response rates and nonresponse bias analysis in the form of response rates by subpopulation domains, respondent and nonrespondent distributions, and modeled response estimates. Household response rate calculations use household sampling weights, which are the inverse of the probability of sample selection 5 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 multiplied by subsampling factors. Person response rate calculations use the household weights adjusted for household nonresponse. The NCVS collects demographic information during the interview, so households that have not previously responded to the NCVS have missing demographic data. Since missing data are correlated with nonresponse, all cases with missing data were removed from the analysis to allow for evaluation of reported demographics. Overall Response Rates The NCVS calculates separate household and within-household response rates as the ratio of complete respondents and sufficient partials over in-scope households or persons. The product of these two response rates is the overall person response rate. Table 2 shows the weighted and unweighted household, within-household, and overall response rates for the 2022 NCVS. Table 2: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Response Rates Response Category Count Weighted Sum Response/Nonresponse Rates Unweighted Weighted Sampled addresses 268,000 151,700,000 In-scope 225,000 126,200,000 Household response 144,000 82,440,000 63.9% 65.3% Type A nonresponse 81,000 43,790,000 30.2% 28.9% Refusal 66,000 35,090,000 29.3% 27.8% No one home 8,500 5,148,000 3.8% 4.1% Temporarily absent 550 346,000 0.3% 0.3% Language barrier 850 476,700 0.4% 0.4% Other nonresponse reason 5,200 2,723,000 2.3% 2.2% Out-of-scope 43,500 25,440,000 Type B noninterview – vacant/URE* 30,000 17,520,000 Type C noninterview – out-of-scope 14,000 7,921,000 Persons 12+ within responding households 278,000 244,500,000 Within-household response 227,000 201,700,000 81.7% 82.5% Within-household nonresponse 51,000 42,850,000 18.3% 17.5% Refusal 29,000 23,800,000 10.4% 9.7% Temporarily absent 850 776,400 0.3% 0.3% Never available 19,500 16,500,000 7.0% 6.7% Other nonresponse reason 2,000 1,784,000 0.7% 0.7% Overall person response 52.2% 53.9% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. URE – Housing units that are temporarily occupied by persons who have a usual residence elsewhere. Type A nonresponse contains sample addresses that are eligible for interview but none of the persons could be interviewed during the interview period. Type B noninterviews contain units that are vacant or occupied by persons who have a usual residence elsewhere (URE). They are ineligible during the current interview period, but they could become eligible at a later time. Type C units are permanently ineligible, and include demolished units, condemned units, units that have been converted to permanent business or storage, unlocatable addresses, etc. 6 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Because Type C cases are permanently ineligible for the NCVS, they are not sent out for later interviews. The total number of sampled addresses (268,000) in Table 2 includes approximately 10,500 previous Type C units that were originally scheduled to be interviewed in 2021 but were not sent out for another interview in 2022. The sample size presented in the Source of the Data section (257,500) was the number of addresses sent out for interview in 2022. Figure 2 below shows the weighted response rates for past NCVS years. Figure 2: Annual Weighted National Crime Victimization Survey Response Rates Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 1996-2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. Some degree of nonresponse bias and variance are normal features of almost all statistical surveys. The NCVS produces crime estimates using the answers from responding households and persons. These crime estimates will be biased if answers from respondents differ from the potential answers of nonrespondents. The magnitude of nonresponse bias is a function of the response rate and differences between respondents and nonrespondents. One of the ways in which the NCVS attempts to minimize nonresponse bias is by increasing response rates and adjusting weights for potential differences between respondents and nonrespondents. Measures to increase response rates include conducting in-person interviews with new sample units, mailing advanced letters for all sample units, providing a Spanish language questionnaire for potential respondents who do not speak English, allowing interpreters for potential respondents who do not speak English or Spanish, training interviewers to gain respondent cooperation, allowing proxy respondents in special circumstances, and mailing follow-up letters to nonresponding households. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Weighted Response Rate Year Household Person Overall 7 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Despite the measures taken to reduce nonresponse bias, there may still be some amount of nonresponse bias that cannot be corrected without knowing the victimizations of the nonrespondents. The next three sub-sections examine potential nonresponse bias in the 2022 NCVS. Response Rates by Domain The response rates represent the percentage of eligible sample cases that responded to the NCVS. It is useful to compare response rates for different subgroups to understand the magnitude of potential biases. Response rates are defined as: 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 = ∑ 𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∈𝑠𝑠 ∑ 𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∈𝑠𝑠 where: 𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖= the appropriate weight (1 if unweighted) for the response rate calculation 𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖 = the response indicator (1 for respondents, 0 for nonrespondents) 𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖 = the domain indicator (1 if within domain of interest, 0 otherwise) 𝑠𝑠 = the set of all eligible households or persons Table 3 provides the unweighted and weighted household counts, weighted response rate, and standard error for each subgroup. Standard errors are conditional on the sample and represent expected variability in the response process, rather than traditional sampling error. Replicate weights were used to calculate the standard errors to account for the sample design. Table 2: Response Rates and Standard Errors for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Households Characteristic Unweighted Households Weighted Households Weighted Response Rate % Standard Error % Sig Grp Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Status Principal city within MSA 73,000 42,890,000 63.5% 0.47% C Not part of principal city within MSA 122,000 66,260,000 65.6% 0.35% B Outside of a MSA 30,500 17,070,000 68.8% 1.01% A Urban/Rural Status Urban 181,000 102,500,000 64.5% 0.68% B Rural 43,500 23,690,000 68.9% 0.28% A Race of Reference Person^ White only 143,000 80,060,000 81.9% 0.25% A Black only 21,500 12,490,000 77.9% 0.50% B One other race only 11,000 6,550,000 78.9% 0.52% B Two or more races 2,600 1,440,000 81.7% 0.93% A Overall 225,000 126,200,000 65.3% 0.29% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey.

  • Significance grouping - response rates with the same letter are not significantly different within each characteristic.

^ May not sum to overall totals because households with missing or imputed characteristic data are excluded. Households with missing or imputed data for each characteristic were excluded from the analysis in Table 3. The sampling frame contains Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status and 8 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 urban/rural status for all sample units, but race of reference person is collected during the NCVS interview. For nonresponding households, the race of reference person comes from prior interviews, or from data collected from households that were converted to noninterviews in post data collection processing due to insufficient data. Therefore, nonresponding households with no prior interviews are excluded from the denominator of the response rates for race of reference person, making these rates all higher than the overall response rate. The significance grouping column (Sig Grp) indicates which demographic groups are significantly different from the others4. All response rates identified with the same letter are not significantly different from each other, with A indicating the highest response rates, B indicating the next highest rates, and so on. In the race of reference person category, for example, white only and two or more races had a significantly higher response rate the other two categories, but white only and two or more races were not significantly different from each other. The overall weighted response rate for 2022 NCVS households was 65.3 percent with a standard error of 0.29 percent. Housing units in the three MSA Status categories are all significantly different, where outside of a MSA had a significantly higher response rate than the other categories, and principal city within MSA had the lowest response rate. Rural households had higher response rates than urban households. Households with white only reference persons and reference persons with two or more races had higher response rates than black only and one other race only reference persons households categories. Table 4 below provides within-household response rates, which do not account for household nonresponse, by subgroup. For all persons in the NCVS, the within-household weighted response rate was 82.5 percent with a standard error of 0.24 percent. Persons with missing or imputed data for each characteristic are excluded from the analysis, and nonrespondents are assigned to characteristics reported in a prior interview. Females had a higher response rate than males. White only and black only persons had higher response rates than both Hispanic and non-Hispanic other races. The South region had the highest response rate, and the other regions were not significantly different from each other. The different age groups all had different response rates, with higher response rates for older respondent groups. The largest differences in response rates were seen in the age variable, where the rates ranged from 54.3 percent for persons age 12 to 17 to 92.2 percent for persons age 65 and older. 4 P-values adjusted for multiple comparisons within each demographic characteristic using the Tukey-Kramer correction (Hayter, 1984 and Rafter et al., 2002). 9 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 3: Weighted Response Rates and Standard Errors for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Persons Characteristic Unweighted Persons^ Weighted Persons^ Weighted Response Rate % Standard Error % Sig Grp* Sex Male 134,000 118,100,000 81.5% 0.27% B Female 143,000 126,300,000 83.4% 0.25% A Age 12-17 20,000 17,570,000 54.3% 0.76% F 18-24 22,500 19,770,000 67.7% 0.57% E 25-34 37,500 33,170,000 82.9% 0.33% D 35-49 58,500 51,780,000 85.2% 0.26% C 50-64 63,000 55,030,000 86.6% 0.24% B 65 and older 66,000 56,970,000 92.2% 0.19% A Race/Hispanic Origin Hispanic 42,000 42,050,000 79.0% 0.46% B Non-Hispanic white only 184,000 153,900,000 83.9% 0.27% A Non-Hispanic black only 28,000 26,040,000 83.3% 0.52% A Non-Hispanic other races 22,000 20,550,000 79.5% 0.47% B Region Northeast 43,000 42,970,000 80.6% 0.41% B Midwest 77,500 51,610,000 79.9% 0.61% B South 93,500 91,940,000 85.4% 0.45% A West 64,000 58,010,000 81.5% 0.39% B Overall 278,000 244,500,000 82.5% 0.24% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. ^ Subgroups may not sum to overall totals because persons with missing/imputed characteristic data are excluded.

  • Significance grouping - response rates with the same letter not significantly different within each characteristic.

Respondent Distributions Respondent and nonrespondent distributions show the relative percent contribution of members of a domain subset to respondent and nonrespondent populations separately. This is different than the response rates, which are the relative percent of respondents within the different domain subsets. Respondent distributions are defined as: 𝑅𝑅𝐷𝐷 = ∑ 𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∈𝑠𝑠 ∑ 𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∈𝑠𝑠 This definition assumes the same eligibility criteria, weights, and indicators as the response rate calculations in the previous section. Nonrespondent distributions use the same formula, but with the 𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖 variable indicating nonrespondents instead of respondents. The Rao-Scott Chi- square test (Rao and Scott, 1984) determines if respondent and nonrespondent distributions differ, using replicate weights to account for the sample design. Table 5 shows the percent of total sample distribution, as well as comparisons of respondent and nonrespondent distributions for NCVS households within the different domain subgroups. As in Table 3, households that had missing or imputed values were excluded from this analysis, and race of reference person came from prior interviews for nonrespondents. 10 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 The Rao-Scott Chi-square test in the two right columns evaluates whether each characteristic has different respondent and nonrespondent distributions. All characteristics show significant distribution differences, but this does not necessarily indicate that the differences are large enough to suggest nonresponse bias. Nonresponse bias occurs when differences are correlated with the outcome of interest, namely criminal victimization. If the differences between respondents and nonrespondents are related to different rates of criminal victimization, there is nonresponse bias. There is no way to know the nonrespondents’ victimizations, so the amount of nonresponse bias is unknown. Table 4: Weighted Respondent Distributions for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Households Percent of Total Sample Household Respondent % Household Nonrespondent % Chi-Square Statistic {df} P-value Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Status Principal city within MSA 34.0% 33.0% 35.8% 28.6 {2} <.0001Not part of principal city within MSA 52.5% 52.7% 52.1% Outside of a MSA 13.5% 14.2% 12.2% Urban/Rural Status Urban 81.2% 80.2% 83.2% 42.1 {1} <.0001 Rural 18.8% 19.8% 16.8% Race of Reference Person White only 79.6% 80.3% 76.7% 113.7 {3} <.0001 Black only 12.4% 11.9% 14.6% One other race only 6.5% 6.3% 7.3% Two or more races 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. df – Degrees of freedom. Table 6 shows the percent of total sample distribution, as well as comparisons of respondent and nonrespondent distributions for NCVS persons within the different domain subgroups. Similar to households, the Rao-Scott Chi-square tests show significant differences for the distributions of all variables. The distributions for age show substantial differences between the respondent and nonrespondent distributions, which correspond to the magnitude of the Chi- square test statistic. The differences found in response rates and distributions among domain groups between respondents and nonrespondents are accounted for in the nonresponse weighting adjustments at both household level and person level. All domain variables examined in the nonresponse analysis are included to form the nonresponse adjustment cells. Nonresponse adjustment factors are then calculated by allocating the weight of nonrespondents to respondents. The nonresponse adjustment is designed to minimize the nonresponse impact in the final victimization estimates. 11 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 5: Respondent Distributions for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Persons Characteristic Percent of Total Sample Person Respondent % Person Nonrespondent % Chi-Square Statistic {df} P-value Sex Male 48.3% 47.8% 51.0% 96.1 {1} <.0001 Female 51.7% 52.2% 49.0% Age 12-17 7.5% 4.9% 20.3% 9988.2 {5} <.0001 18-24 8.4% 6.9% 16.1% 25-34 14.2% 14.1% 14.4% 35-49 22.1% 22.7% 19.3% 50-64 23.5% 24.5% 18.6% 65 and older 24.3% 27.0% 11.3% Race/ Hispanic Origin Hispanic 17.3% 16.6% 21.0% 178.8 {3} <.0001 Non-Hispanic white only 63.5% 64.4% 58.8% Non-Hispanic black only 10.7% 10.8% 10.3% Non-Hispanic other races 8.5% 8.2% 10.0% Region Northeast 17.6% 17.2% 19.5% 102.1 {3} <.0001 Midwest 21.1% 20.4% 24.3% South 37.6% 38.9% 31.3% West 23.7% 23.5% 25.0% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. df – Degrees of freedom. Modeled Response Estimates Nonresponse bias is a function of the response rate and the difference between the respondents and the nonrespondents on a specific variable of interest. One challenge of nonresponse bias analysis is that there is no way to know the key items for nonrespondents. The nonresponse bias analysis in this section applied multivariate regression to predict responses to key items for both respondents and nonrespondents, then compared the model- based estimates for respondents and the full sample (methods described in Andridge and Little, 2011). Several sources of data were used, in addition to the 2022 NCVS interview data, for this analysis. Census block and tract demographic characteristics were included from the 2020 Census and from 2016-2020 American Community Survey (ACS) results. Census data comes from internal Census Bureau files and ACS data is available to the public on the Planning Database (U.S. Census Bureau, 2022). County-level crime data were included from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program from 2016, and the State of Illinois data from 20165. The models were constructed using the NCVS respondent data, then applied to respondents and nonrespondents to produce complete response predictions. A total of five responses were predicted using five different models: 5 Historically, Illinois has not provided their crime reports to the FBI, so the UCR contains imputed data for Illinois. Therefore, instead of using UCR Illinois data, this analysis used the data directly from the State of Illinois. 12 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 • Households: o Did the household disclose any property crimes (yes/no)? o Did the household disclose any property crimes NOT reported to the police (yes/no)? • Persons: o Did the person disclose any crimes of violence (yes/no)? o Did the person disclose any crimes of serious violence (yes/no)? o Did the person disclose any personal crimes (including purse snatching and pocket picking) NOT reported to the police (yes/no)? For each question, a stepwise logistic regression model was generated, excluding observations missing any covariate data. Each model produced a predicted propensity of victimization (values ranging from 0 to 1) for all sample units with complete covariate information. Table 7 indicates the number of completed NCVS interviews and the number of observations that had no missing covariates and were ultimately used to develop each model. For a complete list of the variables used within each model, see Appendix B. Table 6: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Response Model Observations and C-Statistics Model Completed Interviews Model Observations Model C-Statistic Property Crimes 144,000 144,000 0.687 Property Crimes Not Reported to Police 144,000 144,000 0.701 Personal Violent Crimes 227,000 217,000 0.764 Personal Serious Violent Crimes 227,000 219,000 0.793 Personal Crimes Not Reported to Police 227,000 217,000 0.786 Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation 2016 Uniform Crime Report data; U.S. Census Bureau 2016-2020 American Community Survey data, internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey, and 2010 Census data. Table 7 also presents the c-statistics for each model, which measure the goodness-of-fit of a logistic regression and range from 0.5 to 1.0. A c-statistic of 0.5 indicates that the model is no better than chance at predicting whether a member belongs to a particular group, whereas a c- statistic of 1.0 indicates that the model perfectly predicts the inclusion within a group. Models are typically considered reasonable when the c-statistic is higher than 0.7 and strong when the c-statistic exceeds 0.8 (Hosmer & Lemeshow, 2000). Using these criteria, the first model, “property crimes”, is not reliable enough to use for the remaining analysis. Outcomes were predicted for each person (or household) in the sample using the victimization propensities. For each model, the victimization propensities for the sample were ordered from form largest to smallest, and the top propensities above a calculated cutoff were assigned a one (predicted to be a victim of a crime). The cutoff was calculated as the sum of all sample propensities, rounded to the next whole number. For example, the sum of the sample propensities in the serious violent crimes model was 871.39, and thus the top 871 propensities were assigned a one. 13 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 The modeled response estimates in Table 8 are calculated as the percent of persons with at least one predicted victimization in a six-month period for the nonrespondents, respondents, and the full sample. This definition is different from the NCVS victimization rate estimates, which are the annual victimizations per 1,000 persons. The household base weight used for these estimates is the sampling base weight, while the person base weight is the sampling base weight after adjusting for household nonresponse. All persons within the same responding household have the same person base weight. Estimates using nonresponse adjusted weights are also included to show how the nonresponse adjustment affects the estimates from just the respondents. Table 7: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Modeled Response Estimates Model Weight Full Sample Nonrespondents Respondents 95% CI* for Respondents Property Crimes Not Reported to Police Base weight 2.85% 2.57% 2.99% 2.61%-3.38% Nonresponse adjusted weight 2.95% 2.61%-3.29% Violent Crimes Base weight 0.76% 0.29% 0.85% 0.76%-0.95% Nonresponse adjusted weight 0.83% 0.74%-0.93% Serious Violence Base weight 0.36% 0.10% 0.41% 0.33%-0.50% Nonresponse adjusted weight 0.39% 0.31%-0.48% Person Crimes Not Reported to Police Base weight 0.44% 0.20% 0.48% 0.40%-0.57% Nonresponse adjusted weight 0.48% 0.40%-0.56% Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation 2016 Uniform Crime Report data, U.S. Census Bureau 2016-2020 American Community Survey data, internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey, and 2020 Census data. CI – Confidence Interval. Using replicate weights, 95 percent confidence intervals were included for each of the respondent means in Table 8. For all crime types, the full-sample estimates fell inside the corresponding 95 percent confidence interval for the respondent mean.6 Therefore, for these crime types, this analysis could not detect a difference in the modeled estimates between the full sample and the respondents alone, indicating no evidence of nonresponse bias. It is important to remember that these estimates are calculated from predictions of personal crime victimization for both respondents and nonrespondents and may not match actual response data. Due to the model design, the predicted values mimic the victimization patterns observed among respondents, but there is no guarantee that these predictions match what would be observed if all persons responded to the NCVS. There is no way to know the true responses of nonrespondents, but these modeled predictions provide the best available insight into nonresponse bias. 6 Due to rounding, the full-sample estimate of modeled violent crimes is shown as equivalent to the lower 95% confidence bound for the respondent mean. 14 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Item Response and Imputation Rates Respondents sometimes do not answer specific questions because they do not know the answer, or they refuse to provide the answer. NCVS editing and coding operations may fill in missing values or create new missing values if the interviewer notes indicate that the interview should have taken a different path through the instrument. The item response rates presented in Table 9 are based on the original interview data before editing and coding. For exact question wording, refer to the NCVS questionnaires available on the BJS website (www.bjs.ojp.gov). Table 9: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Weighted Item Response Rates Key item Response Rate* Person Demographics Age 96.6% Race 99.1% Sex 100.0% Hispanic Origin 99.8% Screener Questions S1-Has anything been stolen? 100.0% S2-Has any vehicle or vehicle part been stolen or used without permission? 100.0% S3-Has anyone attacked or threatened you in any way? 100.0% S4-Have you been forced or coerced to engage in unwanted sexual activity? 99.9% Incident Report Questions I1-Was a household member present when the incident occurred? 98.9% I2-Did the offender hit you, knock you down, or attack you in any way? 99.8% I3-Was something stolen? 99.9% I4-Were police informed? 99.9% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey interviews. Item response rate calculations use final weights. All values of 100% are due to rounding. The NCVS accounts for unit nonresponse through weighting adjustments by assigning the weights of nonrespondents to respondents with similar characteristics. Most item nonresponse is not corrected, and missing values remain in the data. However, the NCVS processing requires valid values for some items, and a subset of items are corrected through hot-deck imputation7. Table 10 presents unweighted rates of item imputation for all such items. The eligible units column indicates all sample cases that required valid values. Some items require values for only respondents, and some items require values for respondents and Type A nonrespondents. The NCVS household data contain imputed values for vacant and out-of-scope (Type B and Type C) noninterviews, but they are not included in this table. 7 Both the original and imputed values are available on the NCVS public use files. 15 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 10: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Unweighted Item Imputation Rates Item Eligible Units Imputed Imputation Rate Household income 144,000 35,500 24.7% Household land use 144,000 2,200 1.5% Household farm sales 144,000 550 0.4% Household reference person race 225,000 47,500 21.1% Person age 278,000 11,000 4.0% Person sex 278,000 200 0.1% Person race* 278,000 2,900 1.0% Person ethnicity 278,000 850 0.3% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey.

  • Household reference person race differs from the person race in the definition of eligible units. Household

reference person race is all eligible housing units including nonresponding units, while person race is all eligible persons within responding housing units. Coverage Coverage errors occur when the total population that could be selected for a sample differs from the survey’s target population. Missed housing units and missed people within sample households create undercoverage, which adds bias to survey estimates if the missed population differs from those interviewed on the key survey items. Duplicate housing units or persons and out-of-scope units (for example vacant housing units, businesses, and institutional group quarters) create overcoverage, which can diminish the precision of estimates. Coverage ratios are the uncontrolled estimated totals divided by independent population controls. The occupied household coverage ratio compares the NCVS weighted sums to the ACS estimates of occupied housing units. The person coverage ratios use annual independent population controls available within the Census Bureau. Table 11 presents the 2022 NCVS person coverage ratios by demographic group and type of weights used. The uncontrolled coverage ratios are calculated using NCVS sampling weights that are adjusted for nonresponse but not adjusted to match independent controls. The controlled coverage ratios are calculated using final weights that are adjusted to match independent controls and include the new extreme weight adjustment. A coverage ratio of one indicates that the survey estimate perfectly matches the independent control. A coverage ratio less than one indicates undercoverage, and a coverage ratio greater than one indicates overcoverage. 16 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 8: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Person Coverage Ratios by Race/Ethnicity/Age and Sex Demographic Category Uncontrolled Controlled Male Female Male Female Overall 0.85 0.88 1.00 1.00 Hispanic 0.80 0.86 1.00 1.00 Non-Hispanic white only 0.90 0.92 1.00 1.00 Non-Hispanic black only 0.72 0.78 1.00 1.00 Non-Hispanic other races 0.83 0.79 1.00 1.00 Age 12-17 0.69 0.66 1.00 1.00 Age 18-24 0.71 0.66 1.00 1.00 Age 25-34 0.77 0.80 1.00 1.00 Age 35-49 0.85 0.89 1.00 1.00 Age 50-64 0.89 0.94 1.00 1.00 Age 65 and older 1.04 1.05 1.00 1.00 Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. The coverage ratios in Table 11 are provided separately for males and females. The uncontrolled coverage ratio for females age 12 to 17 and 18 to 24 and for males age 12-17 are below the Census Bureau standard of 0.7, which indicates potential data quality issues. The combined overall person coverage ratios were 0.86 using uncontrolled weights and 1.00 using controlled weights. The overall occupied housing unit coverage ratios were 0.98 using uncontrolled weights and 1.02 using controlled weights. Sample Attrition The NCVS sample housing units and group quarters are assigned for seven different interviews over a three-year period. The first interview is TIS 1, the second interview is TIS 2, and so on through TIS 7. Each occupied sample unit may respond during one TIS but not respond during another. Table 12 lists the household and person attrition rates for the 2022 NCVS. The attrition rate is the difference in response rates between the current and previous TIS. These measures include all sample units from January through December 2022 and compare their response during 2022 to their responses from six months prior (July 2021 through June 2022). During typical years, the NCVS sample contains an approximately equal distribution of sample units on their first through seventh interviews. During 2020, TIS 1 cases were excluded from six months of data collection (April through September) due to pandemic restrictions. These cases started interviewing for the first time in October 2020 and are counted as TIS 3 and TIS 4 in Table 12. 17 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 92: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Attrition Rates by Time in Sample Time in Sample Unweighted Households Net Attrition Rate Households Persons 1 33,000 - - 2 33,000 -2.30% -0.11% 3 40,500 0.08% -0.80% 4 40,000 -0.25% 0.25% 5 24,000 1.89% -0.08% 6 23,500 -0.96% -0.83% 7 31,500 -0.96% -1.04% Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey. Negative net attrition rates indicate that cases within that time in sample had better overall response rates than their previous time in sample. For example, the household attrition rate for TIS 2 is negative, which indicates that the response rate for persons on TIS 2 in 2022 was higher than the response rate for the same sample cases on TIS 1. Variance Estimation Direct Variance Estimation Variance estimation is a way to quantify the sampling error in a survey estimate. The Census Bureau calculates point estimates for all crime categories in the NCVS crime taxonomy for the entire nation as well as for demographic subsets of the population, or domains. Each estimate is the sum of final victimization/incident weights among respondents who reported each type of incident. All occurrences of series crimes are included in these estimates and are counted based on the number of times the incident occurred within the series, up to a maximum of 10. The variance of these point estimates is calculated using Fay’s balanced repeated replication formula (Fay, 1989) with 160 replicate weights. The coefficient of variation (CV), or relative standard error, provides a standardized way to compare the magnitude of standard errors across different estimates. Table 13 presents the CVs, which are the standard errors divided by the estimates, for key estimates from the 2022 NCVS. Census Bureau standards require that the CV for most key estimates be under 30 percent in order for the data to be released without restrictions. Household demographics are based on the demographics of the reference person, who is any responsible adult household member who is not likely to permanently leave the household. The reference person is usually (but not always) the person who completes the household interview. Age categories are different for property crimes because age distributions of household reference persons are different than age distributions of all persons. 18 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 10: Coefficient of Variation (CV) of 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Key Estimates Key Domains Person Crimes Property Crimes Violent Crimes Serious Violence Crimes per 1000 CVCrimes per 1000 CV Crimes per 1000 CV National total 23.5 3.8% 9.8 5.6% 101.9 2.0% Race = black only 22.2 9.3% 9.4 12.4% 105.7 5.3% Race = not black only 23.7 4.3% 9.9 6.2% 101.3 2.1% Ethnicity = Hispanic 22.6 8.9% 11.0 11.6% 132.3 4.0% Age = 12-24* 32.4 8.0% 13.9 10.9% 147.4 3.6% Age = 25-49** 29.3 6.3% 11.8 8.0% 114.8 3.6% Age = 50+ 14.1 7.1% 6.1 12.2% 76.1 2.8% Crime reported to police 9.7 5.7% 4.7 7.3% 32.4 3.3% Crime not reported to police 13.2 5.1% 5.0 7.9% 68.0 2.3% Sex = Male 23.5 5.2% 9.5 8.6% N/A N/A Sex = Female 23.4 5.3% 10.0 7.7% N/A N/A Source: U.S. Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. For property crimes, this age category is 12-34 For property crimes, this age category is 35-49 Generalized Variance Function Generalized variance functions (GVF) provide a simple way to estimate the variance of any NCVS estimate based on the value of the estimate. The Census Bureau creates GVF parameters by fitting all NCVS estimates to a model that predicts the relative variance of the crime rate as a function of the crime rate. During GVF calculations, estimates are removed from processing if they have absolute studentized residuals above 3.0 and absolute measure of influence (DFFITS) values above 0.22. A complete list of estimates that were removed from the data during iterative GVF modeling is included in Appendix C. Table 14 presents the current and two previous years’ NCVS GVF parameters for overall and domain estimates of person and property crimes. 19 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Table 11: National Crime Victimization Survey Generalized Variance Function Parameters Year Parameter Set # Description a b C 2022 1 Overall Person Crime Estimates -0.00017101 5,590 2.541 2 Person Crime Domain Estimates -0.00038364 3,991 6.208 3 Overall Property Crime Estimates -0.00012374 2,536 1.196 4 Property Crime Domain Estimates -0.00012797 2,767 1.225 2021 1 Overall Person Crime Estimates -0.00030659 2,185 4.992 2 Person Crime Domain Estimates -0.00049937 1,913 8.229 3 Overall Property Crime Estimates -0.00009503 2,761 0.838 4 Property Crime Domain Estimates -0.00012910 2,601 1.239 2020 1 Overall Person Crime Estimates -0.00026442 6,177 4.039 2 Person Crime Domain Estimates -0.00068320 2,338 11.25 3 Overall Property Crime Estimates -0.00013449 2,998 1.256 4 Property Crime Domain Estimates -0.00015281 2,890 1.473 Source: U.S. Census Bureau public data from National Crime Victimization Survey 2020-2022. Using these parameters, data users can calculate variance estimates of any NCVS estimate 𝑡𝑡̂ as: 𝑣𝑣(𝑡𝑡̂) = 𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡̂2 + 𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡̂ + 𝑐𝑐𝑡𝑡̂3/2 Comparisons of direct and GVF variance estimates of household and person victimizations are also included in Appendix C. The GVF parameters perform reasonably well for small estimates but tend to overestimate the variance for larger person crime estimates. When making comparisons to estimates from previous years, use the year-to-year correlation coefficients in Appendix A. Refer to the NCVS Technical Documentation for more on how to use GVF parameters and correlation coefficients to estimate variances. Summary The overall response rate of the 2022 NCVS was 53.9 percent, which causes concern of potential bias in the NCVS estimates. The nonresponse bias analysis in this report found significant differences in response rates between different demographic subgroups. Respondent and nonrespondent distributions are significantly different for all key domains. However, nonresponse weighting adjustments are expected to correct for these differences because the key domains are used in the adjustment. The NCVS model-based estimates found no evidence of nonresponse bias after nonresponse weighting adjustments are applied. Item response in the 2022 NCVS is generally good; age has the lowest item response rate among the key questions with 96.6 percent. There is undercoverage in the NCVS sample, but the weighting adjustments correct for the undercoverage of the population. 20 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Since the full extent of the nonsampling error is unknown, one should be particularly careful when interpreting results based on small differences between estimates. Caution should also be used when interpreting results based on a relatively small number of cases. Crime measures (such as totals and means) likely are not reliable when computed on a subpopulation smaller than 1,500,000. Note that this subpopulation cutoff specifically applies to violent crimes. References Andridge, R. R. and Little, R. J. A. (2011) Proxy Pattern-Mixture Analysis for Survey Nonresponse. Journal of Official Statistics, Vol. 27, No. 2, 2011, pp. 153-180. Berzofsky, A., Moore, A., Couzens, G., Langton, L., and Krebs, C. (2020). Potential Survey Error Due to a Panel Design: A Review and Evaluation of the National Crime Victimization Survey. RTI Research Report ISSN 2378-7902, issued July 2020. Retrieved from https://www.rti.org/rti-press-publication/potential-survey-error-panel-design/fulltext.pdf Bureau of Justice Statistics (2017). National Crime Victimization Survey, 2016: Technical Documentation. Retrieved from https://bjs.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh236/files/media/document/ncvstd16.pdf Fay, R. E. (1989). Theory and Application of Replicate Weighting for Variance Calculations. Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section, 212-217, American Statistical Association. Retrieved from https://ww2.amstat.org/sections/srms/Proceedings/papers/1989_033.pdf Hayter, A. J. (1984). A Proof of the Conjecture that the Tukey-Kramer Multiple Comparisons Procedure is Conservative. The Annals of Statistics 12 no. 1, 61-75. Retrieved from https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1176346392 Hosmer, D. W. and Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied Logistic Regression (2nd Edition). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Office of Management and Budget. (2006). Standards and guidelines for statistical surveys. Retrieved from https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/inforeg/statpolicy/stan dards_stat_surveys.pdf Rafter, J., Abell, M., and Braselton, J. (2002). Multiple Comparison Methods for Means. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 44(2), 259-278. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4148355 21 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Rao, J. N. K. and Scott, A. J. (1984). On Chi-Squared Tests for Multiway Contingency Tables with Cell Proportions Estimated from Survey Data. The Annals of Statistics 12 (1984), no. 1, 46-60. Retrieved from https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1176346391 U.S. Census Bureau (2022). 2022 Planning database. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/topics/research/guidance/planning-databases.html U.S. Census Bureau (2023). U.S. Census Bureau statistical quality standards. Retrieved from https://www2.census.gov/about/policies/quality/quality-standards.pdf 22 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Appendix A – Year-to-Year Correlation Coefficients Table 12: Correlations for comparing 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Estimates to Previous Years Crime Category 2021 2020 Total Personal Crimes 0.101 0.113 Crimes of Violence 0.119 0.127 Completed 0.087 0.049 Attempted 0.143 0.134 Rape/Sexual Assault 0.196 0.044 Rape 0.111 0.038 Completed 0.178 0.010 Attempted 0.044 0.020 Sexual Assault 0.113 0.145 Robbery 0.026 -0.067 Completed 0.102 -0.087 With Injury 0.044 -0.109 Without Injury 0.088 -0.046 Attempted -0.047 -0.037 With Injury 0.059 -0.018 Without Injury 0.050 0.038 Assault 0.126 0.166 Aggravated -0.117 0.095 Completed with Injury -0.055 -0.043 Attempted -0.037 0.006 Simple 0.178 0.151 Completed with Injury -0.032 0.077 Attempted 0.193 0.138 Purse Snatching/Pocket Picking 0.026 -0.008 Completed 0.010 0.005 Attempted 0.037 0.022 Pocket Picking -0.023 0.013 Serious Violence 0.057 0.062 Total Property crimes 0.105 0.066 Burglary 0.101 0.118 Completed 0.053 0.114 Forcible Entry -0.021 0.075 Unlawful Entry without Force -0.030 0.090 Attempted Forcible Entry 0.031 -0.091 Motor Vehicle Theft 0.126 0.064 Completed 0.099 0.043 Attempted -0.017 0.093 Theft -0.009 0.007 Completed -0.037 -0.026 Less than $50 0.136 -0.070 $50 - $249 -0.020 -0.021 $250 or more -0.156 -0.121 Amount not available -0.012 0.126 Attempted -0.020 0.097 Source: U.S. Census Bureau public data from National Crime Victimization Survey 2020-2022. 23 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Appendix B – List of Variables in Each Response Model The models for nonresponse bias analysis were created using stepwise logistic regression with a variety of variables potentially related to the dependent variable from the 2020 NCVS data, the 2020 Census, the 2016-2020 ACS, the 2016 UCR data and the State of Illinois data. The table below lists all covariates in the final models. Let the following indicate the corresponding models:

  1. Property Crime
  2. Property Crime Not Reported to Police
  3. Violent Crime
  4. Serious Violent Crime
  5. Personal Crime Not Reported to Police

Table 13: Model Variables for 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Nonresponse Bias Analysis Covariate Model 1 2 3 4 5 2022 NCVS Sampling and Response Data – Household level Household income~ X X X X X Household tenure (rent/own/occupy free) X X X Household time in sample X X Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) principal city status X X X State X X X X X Stratification PSU Type (self-representing/non-self- representing) X X Year and quarter of data collection X Number of persons in the household X X X Squared number of persons in the household X X X Poverty Code X X Urban Area Type X X 2022 NCVS Sampling and Response Data – Person level Age X X Age squared X X X Age group X X X Education X X Person time in sample X X X Race/Hispanic origin X X Relationship to reference person X X X Number of persons in the household squared * race/Hispanic origin interaction X 2020 Census Measures Percent of Race/Hispanic origin X X Percent of Race/Black origin X Percent of Race/Pacific Islander origin X Percent of Multi Racial/Non-Hispanic origin X X X X X Percent of all housing units that are classified as the usual place of residence of the individual or group living in it X 24 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Covariate Model 1 2 3 4 5 Percent of all housing units that have no regular occupants on Census Day; housing units with its usual occupants temporarily away X 2016-2020 American Community Survey Estimates Total population X X Population density (based on ACS population estimates and Census land area) X X The percentage of all housing units that are in a structure that contains two to nine housing units X Percent of age 25+ persons with no high school diploma or equivalent X X The percentage of occupied housing units that are not owner occupied X X X Percent of population between 25 and 44 years old X X Percent of all occupied housing units where a Spanish or Spanish Creole language was assigned as the household language X X Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Report Measures Total crime rate X X X X Property crime rate X X Violent crime rate X X Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation 2016 Uniform Crime Report data, State of Illinois 2016 crime data, U.S. Census Bureau internal data from 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey, 2020 Census, and 2016-2020 American Community Survey (ACS). ~ The NCVS household income is used only when reported by respondents. When missing, it is imputed with the ACS median household income for the census block group. 25 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Appendix C – GVF Models and Estimates The tables below list the property crime and violent crime estimates removed from processing if they have absolute studentized residuals above 3.0 and absolute measure of influence (DFFITS) values above 0.22. Table 17: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Outliers Removed from Generalized Variance Functions Iteration Removed Domain Crime Type Estimate 𝝈𝝈� Studentized Residual DFFITS* Overall Person Crime Estimates 2 P-All Persons Purse snatching completed 31,000 36,000 4.63 4.29 Domain Person Crime Estimates 1 P-In MSA, outside principal city Purse snatching attempted 1,000 1,000 -3.73 -1.13 1 P-Household income less than $25,000 Purse snatching attempted 1,000 1,000 -3.73 -1.13 1 P-Hispanic Purse snatching attempted 1,000 1,000 -3.73 -1.13 2 P-Not reported to police Purse snatching completed 27,000 36,000 5.14 0.35 2 P-Outside MSA Robbery completed 40,000 35,000 5.54 0.33 2 P-Outside MSA Robbery completed no injury 35,000 35,000 6.64 0.42 2 P-In MSA, outside principal city Purse snatching completed 27,000 36,000 5.14 0.35 2 P-Household income less than $25,000 Purse snatching completed 27,000 36,000 5.14 0.35 2 P- Divorced/separated/ne ver married Purse snatching completed 31,000 36,000 5.87 0.38 2 P-Non-Hispanic Purse snatching completed 29,000 36,000 5.53 0.36 2 P-Not black-only Purse snatching completed 31,000 36,000 5.87 0.38 2 P-Age 12-24 Purse snatching completed 27,000 36,000 5.14 0.35 2 P-Female Purse snatching completed 29,000 36,000 5.49 0.36 4 P-In MSA, outside principal city Purse snatching/pocket picking 91,000 43,000 4.81 0.24 4 P-Household income $100,000 and greater Robbery completed with injury 35,000 23,000 3.67 0.23 4 P-Household income $50,000-$99,999 Robbery completed no injury 73,000 37,000 4.23 0.22 5 P-Age 50 and over Robbery completed with injury 87,000 40,000 4.36 0.22 Overall Property Crime Estimates 2 H-All Households Forcible Entry 556,000 68,000 3.28 2.34 26 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Iteration Removed Domain Crime Type Estimate 𝝈𝝈� Studentized Residual DFFITS* Domain Property Crime Estimates 2 H-Tenure - rent/live free Forcible entry 356,000 65,000 3.83 0.24 2 H-1 person household Forcible entry 324,000 64,000 4.36 0.28 2 H-Black-only Forcible entry 155,000 51,000 6.96 0.58 2 H-Age 12-34 Forcible entry 167,000 51,000 6.24 0.5 2 H-In principal city of MSA Forcible entry 291,000 60,000 4.18 0.27 2 H-Household income $25,000-$49,999 Forcible entry 223,000 58,000 5.78 0.42 3 H-Non-Hispanic Forcible entry 479,000 67,000 3.96 0.24 3 H-Black-only Burglary/Trespassing 380,000 59,000 3.83 0.24 3 H-Black-only Burglary/Trespassing completed 303,000 57,000 5.08 0.34 3 H-Reported to police Forcible entry 374,000 61,000 4.56 0.29 3 H-Household income $25,000-$49,999 Burglary/Trespassing completed 499,000 70,000 4.2 0.25 4 H-1 person household Burglary/Trespassing completed 818,000 86,000 4.21 0.25 4 H-Age 35-49 Forcible entry 147,000 33,000 3.66 0.3 4 H-Age 12-34 Burglary/Trespassing completed 441,000 62,000 4.41 0.27 4 H-Household income $25,000-$49,999 Burglary/Trespassing 548,000 71,000 4.49 0.27 5 H-1 person household Burglary/Trespassing 972,000 88,000 3.79 0.23 5 H-Age 12-34 Burglary/Trespassing 548,000 66,000 4.24 0.25 Source: U.S. Census Bureau internal data from 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey interviews.

  • DFFITS - The DFFITS statistic is a scaled measure of the change in the predicted value for the observation when it

is excluded from the regression. A large DFFITS value indicates an influential observation. The figures below present plots of the direct NCVS variance estimates compared to GVF variance estimates for overall and domain estimates of household and person victimizations. 27 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Figure 3: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Overall Property Crimes Source: U.S. Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 5 10 15 Standard Error Thousands Estimate Millions Direct Estimate Direct Estimate Outliers Generalized Variance Function 28 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Figure 4: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Domain Property Crimes Source: U.S. Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Standard Error Thousands Estimate Millions Direct Estimate Direct Estimate Outliers Generalized Variance Function 29 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Figure 5: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Overall Person Crimes Source: U.S. Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Standard Error Thousands Estimate Millions Direct Estimate Direct Estimate Outliers Generalized Variance Function 30 DRB Clearance Number CBDRB-FY23-POP001-0082 Figure 6: 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey Variance Estimates – Domain Person Crimes Source: U.S. Census Bureau data from the 2022 National Crime Victimization Survey public use file. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Standard Error Thousands Estimate Millions Direct Estimate Direct Estimate Outliers Generalized Variance Function 1 NCVS-500 Control Card (2010 Sample Design) KEY  Blue Diamond and text = Field Representative Instructions [ ] Red Brackets and text = Instrument Instructions/Skip Instructions [Green Text] = Automatically filled by instrument as appropriate Bold Text = Question text is read aloud to the respondent Gray Text = Optional for Field Representative to read out loud NOTES “Empty” means never previously answered “Verify” means the Field Representative sees the answer prefilled from the previous enumeration period Instrument Screen Name START_CP [Appears during ALL Enumeration Periods] CENSUS CATI/CAPI SYSTEM National Crime Victimization Survey Case Status is: New Case Date is: [Today’s Date Appears] Time is: [Current Time Appears] Incoming/Continuing Case: [Will specify whether this is an Incoming Case or Continuing Case] Interview Number: [Will specify which interview this is from 01 to 07] Confirmed Refusal: [Will Specify Yes or No]

  1. Telephone interview
  2. Personal interview (See notes)
  3. Personal interview (SKIP all notes and go to GEN_INTRO_CP)
  4. Nointerview (TYPE A/B/C)
  5. Ready to transmit case – no followup (TYPE Z’s)
  6. Quit: Do not attempt now

SHOW_CP_ROSTER [Verify 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods]  Status of household composition LN NAME REL MEMBER SEX AGE STATUS PHONE #

  1. Enter 1 to continue

2 SHOW_INFO_CP [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods]  INFORMATION FROM PREVIOUS SCREEN INTERVIEW Press Control-F7 to view case level notes Press Control-T to view interview time preference

  1. Enter 1 to Continue

GEN_INTRO_CP [Appears during ALL Enumeration Periods]  Identify yourself and show I.D. Hello. I’m (YOUR NAME)… from the U.S. Census Bureau. Here is my identification.  If new household – give introductory letter and allow time to read [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period]  ASK TO SPEAK TO: Eligible respondent (a household member at least 18 years of age and knowledgeable about the household) [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods]  ASK TO SPEAK TO: [Household Respondent] [Appears during ALL Enumeration Periods]  Household address is:[Address Displayed]

  1. Respondent available
  2. Respondent not available (SKIP to VERIFY [F10])
  3. Unavailable through closeout

[Pop Up Screen:  Are you sure this person is unavailable through closeout? If so, you must select a new household respondent.] CAPI_INTRO_B  Is respondent ready to complete the interview?

  1. Continue

(SKIP to GETLETTER_CP during 1st Enumeration Period) (SKIP to HHNUM_VR_CP during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods)

  1. Inconvenient time. Callback needed.

(SKIP to VERIFY [F10])

  1. Reluctant respondent – hold for refusal follow-up

(SKIP to VERIFY [F10] during 1st Enumeration Period) (SKIP to HHNUM_VR_CP during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods)

  1. Other outcome-problem/select new household respondent

(SKIP to HHNUM_VR_CP during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods)

  1. Wrong address (wrong case selected) (SKIP to VERIFY [F10])

VERIFY [This screen appears only when GEN_INTRO_CP = 2 and when CAPI_INTRO_B = 2, 3, or 4]  Review information listed below  Do you need to make any changes?  Press “Control T” to review/update interview time preference. TELEPHONEOK: Yes Telephone1: () – Extn: Type: Telephone2: () – Extn: Type: Telephone3: () – Extn: Type: 3 HHNUM_VR_CP [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods]  Is this a replacement household?  If unsure, enter 2 (No)

  1. Yes (SKIP to CK_REPLACE_CP)
  2. No (SKIP to GETLETTER_CP)

CK_REPLACE_CP [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods]  A replacement household means that there are NO members of the household interviewed during the previous enumeration period living at this address.  Are you sure this is a replacement household?

  1. Yes

[Pop Up Screen: This is the last screen before the roster and all incoming data is deleted and must be re-entered. You are about to start a new case and this action cannot be undone without the case being restarted. If “Yes”, click SUPPRESS]

  1. No

GETLETTER_CP  IF NECESSARY: Hello I’m (your name) from the U.S. Census Bureau. I’m here concerning the National Crime Victimization Survey. The Census Bureau is conducting a survey here and throughout the Nation to determine how often people are victims of crime. [Read during 1st Enumeration Period] Did you receive our introductory letter in the mail? [Read during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods] We contacted your household for this survey several months ago. Did you receive our introductory letter in the mail?  If “No” or “Don’t know” give respondent an introductory letter and allow time to read.

  1. Yes
  2. No
  3. Don’t know

VERADD_CP I have your address listed as …  Read below [Address Appears] Is that your exact address?

  1. SAME address

(SKIP to MAILINGSAME_CP during 1st Enumeration Period) (SKIP to CHNGPH_CP during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods)

  1. MOVED (NOT same address)
  2. Haven’t moved, but address has changed (SKIP to CHNGPH_CP)
  3. Incorrect address previously recorded (SKIP to CHNGPH_CP)

4 MOVED_CP [This screen appears only when VERADD_CP = 2 during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods] Since your address rather than you personally was chosen for inclusion in the survey, no interview is required of you at this time. Thank you for your past cooperation. The help you gave us was an important contribution to the National Crime Victimization Survey data.

  1. Enter 1 to continue

[Pop Up Screen: This case needs to be made a replacement household. Press GOTO to continue.] CHNGPH_CP  Do not ask Do you need to change the current phone number? CURRENT NUMBER: () – EXT:

  1. Yes (SKIP to NEWPH_CP)
  2. No (SKIP to NEWADDHNO_CP during 1st Enumeration Period)

(SKIP to MAILINGSAME_CP during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods) Update Physical Address Information Screen Begins NEWPH_CP through NEWADDGQDESCRIPTION_CP appear on the same screen. NEWPH_CP What is the area code and telephone number where you would like to be called?  Record new number  Enter 0 for no telephone number NEWADDHNO_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new house number; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDHNOSUF_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new house suffix; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDSTRNAME_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new street name; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDUNITES_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new unit designation; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDNONCITYSTYLEADDRESS_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter non-city style address; otherwise press “Enter” to continue 5 NEWADDPHYSDESCRIPTION_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new physical location description; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDCITY_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new city name; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDSTATE_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new state abbreviation; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDZIP5_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter 5-digit ZIP code; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDZIP4_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new 4-digit ZIP code; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDBUILDINGNAME_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new building name; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWADDGQDESCRIPTION_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new group description; otherwise press “Enter” to continue Update Physical Address Information Screen Ends ADRCHECK_CP  Enter reason why address information provided by respondent did not match display address OLDADDRESS NEWADDRESS [Address Displayed] [Address Displayed]  HOUSE NUMBER NON-CITY STYLE ADDRESS

  1. House number was incorrect
  2. House number was missing/blank

 HOUSE NUMBER SUFFIX

  1. House number suffix was incorrect (e.g. A instead of B)
  2. House number suffix was missing

 STREET NAME 6

  1. Street name was correct but misspelled (e.g. Pak instead ok Oak Street)
  2. Street name was not correct (e.g. Oak instead of Pickford)

 UNIT DESIGNATION

  1. Unit designation was incorrect (e.g. A instead of 1)
  2. Unit design was missing
  3. Non city style address was incorrect (P.O. Box 12 instead of P.O. Box 121)

 ZIP CODE

  1. ZIP code was missing or incorrect

 STATE

  1. State was missing or incorrect (ME instead of MD)

 CITY

  1. City name was missing or incorrect

 GROUP QUARTERS

  1. Group quarters name was missing or incorrect
  2. Building name was missing or incorrect
  3. 911 Address Conversion

MAILINGSAME_CP Is your mailing address still the same as your physical address?

  1. Yes (SKIP to TENURE during 1st , 3rd, 5th, and 7th Enumeration Periods)

(SKIP to STUDENTHOUSING during 2nd, 4th, and 6th Enumeration Periods)

  1. No (SKIP to VERIFYMAILING_CP)

VERIFYMAILING_CP  Read mailing address I have your mailing address as… MAILING ADDRESS: [Address Displayed] Is that correct?

  1. Yes (SKIP to TENURE)
  2. No (SKIP to NEWMAILHNO_CP)

Update Mailing Address Information Screen Begins NEWMAILHNO_CP through NEWMAILGQDESCRIPTION_CP appear on the same screen. NEWMAILHNO_CP  OLD MAILING ADDRESS: [Previous Address Displayed]  If incorrect or missing, enter new house number; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILHNOSUF_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new house number suffix; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILSTRNAME_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new street name; otherwise press “Enter” to continue 7 NEWMAILUNITES_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new unit designation; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILNONCITYSTYLEADDRESS_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter non-city style address; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILCITY_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new city name; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILSTATE_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new state abbreviation; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILZIP5_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter 5-digit ZIP code; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILZIP4_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears]  If incorrect or missing, enter new 4-digit ZIP code; otherwise press “Enter” to continue NEWMAILGQDESCRIPTION_CP  OLD ADDRESS: [Address Appears] If incorrect or missing, enter new group description; otherwise press “Enter” to continue Update Mailing Address Information Screen Ends TENURE [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period or when empty. Verify during 3rd, 5th and 7th Enumeration Periods] Ask or verify Are your living quarters...  Read answer categories.

  1. Owned or being bought by you or someone in your household?
  2. Rented for cash?
  3. Occupied without payment of cash rent?

8 STUDENTHOUSING [Verify each Enumeration Period]  If apparent, enter precode without asking. Are your living quarters presently used as student housing by a college or university?

  1. Yes
  2. No

PUBLICHOUSING [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period or when empty] [If box 1 is marked in item TENURE, SKIP to INDIANRESERVATIONHU] [If box 2 or box 3 is marked in TENURE, ask below] Is this building owned by a public housing authority?

  1. Yes, public housing – (SKIP to PUBLICHOUSINGMGRVERIFY)
  2. No, not public housing – (SKIP to INDIANRESERVATIONHU)

PUBLICHOUSINGMGRVERIFY [Appears when PUBLICHOUSING = 1]  If possible, verify PUBLICHOUSING entry of 1 (Yes) with the manager of building.  Able to verify

  1. Public housing
  2. Not public housing

 Unable to verify

  1. Telephone
  2. Other – Specify

PUBLICHOUSINGMGRVERIFYSPEC [Appears when PUBLICHOUSINGMGRVERIFY = 4]  Specify the reason why you are unable to verify the public housing status for this housing unit. INDIANRESERVATIONHU [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  If apparent, enter precode without asking. Are your living quarters located on an American Indian Reservation or on American Indian Lands?

  1. Yes
  2. No

FARMSALES [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty, and address is in rural area] During the past 12 months did sales of crops, livestock, and other farm products from this place amount to $1,000 or more?

  1. Yes
  2. No

ACCESS [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Please mark whether or not the sample household has direct access to their living quarters.

  1. Direct
  2. Through another unit - Not a separate HU; combine with unit through which access is

Gained 9 TYPEOFHOUSINGUNIT [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Please select one box that describes the type of housing unit.

  1. House, apartment, flat
  2. HU in nontransient hotel, motel, etc.
  3. HU permanent in transient hotel, motel, etc.
  4. HU in rooming house
  5. Mobile home or trailer with no permanent room added
  6. Mobile home or trailer with one or more permanent rooms attached
  7. HU not specified above - Describe
  8. Quarters not HU in rooming or boarding house
  9. Unit not permanent in transient hotel, motel, etc.
  10. Unoccupied site for mobile home, trailer, or tent
  11. Student quarters in college dormitory
  12. Other unit not specified above – Describe

TYPEOFHOUSINGUNITSPEC7 [Appears when TYPEOFHOUSINGUNIT = 7]  Please specify the other type of "Housing Unit". TYPEOFHOUSINGUNITSPEC12 [Appears when TYPEOFHOUSINGUNIT = 12]  Please specify the other type of "Other Unit". NUMBEROFUNITS [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Observe or ask How many housing units are in this structure?

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5-9
  6. 10+
  7. Mobile home/trailer
  8. Only OTHER units

DIRECTENTRANCETOUNIT [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Observe or ask Does the unit have an outside entrance, patio doors, or windows, etc., on the ground level - or outside stairs leading directly to this unit?

  1. Yes
  2. No
  3. Don't know

GATEDWALLEDCOMMUNITY [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Ask if unsure Is this unit in a gated or walled community that restricts access by non-residents or requires entry codes, key cards, or security guard approval to access?

  1. Yes
  2. No

10 RESTRICTEDACCESS [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Ask if unsure Is this unit in a building that requires a special entry system such as entry codes, key cards, or security guard approval to access?

  1. Yes
  2. No

Begin Initial Roster Loop Appears when a household roster is being first established. (Repeat for each household member) HHROSTER_FNAME [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty] What are the names of all people living or staying here? Start with the person or one of the people who [owns/rents] this home.  Enter first name on this screen.  To change a non-member already listed on this roster to a member use the up/down arrow to go to MEMBERCHANGES and enter the reason why this person is now a member.  Enter 999 to leave the table. HHROSTER_LNAME [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty] What are the names of all people living or staying here? Start with the name of the person or one of the people who [owns/rents] this home.  Enter last name on this screen. SEX [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Ask if necessary Is [household member name] male or female?

  1. Male
  2. Female

RELATIONSHIP [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty]  Review the relationship of other household members to the new reference person and update these relationships if necessary. What is [household member name]’s relationship to [reference person]?

  1. Husband
  2. Wife
  3. Son
  4. Daughter
  5. Father
  6. Mother
  7. Brother
  8. Sister
  9. Other Relative
  10. Non Relative

11 HHMEMBER [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty] Does [household member name] usually live here?  If "No", probe for usual residence elsewhere.

  1. Yes
  2. No

HSEMEMURE [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when empty] Does [household member name] have a usual place of residence elsewhere?

  1. Yes
  2. No

End Initial Roster Loop Begin Verify Roster Section Appears if a roster has been established in a previous enumeration. NAMECHECK [Verify during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods] I have [Read names below] listed as living or staying at this address. [The name and information of each household member from the previous enumeration period will appear in a table below.] LINE NUMBER NAME RELATIONSHIP AGE SEX MARITAL STATUS STATUS Are ALL of these people still living or staying at this address?

  1. Yes (SKIP to MEMBERCHANGES if missing demographic data, else SKIP to HHLDCOVERAGE)
  2. No (SKIP to REFPERSTILLLIVE)

REFPERSTILLLIVE [Appears when NAMECHECK = 2] Does [reference person name] still live at this address?

  1. Yes
  2. No (SKIP to NEWREFPER)

NEWREFPER [Appears when REFPERSTILLLIVE = 2] What is the name of the person (or one of the persons) who owns or rents that home? Would that be you?  Enter line number, or 31 if someone not listed [The name and information of each household member from the previous enumeration period will appear in a table below.] LINE NUMBER NAME RELATIONSHIP SEX AGE MARITAL STATUS STATUS 01.-30. Line number 01 – Line number 30 [Names on line number 1 up to line number 30 are displayed.]

  1. Someone not listed above

Begin Verify Roster Loop (Repeat for each household member) MEMBERCHANGES [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member enters or leaves]  Enter reason why there is a change in household membership for this person.  If no change is needed for this person, press the ENTER key without selecting a precode. 12  Use the arrow keys to move through the table and REVIEW/UPDATE demographics. When done, press Page Down. WHY ENTERED HOUSEHOLD:

  1. Returned from school or college
  2. Returned from institution
  3. Entered because of marriage/separation/divorce
  4. Person entered household for reasons other than above

WHY LEFT HOUSEHOLD:

  1. Person died
  2. Left for school or college
  3. Entered institution
  4. Left because of marriage/separation/divorce
  5. Person left household for reasons other than above
  6. Visitor - residence elsewhere

HHROSTER_FNAME [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member is added to roster] What is the name of the person/people that is/are new to the household?  Enter first name on this screen.  To change a non-member already listed on this roster to a member use the up/down arrow to go to MEMBERCHANGES and enter the reason why this person is now a member.  Enter 999 to leave the table. HHROSTER_LNAME [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member is added to roster] What is the name of the person/people that is/are new to the household?  Enter last name on this screen. SEX [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member is added to roster]  Ask if necessary Is [household member name] male or female?

  1. Male
  2. Female

RELATIONSHIP [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member is added to roster]  Review the relationship of other household members to the new reference person and update these relationships if necessary. What is [household member name]’s relationship to [reference person]?

  1. Husband
  2. Wife
  3. Son
  4. Daughter
  5. Father
  6. Mother
  7. Brother
  8. Sister
  9. Other relative
  10. Nonrelative

13 HHMEMBER [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member is added to roster] Does [household member name] usually live here?  If "No", probe for usual residence elsewhere.

  1. Yes (SKIP to HHLDCOVERAGE)
  2. No (SKIP to HSEMEMURE)

HSEMEMURE [Appears during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods when new household member is added to roster] Does [household member name] have a usual place of residence elsewhere?

  1. Yes
  2. No

End Verify Roster Loop End Verify Roster Section HHLDCOVERAGE [Verify each Enumeration Period] Have I missed anyone else living or staying here/there such as any babies, any lodgers, or anyone who is away at present traveling or in the hospital? [The name of each household member given will appear in a table below.] LINE NUMBER NAME

  1. Yes
  2. No

ENTIREHHURE [Appears when all people on the household roster have a usual residence elsewhere]  All people on the household roster have a usual residence elsewhere.  Enter 1 to exit this case.  Then, reenter this case to code it a Noninterview (Type B - Entire Household URE) via START_CP.  Enter 1 to Continue [Appears when all household members no longer live at residence .] PICK1STHHRESP [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period, or when household respondent is changed]  Enter the line number for the person with whom you are speaking.  This person should be at least 18 years of age and knowledgeable about the household. [The name of each household member given will appear in a table below.] LINE NUMBER NAME Begin Additional Demographic Loop Appears when a household is being first established AND when a household roster has been previously established. (Repeat for each household member) AGECHECK [Verify during 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Enumeration Periods] I have [you/household member name] listed as [calculated age] years old. Is that correct?

  1. Yes, age IS correct
  2. No, age is NOT correct

14 BRTHDATEMO [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period] What is [your/household member name] date of birth?  Enter month on this screen.

  1. January
  2. February
  3. March
  4. April
  5. May
  6. June
  7. July
  8. August
  9. September
  10. October
  11. November
  12. December

BRTHDATEDY [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period] What is [your/household member name] date of birth?  Enter day on this screen BRTHDATEYR [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period] What is [your/household member name] date of birth?  Enter year on this screen  If year is less than 1890, enter 1890 VFYAGE [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period] That would make [you/household member name] [calculated age] years old. Is that correct?

  1. Yes
  2. No

ESTAGE [Appears when BRTHDATEYR is Don’t Know] [Appears for household respondent] Even though you don't know your exact birthdate, what is your approximate age? [Appears for household member] Even though you don't know [household member name]’s exact birthdate, what is your best guess as to how old he/she was on his/her last birthday? AGERNG [Appears when BRTHDATEYR is Don’t Know, and ESTAGE is Don’t Know or Refused] OR [Appears when BRTHDATEYR is Refused] [Appears for household respondent] Are you between 18 and 65 years old? 66 or older? Are you… [Appears for household member] Is [he/she] a child, a teenager, or an adult? Is [he/she]… 15  Read appropriate age categories.

  1. 0 - 11 years old?
  2. 12 - 13 years old?
  3. 14 - 15 years old?
  4. 16 - 17 years old?
  5. 18 - 24 years old?
  6. 25 - 34 years old?
  7. 35 - 49 years old?
  8. 50 - 65 years old?
  9. 66 years old or older?

MARITAL [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period]  Enter new marital status for [household member name] LAST REPORTED AS: MARITAL  If in doubt, ask: [Are/Is] [you/household member name] now married, widowed, divorced, separated or [have/has] [you/he/she] never been married?

  1. Married
  2. Widowed
  3. Divorced
  4. Separated
  5. Never married

ARMEDFORCES [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period for persons 18-65 years old] LAST REPORTED AS: MILITARY [Are/Is] [you/household member name] now in the Armed Forces?

  1. Yes
  2. No

EDUCATIONATTAIN [Ask or Verify during 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th Enumeration Periods for persons 12 years of age and older] <Flashcard Booklet> (Page 6) LAST REPORTED AS: EDUCATIONATTAIN What is the highest level of school [you/household member name] completed or the highest degree [you/he/she] received?

  1. 1st grade
  2. 2nd grade
  3. 3rd grade
  4. 4th grade
  5. 5th grade
  6. 6th grade
  7. 7th grade
  8. 8th grade
  9. 9th grade
  10. 10th grade
  11. 11th grade
  12. 12th grade (No diploma)
  13. High school graduate (Diploma or the equivalent)
  14. Some college (No Degree)
  15. Associate's degree

16

  1. Bachelor's degree (e.g. BA, AB, BS)
  2. Master's degree (e.g. MA, MS, MEng, MSW, MBA)
  3. Professional School degree (e.g. MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD)
  4. Doctorate degree (PhD, EdD)
  5. Never attended, preschool, kindergarten

ATTENDINGSCHOOL [Ask or Verify each Enumeration Period for persons 12 years of age and older] LAST REPORTED AS: ATTENDINGSCHOOL [Are/Is] [you/household member name] currently attending or enrolled either full- time or part-time in a college or university, trade, or vocational school?

  1. Regular school
  2. College/University
  3. Trade school
  4. Vocational school
  5. None of the above schools

SP_ORIGIN [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period or when new household member is added] <Flashcard Booklet> (Page 8) [Are/Is] [you/household member name] Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino?

  1. Yes
  2. No

RACE [Appears during 1st Enumeration Period or when new household member is added] <Flashcard Booklet> (Page 10)  If personal interview show flash card.  If telephone interview read answer categories.  Do not probe. Please choose one or more races that [you/household member name] consider/considers [yourself/himself/herself] to be.

  1. White
  2. Black or African American
  3. American Indian or Alaska Native
  4. Asian
  5. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
  6. Other – Specify

RACE_SPECIFY  Specify the other race for this person. End Additional Demographic Loop OMB No. 1121-0111: Approval Expires 11/30/2024Implementation Date: (1/1/2022) NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY NCVS-1 BASIC SCREEN QUESTIONNAIRE NCVS-1 ____________ Months (1-11) - SKIP to 33e505 ____________ Years (Round to nearest whole year)506 5 years or more - If HHLD Respondent SKIP to 34, else SKIP to 36a Less than 5 years - ASK 33e CHECK ITEM A How many years are entered in 33a? Altogether, how many times have you moved in the last 5 years, that is, since _________________, 20 ___? Enter number of times. __________ Number of times -508 MOBILITY QUESTIONS Does anyone in this household operate a business from this address? If this is a PERSONAL visit - Fill by observation. If this is a TELEPHONE contact - Ask. Is there a sign on the premises or some other indication to the general public that a business is operated from this address?

  1. BUSINESSSIGN (Asked of Household Respondent Only)

1 2 Yes - ASK 35 No - SKIP to 36a 530 1 2 Yes (Recognizable business) No (Unrecognizable business) 531 33a. TIMEATADDRESS How many months? If = 0 ASK 33b If = DK or RF SKIP to 33c Else SKIP to 33d 33c. TIMEATADDRESSPROBE Have you lived here... Read categories 1-4: 1 2 3 4 More than 5 years - If HHLD Respondent ASK 34, else SKIP to 36a. Less than 5 years, but more than 1 year Less than 1 year, but more than 6 months 6 months or less Don't Know5 SKIP to 33e 33d. 33b. MONTHSATADDRESS 33e. TIMEMOVEDIN5YEARS If HHLD Respondent ASK 34, Else SKIP to 36a

  1. BUSINESS (Asked of Household Respondent Only)

BUSINESS OPERATED FROM SAMPLE NOTE: Questions are listed in the order asked. Skips in question numbering are due to questionnaire changes over time. Before we get to the crime questions, I have some questions that are helpful in studying where and why crimes occur. Ask or verify - How long have you lived at this address? (Enter 0 if less than 1 year.) Page 1 36a. SQTHEFT Page 2 Did any incidents of this type happen to you? How many times? 37a. SQBREAKIN (Asked of Household Respondent Only) Did any incidents of this type happen to you? Ask only if necessary 37b. SQBREAKINTIMES (Asked of Household Respondent Only) Briefly describe incident(s) 1 Yes - ASK 37b 532 If Household Respondent ASK 37a; else SKIP to 40a 533 No - SKIP to 38 2 Briefly describe incident(s) 1534 Number of times (37b) 535 2 Yes - ASK 36b No - If Household Respondent ASK to 37a; Else SKIP to 40a 36c. SQTHEFTSPEC 37c. SQBREAKINSPEC (Asked of Household Respondent Only) What happened? What happened? Number of times (36b) I'm going to read some examples that will give you an idea of the kinds of crimes this study covers. As I go through them, tell me if any of these happened to you in the last 6 months, that is since __________ ______, 20 ____. Was something belonging to YOU stolen, such as - Read each category. (a) Things that you carry, like luggage, a wallet, purse, briefcase book - (b) Clothing, jewelry, or cellphone - (c) Bicycle or sports equipment - (d) Things in your home - like a TV, stereo, or tools - (e) Things outside your home such as a garden hose or lawn furniture - (Asked of Household Respondent Only) (f) Things belonging to children in the household - (Asked of Household Respondent Only) (g) Things from a vehicle, such as a package, groceries, camera, or CDs - OR (h) Did anyone ATTEMPT to steal anything belonging to you? (Other than any incidents already mentioned,) has anyone - Read each category. (a) Broken in or ATTEMPTED to break into your home by forcing a door or window, pushing past someone, jimmying a lock, cutting a screen, or entering through an open door or window? (b) Has anyone illegally gotten in or tried to get into a garage, shed, or storage room? OR (c) Illegally gotten in or tried to get into a hotel or motel room or vacation home where you were staying? How many times? 36b. SQTHEFTTIMES RESPONDENT'S SCREEN QUESTIONS Ask only if necessary 39a. SQMVTHEFT (Asked of Household Respondent Only)

  1. SQTOTALVEHICLES (Asked of Household Respondent Only)

What was the TOTAL number of cars, vans, trucks, motorcycles, or other motor vehicles owned by you or any other member of this household during the last 6 months? Include those you no longer own. Page 3 Did any incidents of this type happen to you? Ask only if necessary 39b. SQMVTHEFTTIMES (Asked of Household Respondent Only) 40a. SQATTACKWHERE Did any incidents of this type happen to you? Ask only if necessary 40b. SQATTACKWHERETIMES 0 1 2 3 4 None - SKIP to 40a 1 2 3 4 or more 536 Briefly describe incident(s) 1 Yes - ASK 39b537 Number of times (39b) 538 No - SKIP to 40a2 Number of times (40b) 540 Briefly describe incident(s) 39c. SQMVTHEFTSPEC (Asked of Household Respondent Only) No - SKIP to 41a2 Yes - ASK 40b1 539 40c. SQATTACKWHERESPEC What happened? What happened? During the last 6 months, (other than any incidents already mentioned,) (was the vehicle/were any of the vehicles) - Read each category. (a) Stolen or used without permission? (b) Did anyone steal any parts such as a tire, car stereo, hubcap, or battery? (c) Did anyone steal any gas from (it/them)? OR (d) Did anyone ATTEMPT to steal any vehicle or parts attached to (it/them)? (Other than any incidents already mentioned,) since __________ ______, 20 ____, were you attacked or threatened OR did you have something stolen from you - Read each category. (a) At home including the porch or yard - (b) At or near a friend's, relative's, or neighbor's home - (c) At work or school - d) In places such as a storage shed or laundry room, a shopping mall, restaurant, bank, or airport - (e) While riding in any vehicle - (f) On the street or in a parking lot - (g) At such places as a party, theater, gym, picnic area, bowling lanes, or while fishing or hunting - OR (h) Did anyone ATTEMPT to attack or ATTEMPT to steal anything belonging to you from any of these places? How many times? How many times? RESPONDENT'S SCREEN QUESTIONS Page 4 41a. SQATTACKHOW Did any incidents of this type happen to you? How many times? Briefly describe incident(s) 1 Yes - ASK 41b541 Number of times (41b) 542 No - SKIP to 42a2 42a. SQTHEFTATTACKKNOWNOFF Did any incidents of this type happen to you? How many times? Briefly describe incident(s) 1 Yes - ASK 42b543 Number of times (42b) 544 No - SKIP to 43a2 41c. SQATTACKHOWSPEC 42c. SQTHEFTATTACKKNOWNOFFSPEC What happened? What happened? (Other than any incidents already mentioned,) has anyone attacked or threatened you in any of these ways - (Exclude telephone threats) - Read each category. (a) With any weapon, for instance, a gun or knife - (b) With anything like a baseball bat, frying pan, scissors, or stick - (c) By something thrown, such as a rock or bottle - (d) Include any grabbing, punching, or choking, (e) Any rape, attempted rape or other type of sexual attack - (f) Any face to face threats - OR (g) Any attack or threat or use of force by anyone at all? Please mention it even if you are not certain it was a crime. People often don't think of incidents committed by someone they know. (Other than any incidents already mentioned,) did you have something stolen from you OR were you attacked or threatened by - (Exclude telephone threats) Read each category. (a) Someone at work or school - (b) A neighbor or friend - (c) A relative or family member - (d) Any other person you've met or known? 41b. SQATTACKHOWTIMES 42b. SQTHEFTATTACKKNOWNOFFTIMES RESPONDENT'S SCREEN QUESTIONS Ask only if necessary Ask only if necessary Page 5 During the last 6 months, (other than any incidents already mentioned,) did you call the police to report something that happened to YOU which you thought was a crime? 44a. SQCALLPOLICECRIME 1 Yes - ASK 44b547 No - SKIP to 45a2 How many times? CHECK ITEM B If not sure ask: Were you attacked or threatened, or was something stolen or an attempt made to steal something that belonged to you or another household member? 1 2 Yes - ASK 44d No - SKIP to 45a 549 Number of times (44d) 550 44b. SQCALLPOLICESPEC SQCALLPOLICEATTACKTHREAT What happened? 44c. 43a. SQSEXUAL Did any incidents of this type happen to you? How many times? Briefly describe incident(s) 1 Yes - ASK 43b545 Number of times (43b) 546 No - SKIP to 44a2 43c. SQSEXUALSPEC What happened? Incidents involving forced or unwanted sexual acts are often difficult to talk about. (Other than any incidents already mentioned,) have you been forced or coerced to engage in unwanted sexual activity by - Read each category. (a) Someone you didn't know - (b) A casual acquaintance - OR (c) Someone you know well? 43b. SQSEXUALTIMES Briefly describe incident(s) 44d. SQCALLPOLICEATTACKTHREATTIMES RESPONDENT'S SCREEN QUESTIONS Ask only if necessary Page 6 No - SKIP to 71 How many times? If not sure ask: Were you attacked or threatened, or was something stolen or an attempt made to steal something that belonged to you or another household member? 1 2 Yes - ASK 45d553

  • SKIP to 71

45c. During the last 6 months, (other than any incidents already mentioned,) did anything which you thought was a crime happen to YOU, but you did NOT report to the police? 45a. SQNOCALLPOLICECRIME 1 Yes - ASK 45b551 2 45b. SQNOCALLPOLICESPEC What happened? No - SKIP to 71 Briefly describe incident(s) 45d. SQNOCALLPOLICEATTACKTHREATTIMES Number of times (45d) 554 Is one or more crimes reported in 36b, 37b, 39b, 40b, 41b, 42b, 43b, 44d, or 45d? Yes - SKIP to Crime Incident Report (Item 2a on the NCVS-2) 1 Telephone interview - SKIP to 73555 No one besides respondent present Respondent's spouse HHLD member(s) 12+, not spouse HHLD member(s) under 12 Nonhousehold member(s) Someone was present - Can't say who Don't know if someone else present Who besides the respondent was present when the screen questions were asked? (If telephone interview, mark box 1 only.)

1 2 3 Yes No Person for whom interview taken not present 556 Did the person for whom this interview was taken help the proxy respondent answer any screen questions? 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

If a Proxy interview, ASK 72, else SKIP to 73 No - SKIP to 81 (ASK INTRO_SOCIO_DEMO) Personal interview - Mark all that apply. RESPONDENT'S SCREEN QUESTIONS RESPONDENT'S CHECK ITEMS D, E, AND G SQNOCALLPOLICEATTACKTHREAT PROXYHELP PRESENTFORSQS CHECK ITEM C CHECK ITEM D CHECK ITEM E CHECK ITEM G 169a. DIS_HEARING Are you deaf or do you have serious difficulty hearing? 169b. DIS_VISION Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have serious difficulty: 2 No Yes1 2 No Yes1 2 No Yes1 170a. 2 No Yes1 2 No Yes1 170b. DIS_LEAVING_HOME 2 No Yes1

  1. CITIZENSHIP

Yes, born in the United States Yes, born in Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or North Marianas Yes, born abroad of U.S. citizen parent or parents Yes, U.S. citizen by naturalization No, not a U.S. citizen 1 2 3 4 5

  1. ORIENTATION_MALE

Gay Straight, that is, not gay Bisexual Something else I don't know the answer 1 2 3 4 5 6 Refused Page 7 (Asked at 1st interview or if never asked before. Asked at subsequent interviews if no or Don't Know/Refused at prior interview.) Are you a citizen of the United States? That is, were you born in the United States, born in a U.S. territory, born of U.S. citizen parent(s), or become a citizen of the U.S. through naturalization? (Asked of persons age 16 or older. Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before. Asked if NCVS-500 roster SEX question = Male) Which of the following best represents how you think of yourself? RESPONDENT'S SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS

  1. INTRO_SOCIO_DEMO

All incident reports must be completed before asking this series of questions. SKIP to 85 (Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) Now we have some questions about your demographic characteristics. (Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) Are you blind or do you have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses? (1) DIS_LEARN_CONCENTRATE (Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) Concentrating, remembering or making decisions? (2) DIS_PHYSICAL_LIMIT (Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) Walking or climbing stairs? (3) DIS_DRESS_BATH (Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) Dressing or bathing? (Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before. Asked only of persons age 15 or older.) Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, do you have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping?

  1. GENID_DESCRIBE Male

Female Transgender None of these 1 2 3 4

  1. GENID_CONFIRM

Yes No - SKIP back to 85 and/or 86 to correct Refused Don't Know 1 2 3 4 Have you ever served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces, Reserves, or National Guard? Mark one box. Never served in the military Only on active duty for training in the Reserves or National Guard On active duty in the past, but not now 1 2 3 4

  1. ACTIVE_DUTYWHEN

When did you serve on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces? Mark a box for each period in which the person served, even if just for part of the period. September 2001 or later August 1990 to August 2001 (including Persian Gulf War) May 1975 to July 1990 Vietnam era (August 1964 to April 1975) February 1955 to July 1964 January 1947 to June 1950 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Korean War (July 1950 to January 1955) World War II (December 1941 to December 1946)8 November 1941 or earlier9 Page 8

  1. GENID_BIRTH Male

Female Refused Don't know 1 2 3 4 (Asked of persons age 16 or older. Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) What sex were you assigned at birth, on your original birth certificate?

  1. ACTIVE_DUTY

(Asked of persons age 18 or older. Asked at 1st interview or if never asked before. Asked at subsequent interviews if Never served in the military or Don't Know/Refused at prior interview. Do not ask if age 40 or older and valid response prior interview.)

  1. ORIENTATION_FEMALE Lesbian or gay

Straight, that is, not lesbian or gay Bisexual Something else I don't know the answer 1 2 3 4 5 6 Refused (Asked of persons age 16 or older. Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before. Asked if NCVS-500 roster SEX question = Female or Unknown) Which of the following best represents how you think of yourself? (Asked of persons age 16 or older. Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before.) Do you currently describe yourself as male, female or transgender? (Asked of persons age 16 or older. Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before. Asked if GENID_BIRTH and GENID_DESCRIBE do not match.) Just to confirm, you were assigned (male/female) at birth and now (describe yourself as male/ describe yourself as female/ describe yourself as transgender/ do not describe yourself male, female, or transgender). Is that correct? The instrument prefills the question wording based on responses to GENID_BIRTH and GENID_DESCRIBE. (Asked of persons age 18 or older. Asked at 1st interview or if never asked before. Asked at subsequent interviews if no or Don't Know/Refused at prior interview. Do not ask if age 40 or older and valid response prior interview.)

  • SKIP to 74
  • ASK 89

Now on active duty Page 9 1 Physician? Nurse? Technician? Other medical profession? - Specify - ASK 76d Did you have a job or work at a business LAST WEEK? (Do not include volunteer work or work around the house.) (If farm or business operator in household, ask about unpaid work.) 75a. JOBLASTWEEK 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 76a No - ASK 75b Ask or verify - Did you have a job or work at a business DURING THE LAST 6 MONTHS? 75b. JOBDURINGREFPERIOD 1 2 1 2 Yes - ASK 75c No - SKIP to 80 Yes - ASK 76a No - SKIP to 80 Did that (job/work) last 2 consecutive weeks or more? 75c. JOBLAST2WEEKS 76a. JOBDESCRIPTION Medical Profession Mental Health Services Field 5 Professional (Social worker/psychiatrist)? Custodial care? Some other mental health services profession? - Specify Ask or verify - Which of the following best describes your job? Were you employed in the ... Read each category until respondent says "yes", then enter appropriate precode. Is the respondent 16 years or older? 1 2 Yes - ASK 75a No - SKIP to 80 Medical Profession? - SKIP 76c Mental Health Services Field? - SKIP to 76e Teaching Profession? - SKIPto 76g Law Enforcement or Security Field? - SKIP to 76i Retail Sales? - SKIP to 76k Something else? - Specify - ASK 76b Please specify the job not covered in answer categories 1-6 in 76a. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Employed in the Medical Profession: As a - Read each category. Employed in the Mental Health Services Field: Are YOUR duties - Read each category. Please specify employed in the medical profession as a - Please specify duties in the mental health services field. 7 Transportation Field? - SKIP to 76m SKIP to 76o SKIP to 76o

76b. JOBDESCRIPTIONSPEC 76c. MEDICALJOB 2 3 4 76d. MEDICALJOBSPEC 76e. MENTALHEALTHJOB 6 7 76f. MENTALHEALTHJOBSPEC Specify - SKIP to 76o Specify - SKIP to 76o ASK 76f Specify - SKIP to 76o 576 577 578 RESPONDENT'S EMPLOYMENT QUESTIONS CHECK ITEM H1 Page 10 Law Enforcement or Security Field Law enforcement officer? Prison or jail guard? Security guard? Law enforcement profession? - Specify - ASK 76j 16 17 18 19 76i. LAWENFORCEJOB Employed in the Law Enforcement or Security Field: Were you employed as a - Read each category. 76j. LAWENFORCEJOBSPEC Please specify employed in the law enforcement or security field as a -

  • SKIP to 76o

579 Teaching Profession 8 Preschool? Elementary school? Junior high or middle school? High school? College or university? Technical or industrial school? Special education facility? Employed in the Teaching Profession: Were you employed in a - Read each category. Please specify employed in the teaching profession as a - 76h. TEACHINGJOBSPEC Other teaching profession? - Specify - ASK 76h

  • SKIP to 76o

76g. TEACHINGJOB 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Retail Sales - Transportation Field - Convenience or liquor store clerk? Gas station attendant? Bartender? Other retail sales profession? - Specify - ASK 76l 20 21 22 23 Bus driver? Taxi cab driver? Other transportation Field profession? - Specify - ASK 76n 24 25 26 76k. RETAILSALESJOB Employed in Retail Sales: Were you employed as a- Read each category. 76l. RETAILSALESJOBSPEC Please specify employed in retail sales as a - 76m. TRANSPORTJOB Employed in the Transportation Field: Were you employed as a- Read each category. 76n. TRANSPORTJOBSPEC Please specify employed in the transportation field as a -

  • SKIP to 76o
  • SKIP to 76o

Specify - SKIP to 76o Specify - SKIP to 76o Specify - SKIP to 76o Specify If 76a equals 7, enter 27 here., otherwise enter the number of the employment code entered in item 76c, 76e, 76g, 76i 76k, or 76m. 76o. Ask or verify - Is your job with - Read each category.

  1. EMPLOYERTYPECURRENT 1 A private company, business, or

individual for wages? 580 2 3 4 The Federal government? A State, county, or local government? Yourself (Self-employed) in your own business, professional practice, or farm? If 76o = 22 SKIP to 79, Else ASK 78.

  1. COLLEGEEMPLOYER 581 1

2 Yes No Are you employed by a college or university? While working at your job, do you work mostly in - Read each category.

  1. CURRENTJOBMSATYPE 1

2 3 4 A city? Suburban area? Rural area? Combination of any of these? 582 RESPONDENT'S EMPLOYMENT QUESTIONS CHECK ITEM H2 FIELD REPRESENTATIVE -- (Read to the Household Respondent Only.) If there are any household members under 18, tell the Household Respondent that you will be asking the same questions you just asked him/her. Is this the last household member to be interviewed? Yes - If Household Respondent finish collecting income and telephone information, then END interview. Otherwise END interview. No - GO TO question 33a for the next respondent. See note below before interviewing next household member.

Page 11 RESPONDENT'S CHECK ITEM I

  1. HOUSEHOLDINCOME (Asked of Household Respondent Only)

Which category represents the TOTAL combined income of all members of this HOUSEHOLD during the past 12 months? This includes money from jobs, net income from business, farm or rent, pensions, dividends, interest, Social Security payments, and any other money income received by members of this HOUSEHOLD who are 14 years of age or older. Less than $5,000 $7,500 to $9,999 $10,000 to $12,499 $12,500 to $14,999 $17,500 to $19,999 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 $15,000 to $17,499 $20,000 to $24,9998 $25,000 to $29,9999 $30,000 to $34,99910 $35,000 to $39,99911 $40,000 to $49,99912 $50,000 to $74,99913 $75,000 to $99,99914 $100,000 to $149,99915 $150,000 to $199,99916 $200,000 or more17 214 (Asked of household respondent. Asked at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th interview, or if never asked before. Asked at subsequent interviews if no or Don't Know/Refused at prior interview.) $5,000 to $7,499 CHECK ITEM I OMB No. 1121-0111: Approval Expires 11/30/2024Implementation Date: (7/1/2019)NCVS-2 NCVS-2 CRIME INCIDENT REPORT NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY 1 2 Yes (more than 6 months) - SKIP to 3 No (6 months or less) - ASK 2c 606 While living at this address Before moving to this address 2c. INCIDENTADDRESS Did (this/the first) incident happen while you were living here or before you moved to this address?

  1. INCIDENTDATE

Month Year 605 CHECK ITEM A Has the respondent lived at this address for more than 6 months? (If not sure, refer to 33a on the NCVS-1 or ASK.)

  1. INCIDENTNUMBEROFTIMES 607 ____________ Number of incidents

CHECK ITEM B 1 2 1-5 incidents (not a "series") - SKIP to 6 6 or more incidents - ASK 5b 608 CHECK ITEM C 1 2 Similar - ASK 5c Different (not a "series") - SKIP to 6 609 If unsure, ask: Are these incidents similar to each other in detail or are they for different types of crimes? How many incidents? (Refer to 4.) 5a. 5b. 5c. If unsure, ask: Can you recall enough details of each incident to distinguish them from each other? ITEM D CHECK Yes (not a "series")610 1 2 No (is a "series") (If Box 2 is marked in 5c, read: The following questions refer only to the most recent incident.) About what time did (this/the most recent) incident happen?

  1. INCIDENTTIME During day

OR Don't know whether day or night9 8 Don't know what time of night After 12 midnight - 6 a.m.7 5 After 9 p.m. - 12 midnight6 After 6 p.m. - 9 p.m. At night Don't know what time of day4 After 3 p.m. - 6 p.m.3 After 12 noon - 3 p.m.2 After 6 a.m. - 12 noon1 612 2b. INCIDENTSSIMILAR RECALLDETAILS NOTE: Questions are listed in the order asked. Skips in question numbering are due to questionnaire changes over time. You said that during the last 6 months : (description of the crime reported in the screen question.) 2a. INCIDENTINTRO If unsure, ask: Altogether, how many times did this type of incident happen during the last 6 months? In what month did (this/the first) incident happen? Encourage respondent to give exact month. 1 2 3 4 Outside U.S. - SKIP to 10a Not inside a city/town/village - ASK 8a SAME city/town/village as present residence - SKIP to 9 7a. INCIDENTPLACE In what city, town, or village did this incident occur? 613 Don't know - ASK 8a DIFFERENT city/town/village from present residence - ASK 7b 5 614 County ________________ 1 2 Yes No 615 8a. INCIDENTSTATE In what county did it occur? 8c. COUNTYSTATE Ask or verify: Is this the same county and state as your present residence? 1 2 Yes No

  1. INCIDENTAIR

Did this incident occur on an American Indian Reservation or on American Indian Lands? Please specify the city, town, or village, in which the incident occurred. 7b. INCIDENTPLACESPEC Specify In what state did it occur? 8b. INCIDENTCOUNTY 10a. LOCATION_GENERAL Did this incident happen ... Read each category until respondent says "yes", then enter appropriate precode. In your home or lodging? - SKIP to 10b Near your home? - SKIP to 10c At, in or near a friend's/relative's/neighbor's home? - SKIP to 10d At a commercial place? - SKIP to 10e In a parking lot or garage? - SKIP to 10f At school? - SKIP to 10g In open areas, on the street, or on public transportation? - SKIP to - 10h Some where else? - SKIP to 10i 1 2 3 4 6 5 7 8 Page 2 State ________________ 12 Inside bank24 Inside gas station25 SKIP to 17c 15 16 17 SKIP to 17c Inside school building18 19 On school property (school parking area, play area, school bus, etc.) SKIP to 17c 20 In apartment yard, park, field, playground (other than school) On the street (other than immediately adjacent to own/friend's/relative's/ neighbor's home) On public transportation or in station (bus, train, plane, airport, depot, etc.) 21 22 SKIP to 18 Other - Specify23 SKIP to 17c Noncommercial parking lot/garage Apartment/townhouse parking lot/ garage Inside other commercial building, such as a store 26 Inside office14 Inside factory or warehouse27 Inside restaurant, bar, nightclub10e. LOCATION_COMMERCE Ask if necessary: At what type of a commercial place did this incident happen? 10f. LOCATION_PARKING 10g. LOCATION_SCHOOL Ask if necessary: In what type of a parking lot or garage did this incident happen? Ask if necessary: Where at school did this incident happen? 10h. LOCATION_OPEN_AREA Ask if necessary: Where in an open area, on the street, or on public transportation did this incident happen? 10i. LOCATION_SPEC Please specify the other location where this incident occurred. Commercial parking lot/garage Yard, sidewalk, driveway, carport (does not include apartment yards) SKIP to 18 On street immediately adjacent to their home 11 Apartment hall, storage area, laundry room (does not include apartment parking lot/garage) 10 9 At or in home or other building on their property 8 Ask if necessary: Where at, in, or near a friend's/relative's/ neighbor's home did this incident happen? 10d. LOCATION_OTHER_HOME Page 3 616 In own dwelling, own attached garage, or enclosed porch (Include illegal entry or attempted illegal entry of same) In hotel or motel room respondent was staying in (Include illegal entry or attempted illegal entry of same) 4 3 In detached building on own property, such as detached garage, storage shed, etc. (Include illegal entry of same) 2 1 Ask if necessary: Where in your home or lodging did this incident happen? 10b. LOCATION_IN_HOME In vacation home/second home (Include illegal entry or attempted illegal entry of same) Apartment hall, storage area, laundry room (does not include apartment parking lot/garage) SKIP to 18 Own yard, sidewalk, driveway, carport, unenclosed porch (does not include apartment yards) On street immediately adjacent to own home or lodging 7 6 5 Ask if necessary: Where near your home or lodging did this incident happen? 10c. LOCATION_NEAR_HOME SKIP to 11 SKIP to 17a Page 4

  1. OFFENDERLIVE 1

2 3 Yes - SKIP to 19617 Did the offender live (here/there) or have a right to be (here/there), for instance, as a guest or a repairperson? No Don't know ASK 12 1 2 3 Yes - SKIP to 14618 No Don't know ASK 13

  1. OFFENDERINSIDE

Did the offender actually get INSIDE your (house/apartment/room/garage/ shed/ enclosed porch)? Did the offender TRY to get in your (house/ apartment/room/garage/shed/porch)? Don't know - ASK 14 No - SKIP to 19 Yes - ASK 14 3 2

  1. OFFENDERTRY

No - SKIP to 16a Yes - ASK 15a 2 1620 Was there any evidence, such as a broken lock or broken window, that the offender(s) (got in by force/TRIED to get in by force)?

  1. FORCEDENTRY

Window 1 Damage to window (include frame, glass broken/removed/cracked) 625 Screen damaged/removed Lock on window damaged/tampered with in some way 2 3 Other - Specify4 Door 5 Damage to door (include frame, glass panes or door removed) 626 Screen damaged/removed Lock or door handle damaged/tampered with in some way 6 7 Other - Specify8 Other 9 Other than window or door - Specify 15a. EVIDENCE What was the evidence? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. SKIP to 19 SKIP to 15c SKIP to 15d SKIP to 15b SKIP to 19 15b. EVIDENCE_SPEC14 Please specify what was the other evidence related to a window. Specify 15c. EVIDENCE_SPEC18 Please specify what was the other evidence related to a door. 15d. EVIDENCE_SPEC19 Please specify what was the evidence other than to a window or door.

  • SKIP to 19

Specify - SKIP to 19 Specify - SKIP to 19 Page 5 2 Offender pushed his/her way in after door opened 627 Through OPEN DOOR or other opening Through UNLOCKED door or window 3 4 1 Let in 5 Through LOCKED door or window - Had key 6 Through LOCKED door or window - Picked lock, used credit card, etc., other than key 7 Through LOCKED door or window - Don't know how Don't know Other - Specify 8 9 16a. OFFENDERGETIN How did the offender (get in/TRY to get in)? Please specify - how the offender got in/TRIED to get in. 16b. OFFENDERGETIN_SPEC SKIP to 19 SKIP to 16b Specify - SKIP to 19 17a. RESPONDENTSSCHOOL Was it your school? 628 1 Yes No - SKIP to 17c2 17b. PARTSCHOOLBLDG In what part of the school building did it happen? 629 1 Classroom Hallway/Stairwell Bathroom/Locker room Other (library, gym, auditorium, cafeteria) 2 3 4 2 Restricted to certain people (or nobody had a right to be there) 630 1 Open to the public Don't know Other - Specify - ASK 17d 3 4 17c. RESTRICTEDAREA Ask or verify - Did the incident happen in an area restricted to certain people or was it open to the public at the time? 17d. RESTRICTEDAREA_SPEC Please specify. 1 2 3 Indoors (inside a building or enclosed space) Both

  1. INSIDEOROUT

Ask or verify - Did it happen outdoors, indoors, or both? SKIP to 18 Outdoors Specify 1 At, in, or near the building containing the respondent's home/next door 632 2 3 4 5 6 A mile or less Five miles or less Fifty miles or less More than 50 miles Don't know how far

  1. FARFROMHOME

Ask or verify- How far away from home did this happen? PROBE: Was it within a mile, 5 miles, 50 miles or more? Enter the code for the first answer category that the respondent is sure of. Ask or verify - Were you or any other member of this household present when this incident occurred? You may need to probe to obtain more details to determine if respondent was present. 20a. HHMEMBERPRESENT 1 2 Yes - ASK 20b No - SKIP to 56 634 1 2 3 Respondent only Respondent and other household member(s) 635 Ask 21 Only other household member(s), not respondent - SKIP to 59a 20b. WHICHMEMBER Ask or verify - Which household members were present? Page 6 1 2 Yes No

  1. SEEOFFENDER

Ask or verify - Did you personally see an offender? Did the offender have a weapon such as a gun or knife, or something to use as a weapon, such as a bottle or wrench? 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 23a637 No Don't know

  1. WEAPONPRESENT

1 2 3 4 5 6 Hand gun (pistol, revolver, etc.) Other gun (rifle, shotgun, etc.) Knife Other sharp object (scissors, ice pick, axe, etc.) Blunt object (rock, club, blackjack, etc.) Other - Specify - ASK 23b 63823a. WEAPON What was the weapon? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 23b. WEAPON_SPEC Please specify the other weapon. Did the offender hit you, knock you down or actually attack you in any way? 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 29a No - ASK 25

  1. ATTACK

1 2 Yes - SKIP to 28a No - ASK 26 640 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 28c No - ASK 27a 641

  1. TRYATTACK

Did the offender TRY to attack you?

  1. THREATEN

Did the offender THREATEN you with harm in any way? SKIP to 24 Specify 642 SKIP to 27c SKIP to 35c SKIP to 35c 1 2 3 Something taken without permission Attempted or threatened to take something Forcible entry or attempted forcible entry of house/apartment Forcible entry or attempted forcible entry of car Damaged or destroyed property8 9 Other - Specify - ASK 27b Attempted or threatened to damage or destroy property 7 10 27a. WHATHAPPEN What actually happened? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 4 6 Unwanted sexual contact without force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) Harassed, argument, abusive language Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) 5 Please specify what actually happened. 27b. WHATHAPPEN_SPEC You mentioned some type of unwanted sexual contact with force. Do you mean forced or coerced sexual intercourse including attempts? 27c. SEXCONFORCEPROBE_1 Yes - SKIP to 29a No - SKIP to 35c 1 2 Specify - SKIP to 35c SKIP to 24 643 1 2 3 4 Verbal threat of rape Verbal threat to kill Verbal threat of attack other than to kill or rape Other - Specify - ASK 28b14 Attempted attack with weapon other than gun/knife/sharp weapon Object thrown at person Followed or surrounded Tried to hit, slap, knock down, grab, hold, trip, jump, push, etc. 11 13 12 644 645 28a. HOWTRYATTACK How did the offender TRY to attack you? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. Verbal threat of sexual assault other than rape Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) Weapon present or threatened with weapon Shot at (but missed) Attempted attack with knife/sharp weapon 5 7 8 9 10 Unwanted sexual contact without force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) 6 28b. HOWTRYATTACK_SPEC Please specify how the offender TRIED to attack you. You mentioned some type of unwanted sexual contact with force. Do you mean forced or coerced sexual intercourse including attempts? 28e. SEXCONFORCEPROBE_2 Yes - ASK 29a No - SKIP to 35c 1 2 SKIP to 35c SKIP to 35c Specify - SKIP to 35c 643 1 2 3 4 Verbal threat of rape Verbal threat to kill Verbal threat of attack other than to kill or rape Other - Specify - ASK 28d14 Attempted attack with weapon other than gun/knife/sharp weapon Object thrown at person Followed or surrounded Tried to hit, slap, knock down, grab, hold, trip, jump, push, etc. 11 13 12 644 645 28c. HOWTHREATEN How were you threatened? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. Verbal threat of sexual assault other than rape Unwanted sexual contact with force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) Weapon present or threatened with weapon Shot at (but missed) Attempted attack with knife/sharp weapon 5 7 8 9 10 Unwanted sexual contact without force (grabbing, fondling, etc.) 6 28d. HOWTHREATEN_SPEC Please specify how you were threatened. SKIP to 35c SKIP to 35c Specify - SKIP to 35c How were you attacked? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. 29a. HOWATTACK 646 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Raped Tried to rape Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape Shot Shot at (but missed) Hit with gun held in hand Stabbed/cut with knife/sharp weapon Attempted attack with knife/sharp weapon Hit by object (other than gun) held in hand Hit by thrown object Attempted attack with weapon other than gun/knife/sharp weapon Hit, slapped, knocked down Grabbed, held, tripped, jumped, pushed, etc. Other - Specify - ASK 29b 12 13 14 647 648 ASK 29d ASK 29c 29b. HOWATTACK_SPEC Please specify how you were attacked. Specify - SKIP to 30a Page 7 SKIP to 28e SKIP to 28e SKIP to 30a Page 8 29c. RAPE_CK1 29d. ATTRAPE_CK1 You mentioned rape. Do you mean forced or coerced sexual intercourse? If "no", then ask: What do you mean? You mentioned attempted rape. Do you mean attempted forced or coerced sexual intercourse? If "no", then ask: What do you mean? Yes - SKIP to 30a No - go back to 29a Yes - SKIP to 30a No - go back to 29a 1 2 3 Yes No Other - Specify - ASK 30b 649 655 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 None Raped Attempted rape Gun shot, bullet wounds Broken bones or teeth knocked out Internal injuries Knocked unconscious Bruises, black eye, cuts, scratches, swelling, chipped teeth Other - Specify - ASK 31b11 656 30a. PRETHREATEN Did the offender THREATEN to hurt you before you were actually attacked? 31a. INJURY What were the injuries you suffered, if any? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 30b. PRETHREATEN_SPEC Please specify. 31b. INJURY_SPEC Please specify the injuries you suffered. SKIP to 31a SKIP to 35c SKIP to 31c SKIP to 31d Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape Knife or stab wounds SKIP to 32a Specify Specify - SKIP to 32a 1 2 Yes - ASK 32b No - SKIP to 33a 657 658 32a. INJURYNOTGUN Ask or verify- Were any of the injuries caused by a weapon other than a gun or knife? 32b. FIRSTINJURY Which injuries were caused by a weapon OTHER than a gun or knife? Enter all that apply. You mentioned rape. Do you mean forced or coerced sexual intercourse? If "no", then ask: What do you mean? 31c. RAPE_CK2 You mentioned attempted rape. Do you mean attempted forced or coerced sexual intercourse? If "no", then ask: What do you mean? 31d. ATTRAPE_CK2 Sexual assault other than rape or attempted rape 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 Attempted rape Broken bones or teeth knocked out Internal injuries Knocked unconscious Bruises, black eye, cuts, scratches, swelling, chipped teeth Other - Specify11 Raped Yes - SKIP to 32a No - go back to 31a Yes - SKIP to 32a No - go back to 31a 1 2 Yes - ASK 33b No - SKIP to 35c 659 Were you injured to the extent that you received any medical care, including self treatment? 33a. MEDICALCARE SKIP to 33a SKIP to 32a Page 9 1 2 At the scene At home/neighbor's/friend's 660 662 Health unit at work/school, first aid station at a stadium/park, etc. Doctor's office/health clinic Emergency room at hospital/emergency clinic Hospital (other than emergency room) Other - Specify - ASK 33c 3 4 5 6 7 663 ____________ Number of days Where did you receive this care? Probe: Anywhere else? Enter all that apply. 33b. RECEIVECAREWHERE 34a. CAREOVERNIGHT Did you stay overnight in the hospital? 34b. CAREDAYHOSPIT How many days did you stay in the hospital? 33c. RECEIVECAREWHERE_SPEC Please specify where you received this care. SKIP to 33d 33d. Is (Box 6) "Hospital" marked in 35a? Specify CHECK ITEM E1 1 2 Yes - ASK 34b No - SKIP to 35a $ ____________ .665 Total amount00 0 No cost 35b. MEDICALEXPENSES What was the total amount of your medical expenses resulting from this incident (INCLUDING anything paid by insurance)? Include hospital and doctor bills, medicine, therapy, braces, and any other injury related expenses. Obtain an estimate, if necessary. At the time of the incident, were you covered by any medical insurance, or were you eligible for benefits from any other type of health benefits program, such as medicaid, Veterans Administration, or Public Welfare? 35a. MEDICALINSURANCE 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes664 1 2 Yes - ASK 34a No - SKIP to 35a 35c. Is (Box 1) "Yes" marked in 24, 25 or 26 or are (Box 4 or 5) "Unwanted sexual contact with or without force" marked in 27? CHECK ITEM E2 1 2 Yes - ASK 36a No - SKIP to 39 36a. EMO_TOLL_IMPACT_JOB Being a victim of crime affects people in different ways. Next I would like to ask you some questions about how being a crime victim may have affected you. Did being a victim of this crime lead you to have significant problems with your job or schoolwork, or trouble with your boss, coworkers, or peers? 1 2 Yes No 36b. EMO_TOLL_IMPACT_FAMILY Did being a victim of this crime lead you to have significant problems with family members or friends, including getting into more arguments or fights than you did before, not feeling you could trust them as much, or not feeling as close to them as you did before? 1 2 Yes No 36c. EMO_TOLL_IMPACT_DISTRESSING How distressing was being a victim of this crime to you? Was it not at all distressing, mildly distressing, moderately distressing, or severely distressing? 1 2 Not at all distressing Mildly distressing 3 4 Moderately distressing Severely distressing 971 972 973 Page 10 Yes1 2 No Still thinking about your distress associated with being a victim of this crime did you feel any of the following ways for A MONTH OR MORE? Did you feel ... Worried or anxious? (a) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_WORRIED

36d. Is (Box 1) "Yes" marked in 36a or 36b or are (Box 3 or 4) "Moderately or severely distressing" marked in 36c? CHECK ITEM E3 1 2 Yes - ASK 37 No - SKIP to 39 Angry? (b) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_ANGRY Yes1 2 No Sad or depressed? (c) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_SAD Yes1 2 No Vulnerable? (d) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_VULNERABLE Yes1 2 No Violated? (e) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_VIOLATED Yes1 2 No Like you couldn't trust people? (f) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_MISTRUST Yes1 2 No Unsafe? (g) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_UNSAFE Yes1 2 No Some other way? (h) EMO_TOLL_FEEL_OTHER_WAY Yes1 2 No 37i. FEEL_OTH_WAY_SP What other way did being a victim of this crime make you feel? Specify 37k. EMO_TOLL_SEEK_PRO_HELP Did you seek any kind of professional help for the feelings you experienced as a result of being a victim of this crime? 1 2 Yes - ASK 37l No - SKIP to 38 37l. EMO_TOLL_PRO_HELP_SOUGHT Did you seek any kind of professional help for the feelings you experienced as a result of being a victim of this crime? Enter all that apply. 1 2 Counseling/therapy Medication 3 4 Visited a doctor or nurse Visted ER/hospital/clinic 5 Other - Specify - ASK 37m SKIP to 38 37m. HELP_SOUGHT_SP What other kind of professional help did you seek? Specify 37j. Is (Box 1) "Yes" marked in any of 37a through 37h? CHECK ITEM E4 1 2 Yes - ASK 37k No - SKIP to 38 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 Yes1 2 No Did you experience any of the following physical problems associated with being a victim of this crime for A MONTH OR MORE? Did you experience ... Headaches? (a) EMO_TOLL_HAVE_HEADACHES

Yes1 2 No Trouble sleeping? (b) EMO_TOLL_TRBL_SLEEPING Yes1 2 No Changes in your eating or drinking habits? (c) EMO_TOLL_EATING_PROBS Yes1 2 No Upset stomach? (d) EMO_TOLL_UPSET_STOMACH Yes1 2 No Fatigue? (e) EMO_TOLL_FATIGUE Yes1 2 No High blood pressure? (f) EMO_TOLL_HIGH_BLOOD_PRESS Yes1 2 No Muscle tension or back pain? (g) EMO_TOLL_MUSCLE_TENSION Yes1 2 No Some other physical problem? (h) EMO_TOLL_OTHER_PHYSICAL 38i. OTH_PHY_SP What other physical problem did you experience for A MONTH OR MORE? Specify 38j. Is (Box 1) "Yes" marked in any of 38a through 38h? CHECK ITEM E5 1 2 Yes - ASK 38k No - SKIP to 39 38l. EMO_TOLL_KIND_HELP_PHYPROBS What type of professional or medical help did you seek? Enter all that apply. 1 2 Counseling/therapy Medication 3 4 Visited a doctor or nurse Visted ER/hospital/clinic 5 Other - Specify - ASK 38m SKIP to 39 38m. KIND_HELP_PHYOTH_SP What other kind of professional help did you seek? Specify 38k. EMO_TOLL_SEEK_HELP_PHYPROBS Other than any medical care you received for the injury(ies) you suffered) did you seek any professional or medical help for the physical problems you experienced as a result of being a victim of this crime? 1 2 Yes - ASK 38l No - SKIP to 39

  1. Is respondent female and

between the ages of 18-49? CHECK ITEM F1 1 2 Yes - ASK 40 No - SKIP to 41a 960 1 2 Yes No

  1. PREGATTIMEOFINC

Research shows that pregnant women may be at a higher risk of being the victim of a violent crime. Were you pregnant at the time of this incident? Page 11 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 Page 12 668 1 2 3 4 5 6 Attacked offender with gun; fired gun Attacked with other weapon Threatened offender with other weapon Threatened to injure, no weapon 43a. INJACTION Did you take these actions before, after, or at the same time that you were injured? Enter all that apply. 43b. INJACTIONHELP Did (any of) your action(s) help the situation in any way? Probe: Did your action(s) help you avoid injury, protect your property, escape from the offender - or were they helpful in some other way? 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 42a No/took no action/kept still - ASK 41b USED PHYSICAL FORCE TOWARD OFFENDER 672 1 2 3 Actions taken before injury Actions taken after injury Actions taken at same time as injury 673 669 7 RESISTED OR CAPTURED OFFENDER 8 Chased, tried to catch or hold offender 9 Yelled at offender, turned on lights, threatened to call police, etc. SCARED OR WARNED OFF OFFENDER PERSUADED OR APPEASED OFFENDER 670 10 Cooperated, or pretended to (stalled, did what they asked) 11 671 12 13 14 Called police or guard REACTED TO PAIN OR EMOTION 15 Screamed from pain or fear 41a. PROTECTSELF Did you do anything with the idea of protecting YOURSELF or your PROPERTY while the incident was going on? 41b. DURINGINCIDENT Was there anything you did or tried to do about the incident while it was going on? 42a. ACTIONSDURINGINC What did you do? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. OTHER 16 Other - Specify - ASK 42b 42b. ACTIONDURINGINC_SPEC Please specify what you did. Attacked without weapon (hit, kicked, etc.) Threatened offender with gun Defended self or property (struggled, ducked, blocked blows, held onto property) Argued, reasoned, pleaded, bargained, etc. Ran or drove away, or tried; hid, locked door Tried to attract attention or help, warn others (cried out for help, called children inside) SKIP to 42c SKIP to 42c 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 42a No/took no action/kept still - ASK 47 ESCAPED OR GOT AWAY GOT HELP OR GAVE ALARM Specify 42c. Was the respondent injured in this incident? (Are any of the Boxes 2-11 marked in 31a?) CHECK ITEM F2 1 2 Yes - ASK 43a No - SKIP to 43b 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes - ASK 44a 666 667 SKIP to 45

  1. ACTIONWORSE

Did (any of) your action(s) make the situation worse in any way? Probe: Did your action(s) lead to injury, greater injury, loss of property, make the offender angrier, or make the situation worse in some other way? 46a. WORSE How did they make the situation worse? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply.

  1. ANYONEPRESENT

Was anyone present during the incident besides you and the offender? (Other than children under age 12.)

  1. OTHERSACTIONS

Did the actions of (this person/any of these people) help the situation in any way? 49a. HOWOTHERSHELP How did they help the situation? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. 676 1 2 3 4 5 6 Led to injury or greater injury to respondent Caused greater loss of property or damage to property Other people got hurt (worse) Offender got away Made offender angrier, more aggressive, etc. Other - Specify - ASK 46b 44b. HELP_SPEC Please specify how were they helpful. 46b. WORSE_SPEC Please specify how the respondent's actions made the situation worse. 49b. HOWOTHERSHELP_SPEC Please specify how they helped the situation. 674 1 2 3 4 5 6 Helped respondent get away from offender Protected property Protected other people Other - Specify - ASK 44b 44a. HELP How were they helpful? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. SKIP to 47 Helped avoid injury or greater injury to respondent Scared or chased offender off Specify 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes - ASK 46a Specify 677 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes - ASK 48 678 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes - ASK 49a 679 1 2 3 4 5 6 Helped respondent get away from offender Protected property Protected other people Other - Specify - ASK 49b Helped avoid injury or greater injury to respondent Scared or chased offender off Specify 680

  1. OTHERSACTIONSWORSE

Did the actions of (this person/any of these people) make the situation worse in any way? 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes - ASK 51a Page 13 SKIP to 45 SKIP to 47 SKIP to 54c SKIP to 50 SKIP to 50 SKIP to 52 Page 14 684 0 None - SKIP to 54c

  1. PERSONSHARMED

Not counting yourself, were any of the persons present during the incident harmed (Pause), threatened with harm (Pause), or robbed by force or threat of harm? (Do not include yourself, the offender, or children under 12 years of age.)

  1. PERSONSHARMEDNUM

How many? (Do not include yourself, the offender or children under 12 years of age.) 54a. HHMEMHARMED How many of these persons are members of your household now? (Do not include yourself, the offender or children under 12 years of age.) ____________ Number of persons683 ____________ Number of persons 51a. OTHWORSE How did they make the situation worse? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. 681 1 2 3 4 5 6 Led to injury or greater injury to respondent Caused greater loss of property or damage to property Other people got hurt (worse) Offender got away Made offender angrier, more aggressive, etc. Other - Specify - ASK 51b 51b. OTHWORSE_SPEC Please specify how they made the situation worse. SKIP to 52 Specify 682 3 Don't know 2 No 1 Yes - ASK 53 Line number(s) If not sure ask: Who are these household members? (Do not include yourself, the offender, or children under 12 years of age) Enter the line number(s) of other household members. 54b. HHMEMHARMED_NAMES 68554c. Did the respondent use or threaten to use physical force against the offender? (Are any of the Boxes 1-6 marked in 42a?) CHECK ITEM G 1 2 Yes - ASK 55 No - SKIP to 60 1 2 3 Respondent Offender(s) Someone else

  1. FIRSTTOUSEFORCE

Who was the first to use or threaten to use physical force - you, the offender, or someone else? 1 2 Yes - ASK 57 No - SKIP to 88 687 1 2 3 Suspicion Fairly sure Certain 688

  1. KNOWLEARNOFFENDERS
  2. SUREOFINFO

How sure are you of this information? Do you have a suspicion, are you fairly sure or are you certain? Do you know or have you learned anything about the offender(s) - for instance, whether there was one or more than one offender involved, whether it was someone young or old, or male or female? RESPONDENTUSEFORCE SKIP to 60 SKIP to 54c 689 SKIP to 88 1 Respondent saw or heard offender From other member of household who was eyewitness From eyewitness(es) other than household member(s) From police Other person (not eyewitness) Offender(s) admitted it Offender(s) had threatened to do it 4 5 6 7 Other - Specify - ASK 58b 3 10 690 2 Stolen property found on offender's property or in offender's possession 8 Figured it out by who had motive, opportunity, or had done it before 9 58a. LEARNOFFENDERS How did you learn about the offender(s)? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. 58b. LEARNOFFENDERS_SPEC Please specify how you learned about the offender(s). Specify - SKIP to 88 1 2 3 Something taken without permission Attempted or threatened to take something Harassed, argument, abusive language 691 Forcible entry or attempted forcible entry of house/apartment 4 5 6 7 Forcible entry or attempted forcible entry of car Damaged or destroyed property Attempted or threatened to damage or destroy property Other - Specify - ASK 59b8 59a. HAPPEN What actually happened? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. SKIP to 60 59b. HAPPEN_SPEC Please specify what actually happened. Specify 1 2 3 Only one - SKIP to 62 More than one - SKIP to 74 Don't know - ASK 61

  1. ONEORMOREOFFENDERS

Ask or verify - Was the crime committed by only one or by more than one offender? 1 2 Yes - ASK 62 No - SKIP to 88

  1. KNOWOFFENDERS

Do you know anything about one of the offenders?

  1. SINGOFFENDERKNEW
  2. SINGOFFENDERRECOG
  3. SINGOFFENDERHOWWELL

65a. SINGOFFENDERSIGHT 65b. SINGOFFENDERSIGHT_SPEC Was the offender someone you knew or a stranger you had never seen before? 703 Knew or had seen before - SKIP to 64 Stranger Don't know 1 2 3 Page 15 Would you be able to recognize the offender if you saw him/her? SKIP to 65a 704 Yes Not sure (possibly or probably) No - SKIP to 67 1 2 3 How well did you know the offender - by sight only, casual acquaintance, or well known? SKIP to 66a 705 Sight only - ASK 65a Casual acquaintance Well known 1 2 3 Would you have been able to tell the police how they might find the offender, for instance, where he/she lived, worked, went to school, or spent time? SKIP to 67 706 1 2 3 Yes No Other - Specify - ASK 65b Specify - SKIP to 67

  1. SINGOFFENDERGENDER 698 1

2 3 Male Female Don't knowWas the offender male or female? 699 1 2 3 4 Under 12 12-14 15-17 18-20

  1. SINGOFFENDERAGE

How old would you say the offender was? 5 6 7 21-29 30 or older Don't know

  1. SINGOFFENDERGANG

Was the offender a member of a street gang, or don't you know? Yes (a member of a street gang) No (not a member of a street gang) Don't know (if a member of a street gang) 700 1 2 3 72a. SINGOFFENDERDRINKDRUG Was the offender drinking or on drugs, or don't you know? 72b. SINGOFFENDERDRINKORDRUG Which was it? (Drinking or on drugs?) 701 1 2 3 Yes (drinking or on drugs) - ASK 72b No (not drinking/not on drugs) Don't know (if drinking or on drugs) 702 Drinking On drugs Both (drinking and on drugs) Drinking or on drugs - could not tell which 1 2 3 4 Page 16 66a. SINGOFFENDERRELATION How well did you know the offender? For example, was the offender a friend, cousin, etc.? 707 Spouse at time of incident Ex-spouse at time of incident Parent or step-parent Own child or step-child Brother/sister Other relative - Specify - ASK 66b 1 2 3 4 5 6 RELATIVE NONRELATIVE Boyfriend or girlfriend, ex-boyfriend or ex-girlfriend Friend or ex-friend Roommate, boarder Schoolmate Neighbor Customer/client Patient Supervisor (current or former) Employee (current or former) Co-worker (current or former) 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 16 17 18 14 13 Teacher/school staff Other nonrelative - Specify - ASK 66c 66b. SINGOFFENDERRELATION_SPEC_16 Please specify the other relative. 66c. SINGOFFENDERRELATION_SPEC_28 Please specify the other nonrelative. SKIP to 67 SKIP to 67 Specify - SKIP to 67 Specify

  1. SINGOFFETHNICITY 994 1

2 3 Yes No Don't knowWas the offender Hispanic or Latino?

  1. SINGOFFENDERRACE

What race or races was the offender? You may select more than one. Was the offender... Enter all that apply. White? Black or African American? American Indian or Alaska Native? Don't know 1 2 3 4 708 5 6 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander? Asian? Was this the only time this offender committed a crime against you or your household or made threats against you or your household?

  1. SINGOFFENDERONLYTIME SKIP to 88

709 Yes (only time) No (there were other times) Don't know 1 2 3

  1. HOWMANYOFFENDERS

How many offenders? 710 Number of offenders SKIP to 73 Page 17

  1. MULTOFFENDERKNEW

Were any of the offenders known to you, or were they strangers you had never seen before? 1 2 All known Some known ASK 76 3 4 All strangers Don't know

  1. MULTOFFENDERRECOG

Would you be able to recognize any of them if you saw them? 719 1 2 3 Yes Not sure (possibly or probably) No - SKIP to 80a SKIP to 78a 77a. MULTOFFENDERHOWWELL 720 1 2 3 Sight only Casual acquaintance Well knownHow well did you know the offender(s) - by sight only, casual acquaintance, or well known? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 77b. Is "casual acquaintance" or "well known" marked in 77a? CHECK ITEM H Yes - SKIP to 79a No - ASK 78a 78a. MULTOFFENDERSIGHT Would you have been able to tell the police how they might find any of them, for instance, where they lived, worked, went to school, or spent time? 722 1 2 3 Yes No Other - Specify - ASK 78b 78b. MULTOFFENDERSIGHT_SPEC Please specify. Specify - SKIP to 80a 79a. MULTOFFENDERRELATION How did you know them? For example, were they friends, cousins, etc.? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. Spouse at time of incident Ex-spouse at time of incident Parent or step-parent Own child or step-child Brother/sister Other relative - Specify - ASK 79b 1 2 3 4 5 6 RELATIVE NONRELATIVE Boyfriend or girlfriend, ex-boyfriend or ex-girlfriend Friend or ex-friend Roommate, boarder Schoolmate Neighbor Customer/client Patient Supervisor (current or former) Employee (current or former) Co-worker (current or former) 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 16 17 18 14 13 Teacher/school staff Other nonrelative - Specify - ASK 79c SKIP to 80a SKIP to 80a 961 962 79b. MULTOFFENDERRELATION_SPEC_16 Please specify the other relative. 79c. MULTOFFENDERRELATION_SPEC_28 Please specify the other nonrelative. Specify - SKIP to 80a Specify SKIP to 81 1 2 3 4 All male All female Don't know sex of any offenders Both male and female 71180a. MULTOFFENDERGENDER Were they male or female? (If only two offenders, SKIP to 81 otherwise ASK 80b) 71280b. MULTOFFENDERMOSTGENDER Were they mostly male or mostly female? 1 2 3 4 Mostly male Mostly female Evenly divided Don't know 963 965 964 SKIP to 80a SKIP to 77a SKIP to 80a

  1. MULTOFFENDERYOUNG

How old would you say the youngest was?

  1. MULTOFFENDEROLD

How old would you say the oldest was?

  1. MULTOFFENDERGANG

Were any of the offenders a member of a street gang, or don't you know? 86a. MULTOFFENDERDRINKDRUG Were any of the offenders drinking or on drugs, or don't you know? 86b. MULTOFFENDERDRINKORDRUG Which was it? (Drinking or on drugs?) Page 18 713 1 2 3 4 Under 12 12-14 15-17 18-20 5 6 7 21-29 30 or older Don't know 714 1 2 3 4 Under 12 12-14 15-17 18-20 5 6 7 21-29 30 or older Don't know Yes (a member of a street gang) No (not a member of a street gang) Don't know (if a member of a street gang) 715 1 2 3 716 1 2 3 Yes (drinking or on drugs) - ASK 86b No (not drinking/not on drugs) Don't know (if drinking or on drugs) 717 Drinking On drugs Both (drinking and on drugs) Drinking or on drugs - could not tell which 1 2 3 4 83a. MULTIPLEOFFENDERETHNICITY 995 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 83b No Don't knowWere any of the offenders Hispanic or Latino? 83b. MULTIPLEOFFENDERMOSTETHNICITY Were the offenders mostly Hispanic, mostly non-Hispanic, or an equal number of Hispanic and non-Hispanic? 996 Mostly Hispanic or Latino Mostly non-Hispanic Equal number of Hispanic and non-Hispanic Don't know 1 2 3 4 72684a. MULTOFFENDERRACE What race or races were the offenders? Were they... Enter all that apply. White? Black or African American? American Indian or Alaska Native? Asian? 1 2 3 4 84b. Is more than one box marked in 84a? CHECK ITEM I Yes - ASK 84c No - SKIP to 85 Mostly White Mostly Black or African American Mostly American Indian or Alaska Native Mostly Asian Mostly Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 72784c. MULTOFFENDERRACEMOST 1 2 3 4 5 What race were most of the offenders? Don't know 5 6 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander? Equal number of each race Don't know 6 7

  1. MULTOFFENDERONLYTIME

Was this the only time any of these offenders committed a crime against you or your household or made threats against you or your household? 730 Yes (only time) No (there were other times) Don't know 1 2 3 1 2 3 Yes - SKIP to 96a No Don't know

  1. THEFT

Ask or verify: Was something stolen or taken without permission that belonged to you or others in the household? (Include anything stolen from the business operated from the respondent's home.) Include anything stolen from an unrecognizable business. Do not include anything stolen from a recognizable business in respondent's home or another business, such as merchandise or cash from a register. SKIP to 87 SKIP to 84a Page 19

  1. ATTEMPTTHEFT

Ask or verify: Did the offender(s) ATTEMPT to take something that belonged to you or others in the household? (Include anything stolen from the operated from the respondent's home.) Do not include anything the offender tried to steal from a recognizable business in respondent's home or another business, such as merchandise or cash from a register. 732 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 90a No Don't know SKIP to 110 90a. ATTEMPTTHEFTWHAT What did the offender try to take? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 733 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cash Purse Wallet Credit cards, checks, bank cards Car 737 Other motor vehicle Bicycle or parts Handgun (pistol, revolver) Other firearm (rifle, shotgun) Other - Specify - ASK 90b Don't know - SKIP to 91a 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 734 735 736 90b. ATTEMPTTHEFTWHAT_SPEC Please specify what the offender(s) tried to take. Part of motor vehicle (tire, hubcap, attached car stereo or satellite radio, attached CB radio, etc.) Gasoline or oil SKIP to 91a TV, DVD player, VCR, stereo, other household appliances Silver, china, art objects Other household furnishings (furniture, rugs, etc.) Personal effects (clothing, jewelry, toys, etc.) Specify 73891a. ATTEMPTTHEFTOWNER Did the (property/money) the offender tried to take belong to you personally, to someone else in the household, or to both you and other household members? 1 2 Respondent only - SKIP to 92a Respondent and other household member(s) Other household member(s) only Nonhousehold member(s) only - SKIP to 92a 3 4 5 Other - Specify - ASK 91b 91b. ATTEMPTTHEFTOWNER_SPEC Please specify who the (property/money) the offender(s) tried to take belonged to. SKIP to 91c Specify - SKIP to 92a 739 OR 40 Household property Line number Line number Line number ATTEMPTHEFTLNS If not sure, ask: Besides the respondent, which household member(s) owned the (property/money) the offender tried to take? Enter appropriate line number(s). 91c. CHECK ITEM J 92a. ATTEMPTTHEFTITEMSINMV Ask or verify: (Was/Were) the article(s) IN or ATTACHED to a motor vehicle when the attempt was made to take (it/them)? 740 Yes No 1 2 Page 20 92b. Did the offender try to take cash, a purse, or a wallet? (Is Box 1, 2, or 3 marked in 90a?) CHECK ITEM K Yes - ASK 93 No - SKIP to 94

  1. ATTEMPTTHEFTONPERSON

Ask or verify: Was the (cash/purse/wallet) on your person, for instance, in a pocket or being held? 742 1 2 Yes No Yes - ASK 95 No - SKIP to 110

  1. ATTEMPTTHEFTITEMONPERSON
  2. ATTEMPTTHEFTITEMS

Which items did the offender(s) try to take directly from you? Exclude property not belonging to respondent or other household member. 1 2 Ask or verify: Was there anything (else) the offender(s) tried to take directly from you, for instance, from your pocket or hands, or something that you were wearing? Exclude property not belonging to respondent or other household member 746 4 5 6 Credit cards, checks, bank cards Car Other motor vehicle Bicycle or parts Handgun (pistol, revolver) Other firearm (rifle, shotgun) Other Tried to take everything marked in 90a directly from respondent 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 40 Part of motor vehicle (tire, hubcap, attached car stereo or satellite radio, attached CB radio, etc.) Gasoline or oil TV, DVD player, VCR, stereo, other household appliances Silver, china, art objects Other household furnishings (furniture, rugs, etc.) Personal effects (clothing, jewelry, toys, etc.) SKIP to 110 Page 21 96a. WHATWASTAKEN What was taken that belonged to you or others in the household? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 2 3 4 Purse Wallet Credit cards, check, bank cards 753 22 23 24 25 26 Tools, machines, office equipment Farm or garden produce, plants, fruit, logs Animals - pet or livestock Food or liquor Other - Specify 750 755 Don't know 8 9 20 21 27 Cash1 CASH/PURSE/WALLET/CREDIT CARDS Car5 6 7 VEHICLE OR PARTS Unattached motor vehicle accessories or equipment (unattached CD player or satellite radio, etc.) Bicycle or parts TV, DVD player, VCR, stereo, other household appliances Gasoline or oil Part of motor vehicle (tire, hubcap, attached car stereo or satellite radio, attached CB radio, etc.) Other motor vehicle HOUSEHOLD FURNISHINGS Portable electronic and photographic gear (Personal stereo, TV, cellphone, camera, etc.) 11 14 PERSONAL EFFECTS Handgun (pistol, revolver) Other firearm (rifle, shotgun) Clothing, furs, luggage, briefcase Jewelry, watch, keys Toys, sports and recreation equipment (not listed above) Collection of stamps, coins, etc. Other personal and portable objects 15 16 17 18 19 751 FIREARMS MISCELLANEOUS 754 752 749 748 10 Silver, china, art objects Other household furnishings (furniture, rugs, etc.) 12 13 96b. Follow the skip pattern for the first category met, based on the entries in 96a. CHECK ITEM L1 If Box 26 is marked in 96a - ASK 96c If Box 2 and/or 3 is marked in 96a - SKIP to 96d If Box 1 is marked in 96a - SKIP to 96e If none of the conditions above are met - SKIP to 97a 747 96c. WHATWASTAKEN_SPEC Please specify what was taken. 96e. AMOUNTCASHTAKEN If not sure, ask: How much cash was taken? If Box 2 and/or 3 is marked in 96a - ASK 96d If Box 1 is marked in 96a - SKIP to 96e Otherwise SKIP to 97a Specify - Yes - ASK 96e No 96d. PRSWLT_CONTAINMONEY 1 2 Did the stolen (purse/wallet) contain any money? If Box 1 is marked in 96a ASK 96e otherwise SKIP to 97a $ ____________ . Amount of cash taken00 76097a. WHOOWNEDSTOLENPROPERTY Did the stolen (property/money) belong to you personally, to someone else in the household, or to both you and other household members? 1 2 Respondent only - SKIP to 97d Respondent and other household member(s) Other household member(s) only Nonhousehold member(s) only - SKIP to 97d 3 4 5 Other - Specify - ASK 97b 97b. ATTEMPTTHEFTOWNER_SPEC Please specify who the stolen (property/money) belonged to. SKIP to 97c Specify - SKIP to 97d Page 22 761 OR 40 Household property Line number Line number Line number OTHERSOWNEDSTOLENPROPERTY If not sure, ask: Besides the respondent, which household member(s) owned the stolen (property/ money)? Enter appropriate line number(s). 97c. CHECK ITEM L2 97d. Was a car or other motor vehicle stolen? (Is Box 5 or 6 marked in 96a?) CHECK ITEM M1 Yes - ASK 98 No - SKIP to 100a

  1. PERMISSIONGIVEN

Had permission to use the (car/motor vehicle) ever been given to the offender(s)? 763 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 99 No Don't know SKIP to 100b

  1. RETURNCAR

Did the offender return the (car/motor vehicle) this time? 764 1 2 Yes No SKIP to 100b 100a. ARTICLEINCAR Ask or verify: (Was/Were) the article(s) IN or ATTACHED to a motor vehicle when (it was/they were) taken? 765 1 2 Yes No 101a. NUMBERHANDGUNS How many handguns were taken? 923 100b. Did the offender(s) take a handgun? (Is Box 20 marked in 96a?) CHECK ITEM M2 Yes - ASK 101a No - SKIP to 101b Number of handguns 101b. Did the offender(s) take some other type of firearm? (Is Box 21 marked in 96a?) CHECK ITEM M3 Yes - ASK 101a No - SKIP to 101b 101c. NUMBERFIREARMS How many other types of firearms were taken? 924 Number of handguns 101d. Was cash, a purse, or a wallet taken? (Is Box 1, 2, or 3 marked in 96a?) CHECK ITEM N1 Yes - ASK 102a No - SKIP to 102b 102a. CASHONPERSON Ask or verify: Was the (cash/purse/wallet) on your person, for instance, in a pocket or being held? 767 1 2 Yes No Yes - ASK 103 No - SKIP to 104a 768102b. OTHERONPERSON 1 2 Ask or verify: Was there anything (else) the offender(s) took directly from you, for instance, from your pocket or hands, or something that you were wearing? Exclude property not belonging to respondent or other household member Page 23

  1. ITEMSTAKEN

Which items did the offender(s) take directly from you? Exclude property not belonging to respondent or other household member. 4 Credit cards, check, bank cards 22 23 24 25 26 Tools, machines, office equipment Farm or garden produce, plants, fruit, logs Animals -pet or livestock Food or liquor Other 8 9 20 21 Car5 6 7 Unattached motor vehicle accessories or equipment (unattached CD player or satellite radio, etc.) Bicycle or parts TV, DVD player, VCR, stereo, other household appliances Gasoline or oil Part of motor vehicle (tire, hubcap, attached car stereo or satellite radio, attached CB radio, etc.) Other motor vehicle Portable electronic and photographic gear (Personal stereo, TV, cellphone, camera, etc.) 11 14 Handgun (pistol, revolver) Other firearm (rifle, shotgun) Clothing, furs, luggage, briefcase Jewelry, watch, keys Toys, sports and recreation equipment (not listed above) Collection of stamps, coins, etc. Other personal and portable objects 15 16 17 18 19 769 10 Silver, china, art objects Other household furnishings (furniture, rugs, etc.) 12 13 Everything marked in 96a was taken directly from respondent 40 104a. Were only cash, a purse, or a wallet taken? (Are Boxes 1, 2, or 3 the only Boxes marked in 96a?) CHECK ITEM N2 Yes - SKIP to 106 No - ASK 104b 770104b. PROPERTYVALUE What was the value of the PROPERTY that was taken? Include recovered property. (Exclude any stolen (cash/checks/credit cards) If jointly owned with a nonhousehold member(s), include only the share owned by household members.) Enter total dollar value for all items taken. $ ____________ . Value of property taken00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Original cost Replacement cost Personal estimate of current value Insurance report estimate Police estimate Don't know Other - Specify - ASK 105b How did you decide the value of the property that was taken? Probe: Any other way? Enter all that apply. 771 105a. DECIDEDVALUE SKIP to 106 772 Was all or part of the stolen (money/property) recovered, not counting anything received from insurance? 1 2 3 All - SKIP to 107d Part - ASK 107a None - SKIP to 109

  1. ALLPARTRECOVERED

105b. DECIDEDVALUE_SPEC Please specify how the value of the property (that was taken) was decided. Specify What was recovered? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. Purse Wallet Credit cards, checks, bank cards Car or other motor vehicle Property other than the above Cash recovered1 2 3 4 5 6 776107a. WHATRECOVERED 107b. Follow the skip pattern for the first category met, based on the entries in 107a. CHECK ITEM N3 If Box 2 and/or 3 is marked in 107a - ASK 107c If Box 1 is marked in 107a - SKIP to 107d If none of the conditions above are met - SKIP to 107e Page 24 Did the recovered (purse/wallet) contain any money? 107c. CONTAINMONEY Yes - ASK 107d No 1 2 If Box 1 is marked in 107a ASK 107d otherwise SKIP to 107e 775107d. CASHRECOVERED If necessary: How much cash was recovered? $ ____________ . Amount of cash recovered00 777107e. Was PROPERTY other than cash, checks, or credit cards recovered? (Are Boxes 2, 3, 5, or 6 marked in 107a?) CHECK ITEM O 1 2 Yes - ASK 108 No - SKIP to 109

  1. RECOVEREDCASHVALUE 778

779 Was the theft reported to an insurance company? 1 2 3 4 Yes No Don't have insurance Don't know

  1. REPORTEDTOINSURANCE

Considering any damage, what was the value of the property after it was recovered? Do not include recovered (cash/checks/credit cards) If value of recovered property is the same as value of property taken then enter the amount from 104b above. $ ____________ . Value of property recovered00 (Was/Were) the damaged item(s) repaired or replaced? 781 1 2 3 Yes, all Yes, part No, none - ASK 112 SKIP to 113 780 1 2 Yes - ASK 111 No - SKIP to 115

  1. DAMAGED
  2. DAMAGEDREPAIRED

(Other than any stolen property) was anything that belonged to you or other members of the household damaged in this incident? Probe: For example, was (a lock or window broken/clothing damaged/damage done to a car), or something else? How much would it cost to repair or replace the damaged item(s)?

  1. ESTCOSTREPAIRREPLACE SKIP

to 114a No cost - SKIP to 1150 $ ____________ . Cost to repair/replace -00 1 2 3 4 5 6 Items will not be repaired or replaced Household member Landlord or landlord's insurance Victim's (or household's) insurance Offender Other - Specify - ASK 114b

  1. ACTCOSTREPAIRREPLACE

How much was the repair or replacement cost? 114a. PAIDREPAIRS Who (paid/will pay) for the repairs or replacement? Probe: Anyone else? Enter all that apply. 784 Please specify who (paid/will pay) for the repairs or replacement. 114b. PAIDREPAIRS_SPEC SKIP to 115 783 No cost - SKIP to 1150 $ ____________ . Cost to repair/replace - ASK 114a00 Specify 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 116a No - SKIP to 117a Don't know - SKIP to 130

  1. POLICEINFORMED

Were the police informed or did they find out about this incident in any way? NONCASHPROPERTYRECOVERED 116a. POLICEFINDOUT 1 2 3 Respondent - SKIP to 119a Other household member 4 5 6 7 801 Someone official called police (guard, apt. manager, school official, etc.) Someone else Police were at scene - SKIP to 123a Offender was a police officer - SKIP to 124 Some other way - Specify - ASK 116b SKIP to 121 How did the police find out about it? Enter first precode that applies. If proxy interview, we want the proxy respondent to answer questions 116a - 134b for herself/himself, not for the person for whom the proxy interview is being taken. Please specify how the police found out about it. 116b. POLICEFINDOUT_SPEC Specify - SKIP to 124 117a. NOTREPORTEDPOLICE 802 806 DEALT WITH ANOTHER WAY 1 Reported to another official (guard, apt. manager, school official, etc.) Private or personal matter or took care of it myself or informally; told offender's parent 2 Minor or unsuccessful crime, small or no loss, recovered property INSURANCE WOULDN'T COVER Child offender(s), "kid stuff" Not clear it was a crime or that harm was intended No insurance, loss less than deductible, etc. Didn't find out until too late Could not recover or identify property Could not find or identify offender, lack of proof Police wouldn't think it was important enough, wouldn't want to be bothered or get involved Police would be inefficient, ineffective (they'd arrive late or not at all, wouldn't do a good job, etc.) Police would be biased, would harass/insult respondent, cause respondent trouble, etc.) Offender was police officer OTHER REASON Did not want to get offender in trouble with the law Was advised not to report to police Afraid of reprisal by offender or others Did not want to or could not take time - too inconvenient Other - Specify - ASK 117b 805 804 803 Respondent not present or doesn't know why it wasn't reported - SKIP to 117c 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 What was the reason it was not reported to the police? Probe: Can you tell me a little more? Any other reason? Enter all that apply. STRUCTURED PROBE - Was the reason because you dealt with it another way, it wasn't important enough to you, insurance wouldn't cover it, police couldn't do anything, police wouldn't help, or was there some other reason? NOT IMPORTANT ENOUGH TO RESPONDENT POLICE COULDN'T DO ANYTHING POLICE WOULDN'T HELP 117b. NOTREPORTEDPOLICE_SPEC Please specify the reason it was not reported to the police. Specify 117c. Is more than one reason marked in 117a? CHECK ITEM P 1 2 Yes - ASK 118 No - SKIP to 130 Page 25 Codes 1-17 SKIP to 117c

  1. NOTREPORTIMPORTANT

Which of these would you say was the most important reason why the incident was not reported to the police? 1 Reported to another official (guard, apt. manager, school official, etc.) Private or personal matter or took care of it myself or informally; told offender's parent 2 Minor or unsuccessful crime, small or no loss, recovered property Child offender(s), "kid stuff" Not clear it was a crime or that harm was intended No insurance, loss less than deductible, etc. Didn't find out until too late Could not recover or identify property Could not find or identify offender, lack of proof Police wouldn't think it was important enough, wouldn't want to be bothered or get involved Police would be inefficient, ineffective (they'd arrive late or not at all, wouldn't do a good job, etc.) Police would be biased, would harass/ insult respondent, cause respondent trouble, etc.) Offender was police officer Did not want to get offender in trouble with the law Was advised not to report to police Afraid of reprisal by offender or others Did not want to or could not take time - too inconvenient Other - Specify No one reason more important 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 All codes, SKIP to 130 808 119a. REASONREPORT Besides the fact that it was a crime, did YOU have any other reason for reporting this incident to the police? Probe: Any other reason? Enter all that apply. STRUCTURED PROBE - Did you report it to get help with this incident, to recover your loss, to stop or punish the offender, to let police know about it, or was there some other reason? 809 TO GET HELP WITH THIS INCIDENT 1 2 Stop or prevent THIS incident from happening Needed help after incident due to injury, etc. TO RECOVER LOSS To recover property To collect insurance TO GET OFFENDER To prevent further crimes against respondent/ respondent's household by this offender OTHER Other reason - Specify - ASK 119b No other reason - SKIP to 121 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 To stop this offender from committing other crimes against anyone To punish offender Duty to let police know about crime 5 10 810 811 Catch or find offender - other reason or no reason given 119b. REASONREPORT_SPEC Please specify other reason for reporting this incident to the police. To improve police surveillance of respondent's home, area, etc. SKIP to 119c TO LET POLICE KNOW Specify 119c. Is more than one reason marked in 119a? CHECK ITEM Q 1 2 Yes - ASK 120 No - SKIP to 121 Page 26

  1. REPORTIMPORTANT

Which of these would you say was the most important reason why the incident was reported to the police? Page 27 1 2 Stop or prevent THIS incident from happening Needed help after incident due to injury, etc. To recover property To collect insurance To prevent further crimes against respondent/ respondent's household by this offender 3 4 6 7 8 9 To stop this offender from committing other crimes against anyone To punish offender Duty to let police know about crime 5 10 Catch or find offender - other reason or no reason given To improve police surveillance of respondent's home, area, etc. Other reason11 No one reason more important21 Because it was a crime was most important22

  1. POLICEARRIVE

Did the police come when they found out about the incident? 1 2 3 4 Yes - ASK 122 No Don't know Respondent went to police - SKIP to 123a

  1. TIMEPOLICEARRIVE

How soon after the police found out did they respond? Was it within 5 minutes, within 10 minutes, an hour, a day, or longer? Enter the code for the first answer category respondent is sure of. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Within 5 minutes Within 10 minutes Within an hour Within a day Longer than a day Don't know how soon SKIP to 124 816123a. POLICEACTION What did they do while they were (there/here)? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Took report Searched/looked around Took evidence (fingerprints, inventory, etc.) Questioned witnesses or suspects Promised surveillance Promised to investigate Made arrest Other - Specify - ASK 123b Don't know - SKIP to 124 817 Please specify what they did while they were (there/ here). 123b. POLICEACTION_SPEC SKIP to 124 Specify SKIP to 128

  1. POLICECONTACT

Did you (or anyone in your household) have any later contact with the police about the incident? 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 125a No Don't know 819125a. POLICEINTOUCH Did the police get in touch with you or did you get in touch with them? 1 2 3 4 5 Police contacted respondent or other HHLD member Respondent (or other HHLD member) contacted police Both Don't know Other - Specify - ASK 125b 125b. POLICEINTOUCH_SPEC Please specify did the police get in touch with you or did you get in touch with them. SKIP to 126 Specify

  1. HOWPOLICECONTACT

Was that in person, by phone, or some other way? 1 2 3 4 In person Not in person (by phone, mail, etc.) Both in person and not in person Don't know Page 28 127a. POLICEFOLLOWUP What did the police do in following up this incident? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 821 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Took report Questioned witnesses or suspects Did or promised surveillance/investigation Recovered property Made arrest Stayed in touch with respondent/household Other - Specify - ASK 127b Nothing (to respondent's knowledge) Don't know 8 9 822 127b. POLICEFOLLOWUP_SPEC Please specify what the police did in following up this incident. SKIP to 128 SKIP to 128 Specify Did you (or someone in your household) sign a complaint against the offender(s) to the police department or the authorities? 825 1 2 Yes No

  1. SIGNCOMPLAINT

Ask or verify: As far as you know, was anyone arrested or were charges brought against anyone in connection with this incident? 826 1 2 3 Yes No Don't know

  1. ARRESTMADE

SKIP to 131b

  1. AGENCYHELP

Did you (or someone in your household) receive any help or advice from any office or agency - other than the police - that deals with victims of crime? 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 131a No Don't know 828 Was that a government or private agency? 1 2 3 Government Private Don't know 131a. TYPEOFAGENCY 131b. Were the police informed? (Is "Yes" marked in 115? CHECK ITEM R 1 2 Yes - ASK 132 No - SKIP to 135a

  1. CONTACTAUTHORITIES

Have you (or someone in your household) had contact with any other authorities about this incident (such as a prosecutor, court, or juvenile officer)? SKIP to 134a 1 2 3 Yes - ASK 133a No Don't know 830133a. AUTHORITIES Which authorities? Probe: Any others? Enter all that apply. 1 2 3 4 5 Prosecutor, district attorney Magistrate Court Juvenile, probation or parole officer Other - Specify - ASK 133b SKIP to 134a 831134a. ANYTHINGFURTHER Do you expect the police, courts, or other authorities will be doing anything further in connection with this incident? 1 Yes - Specify - ASK 134b No Don't know 2 3 133b. AUTHORITIES_SPEC Please specify which authorities. Please specify what you expect the police, courts, or other authorities will be doing (further) in connection with this incident. 134b. ANYTHINGFURTHER_SPEC SKIP to 135a Specify Specify 832135a. DOINGATINCIDENTTIME 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Working or on duty - SKIP to 138a On the way to or from work - SKIP to 142b On the way to or from school On the way to or from other place Shopping, errands Attending school Leisure activity away from home Sleeping Other activities at home Other - Specify - ASK 135b Don't know - SKIP to 13611 Ask or verify: What were you doing when this incident (happened/started)? SKIP to 136 Page 29 Specify Please specify what you were doing when this incident (happened/started). 135b. DOINGATINCIDENTTIME_SPEC

  1. JOBDURINGINCIDENT

Ask or verify: Did you have a job at the time of the incident? 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 142b No - ASK 137a 841137a. MAJORACTIVITY What was your major activity the week of the incident - were you looking for work, keeping house, going to school, or doing something else? 1 2 3 4 5 6 Looking for work Keeping house Going to school Unable to work Retired SKIP to 151 Other - Specify - SKIP to 137b 137b. MAJORACTIVITY_SPEC Please specify what was your major activity the week of the incident. Specify - SKIP to 151 A private company, business, or individual for wages? - Ask 138b 843138a. EMPLOYERTYPE Now I have a few questions about the job at which you worked during the time of the incident. Were you employed by - (Read each category - then enter appropriate code) 1 2 The Federal government? A State, county, or local government? Yourself (Self-employed) in your own business, professional practice, or farm? 3 4 5 A private, not-for-profit, tax-exempt, or charitable organization? SKIP to 138c ƐŬ ϭϯϴď Is this business incorporated? 138b. INCORPORATED 953 Yes No Don't know 1 2 3 954138c. EMPLOYERNAME What is the name of the (company/government agency/business/non-profit organization) for which you worked at the time of the incident? 956 1 2 3 4 Manufacturing? Retail trade? Wholesale trade? Something else? What kind of business or industry is this? Read if necessary: What do they make or do where you worked at the time of the incident? Is this mainly... (Read answer categories) - 138d. TYPEOFBUSINESS 138e. BUSINESSSECTOR 955 What kind of work did you do, that is, what was your occupation at the time of the incident? (For example: plumber, typist, farmer) 138f. OCCUPATIONDESC 957 870 871

  1. LOSTWORKTIME

Did YOU lose time from work because of the injuries you suffered in this incident? 1 2 Yes - ASK 144 No - SKIP to 147a 872

  1. AMOUNTTIMELOST

How much time did you lose because of injuries? 0 Less than one day - SKIP to 147a

  1. LOSTPAYNOMEDINS

During these days, did you lose any pay that was not covered by unemployment insurance, sick leave, or some other source? 1 2 Yes - ASK 146 No - SKIP to 147a

  1. AMOUNTLOSTPAYNOMED

About how much pay did you lose? Did YOU lose any (other) time from work because of this incident for such things as cooperating with a police investigation, testifying in court, or repairing or replacing damaged or stolen property? Probe: Any other reason? Enter all that apply. 874 1 2 3 4 5 Police related activities Court related activities Repairing damaged property Replacing stolen items Other - Specify - ASK 147b 147a. LOSTOTHERWORKTIME None (did not lose time from work for any of these reasons) - SKIP to 151 ASK 148 6 147b. LOSTOTHERWORKTIME_SPEC Please specify the (time/other time) lost from work because of this incident.

  1. DAYLOSTWORK

How much time did you lose altogether because of (name all reasons marked in 147a)? Page 30 What were your usual activities or duties at this job?

  1. USUALJOBDUTIES 958
  2. JOBMSATYPE

While working at this job, did you work mostly in - (Read category - then enter the appropriate code). 1 2 3 4 A city? Suburban area? Rural area? Combination of any of these? 845141a. INCIDENTHAPPENATWORK Ask or verify: Did this incident happen at your work site? 1 2 3 4 Yes No Don't know Other - Specify - ASK 141b 141b. INCIDENTHAPPENATWORK_SPEC Please specify SKIP to 141c Specify 846 Did you usually work days or nights? 1 2 3 Days Nights Both days and nights/rotating shifts 141c. WORKDAYNIGHT Is this your current job? 142a. ISCURRENTJOB 959 Yes No 1 2 142b. Was the respondent injured in this incident? (Is Box 2-11 marked in 31a?) CHECK ITEM S 1 2 Yes (injury marked in 31a - ASK 143 No (blank or "None" marked in 31a - SKIP to 147a ____________ Number of days - ASK 145 873 $ ____________ . Amount of pay lost00 Specify 0 Less than one day - SKIP to 151 ____________ Number of days - ASK 149875 Page 31 1 2 Yes - ASK 150 No - SKIP to 151

  1. LOSTPAYNOEMPINS

During these days, did you lose any pay that was not covered by unemployment insurance, paid leave, or some other source? About how much pay did you lose?

  1. AMOUNTLOSTNOPAYEMP

Were there any (other) household members 16 years or older who lost time from work because of this incident?

  1. HHMEMLOSTWORKTIME 1

2 Yes - ASK 152a No - SKIP to 152b 878 How much time did they lose altogether? 152a. AMOUNTHHMEMTIMELOST 877 $ ____________ . Amount of pay lost00 0 Less than one day ____________ Number of days 152b. Was the respondent on the way to or from work, school, or some other place when the incident (happened/started)? (Is Box 2, 3, or 4 marked in 135a?) CHECK ITEM T 1 2 Yes - ASK 153a No - SKIP to 153c 153a. TYPETRANSPORTATION Ask or verify: You told me earlier you were on the way (to/ from) (work/school/some place) when the incident happened. What means of transportation were you using? 881 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Car, truck or van Motorcycle Bicycle On foot School bus (private or public) Bus or trolley Subway or rapid transit Train Taxi Other - Specify - Ask 153b 153b. TYPETRANSPORTATION_SPEC Please specify what means of transportation you were using. SKIP to 153c Specify 153c. Is this incident part of a series of crimes? (Is Box 2 (is a "series") marked in 5c?) CHECK ITEM U 1 2 Yes - ASK 154a No - SKIP to 161 883 You have told me about the most recent incident. How many times did this kind of thing happen to you during the last 6 months? 154a. SERIESNUMTIMES Is that because there is no way of knowing, or because it happened too many times, or is there some other reason? 1 2 3 No way of knowing Happened too many times Some other reason - Specify - ASK 154c 884154b. SERIESDK 154c. SERIESDKSPEC Please specify the other reason the respondent doesn't know the number of times. SKIP to 155a ____________ Number of incidents - SKIP to 155a 879 Specify Don't know - ASK 154b Page 32 In what month or months did these incidents take place? Probe: How many in (name months)? 155a. SERIESWHICHMONTHQ1 Number of incidents per quarter Jan., Feb., or Mar. (Qtr. 1) 885 Apr., May, or Jun. (Qtr. 2) 886 888 Jul., Aug., or Sept. (Qtr. 3) Oct., Nov., or Dec. (Qtr. 4) 887 155b. SERIESWHICHMONTHQ2 155c. SERIESWHICHMONTHSQ3 155d. SERIESWHICHMONTHQ4 In what month or months did these incidents take place? Probe: How many in (name months)? In what month or months did these incidents take place? Probe: How many in (name months)? In what month or months did these incidents take place? Probe: How many in (name months)?

  1. SERIESLOCATION

Did all, some, or none of these incidents occur in the same place? 889 All in the same place Some in the same place None in the same place 1 2 3 890 Were all, some, or none of these incidents done by the same person(s)? 1 2 3 4 All by same person Some by same person None by same person Don't know - SKIP to 159a

  1. SERIESOFFENDER

What (was/were) the relationship(s) of the offender(s) to you? For example, friend, spouse, schoolmate, etc? Probe: Anything else? Enter all that apply. 158a. SERIESOFFENDERRELATION Spouse at time of incident Ex-spouse at time of incident Parent or step-parent Own child or step-child Brother/sister Other relative - Specify - ASK 158b 1 2 3 16 17 4 RELATIVE NONRELATIVEFriend or ex-friend Roommate, boarder Schoolmate Neighbor Customer/client Patient Supervisor (current or former) Employee (current or former) Co-worker (current or former) 5 8 7 6 11 13 14 15 19 12 10 Teacher/school staff Other nonrelative - Specify - ASK 158c SKIP to 159a SKIP to 159a 966 967 Specify - SKIP to 159a Specify 158b. SERIESOFFENDERRELATION14SPEC Please specify the other relative. 158c. SERIESOFFENDERRELATION26SPEC Please specify the other nonrelative. Did the same thing happen each time? 159a. SAMETHINGEACHTIME 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 160a893 No - ASK 159b Specify How did the incidents differ? 159b. HOWINCIDENTSDIFFER Boyfriend or girlfriend, ex-boyfriend or ex-girlfriend 18 (RELATIVE) (NONRELATIVE) 970 968 969 SKIP to 159a 894 Is the trouble still going on? 160a. TROUBLEONGOING What ended it? 160b. WHATENDEDIT Page 33 1 2 Yes - SKIP to 160c No - ASK 160b Specify Completed or threatened violence at school or on school property 1 Completed or threatened violence in the course of the victim's job (police officer, security guard, psychiatric social worker, etc.) Completed or threatened violence between spouses, other relatives, friends, neighbors, etc. Other contact crimes (other violence, pocket picking, purse snatching, etc.) - Specify - ASK 160d 3 2 4 CONTACT CRIMES 5 Theft or attempted theft of motor vehicles NONCONTACT CRIMES 895 Illegal entry of, or attempt to enter, victim's home, other building on property, second home, hotel, motel Theft or attempted theft of motor vehicle parts (tire, hubcap, battery, attached car stereo, etc.) Theft or attempted theft of contents of motor vehicle, including unattached parts Theft or attempted theft at school or on school property 7 6 8 9 Theft or attempted theft from victim's home or vicinity by person(s) UNKNOWN to victim Theft or attempted theft from victim's home or vicinity by person(s) KNOWN to victim (roommate, babysitter, etc.) 11 10 Other theft or attempted theft (at work, while shopping, etc.) - Specify - ASK 160e 12 SKIP to 161 SKIP to 161 160c. Do not read to respondent. Enter precode that best describes this series of crimes. If more than one category describes this series, enter the appropriate precode with the lowest number. ITEM V1 CHECK 160d. SERIESCONTACTORNOT14SPEC 160e. SERIESCONTACTORNOT22SPEC Please specify the other contact crime. Please specify the other noncontact crime. Specify - SKIP to 161 Specify Hate crimes or crimes of prejudice or bigotry occur when (an offender/offenders) target(s) people because of one or more of their characteristics or religious beliefs. Do you have any reason to suspect the incident just discussed was a hate crime or crime of prejudice or bigotry? Yes - ASK 162 No - SKIP to 174 1 2

  1. INCIDENTHATECRIME

SERIESCONTACTORNOT Page 34 Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know

  1. An offender/Offenders can target people

for a variety of reasons, but we are only going to ask you about a few today. Do you suspect the offender(s) targeted you because of... Your race? Your religion? Your ethnic background or national origin (for example, people of Hispanic origin)? Your gender? Your sexual orientation? If "Yes," SAY - (by this we mean homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual) Any disability (by this I mean physical, mental, or developmental disabilities) you may have? 896 897 898 899 900 901 (b) INCHATETARGETREASONS_RELIGION (c) INCHATETARGETREASONS_ETHNICITY (e) INCIDENTHATETARGETREASONS_GENDER (f) INCIDENTHATETARGETREASONS_SEXUAL (d) INCHATETARGETREASONS_DISABILITY (a) INCIDENTHATETARGETREASON_RACE Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know

  1. Some offenders target people because

they associate with certain people or the (offender perceives/offenders perceive) them as having certain characteristics or religious beliefs. Do you suspect you were targeted because of... Your association with people who have certain characteristics or religious beliefs (for example, a multiracial couple)? Yes - Specify - ASK 163b1 No 911 3 Don't know 912 Please specify why you suspect you were targeted because of your association with people who have certain characteristics or religious beliefs. (b) INCHATETARGETWHOYOUKNOW_SPEC 2 The offender(s)'s perception of your characteristics or religious beliefs (for example, the offender(s) thought you were Jewish because you went into a synagogue)? (c) INCIDENTHATETARGETRELIGION (d) INCIDENTHATETARGETRELIGION_SPEC Please specify why you suspect you were targeted because of the offender(s)'s perception of your characteristics or religious beliefs. SKIP to 163c (a) INCIDENTHATETARGETWHOYOUKNOW Specify Yes - Specify - ASK 163d1 No 913 3 Don't know 914 2 SKIP to 163e Specify 163e. Are one or more boxes marked "Yes" in 162a through 163c? CHECK ITEM V2 1 2 Yes - ASK 164a No - SKIP to 174 164a. INCIDENTHAVEEVIDENCEHATE Do you have any evidence that this incident was a hate crime or crime of prejudice or bigotry? 1 2 3 915 Did the offender(s) say something, write anything, or leave anything behind at the crime scene that would suggest you were targeted because of your characteristics or religious beliefs? Yes - SKIP to 165 No Don't know 164b. INCIDENTHAVEEVIDENCE_SUGGEST 1 2 Yes - ASK 165 ASK 164b No - SKIP to 174 Page 35 The next questions ask about the evidence you have that makes you suspect this incident was a hate crime or a crime of prejudice or bigotry. As I read the following questions, please tell me if any of the following happened:

Did the offender(s) make fun of you, make negative comments, use slang, hurtful words, or abusive language? 916 (b) INCIDENTEVIDENCEHATE_SYMBOLS Were any hate symbols present at the crime scene to indicate the offender(s) targeted you for a particular reason (for example, a swastika, graffiti on the walls of a temple, a burning cross, or written words)? Did a police investigation confirm the offender(s) targeted you (for example, did the offender(s) confess a motive, or did the police find books, journals, or pictures that indicated the offender(s) (was/were) prejudiced against people with certain characteristics or religious beliefs)? 917 918 (c) INCEVIDENCEHATE_POLICETARGET (d) INCEVIDENCEHATE_OFFENDERDIDSAME Do you know if the offender(s) (has/have) committed similar hate crimes or crimes of prejudice or bigotry in the past? 919 (e) INCIDENTEVIDENCEHATE_NEARHOLIDAY Did the incident occur on or near a holiday, event, location, gathering place, or building commonly associated with a specific group (for example, at the Gay Pride March or at a synagogue, Korean church, or gay bar)? 920 Have other hate crimes or crimes of prejudice or bigotry happened to you or in your area/ neighborhood where people have been targeted? Do your feelings, instincts, or perception lead you to suspect this incident was a hate crime or crime of prejudice or bigotry, but you do not have enough evidence to know for sure? 921 922 (f) INCEVIDENCEHATE_OTHERLIKECRIMES (g) INCEVIDENCEHATE_FELT_BELIEVED (a) INCIDENTEVIDENCEHATE_MAKEFUN Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know Yes1 2 No 3 Don't know

  1. TELLPOLICEHATECRIME

At any time, did you tell the police that you believed the incident was a hate crime or crime of prejudice or bigotry? 908 1 2 Yes

Summarize this incident. Also include any details about the incident that were not asked about in the incident report that might help clarify the incident. ITEM W CHECK SUMMARY No